172. Chapter 170 The Idol King


Chapter 170 The Idol King

As soon as the three people left the elevator, they were quiet for a while and looked at each other.

After confirming that the elevator was up, Li Zhibai immediately let out a sigh and said, "As petty as Zhou Ping'an is, he must be worried that we have hooked up with Sister Ziyan in secret."

Yan Liang is very He disliked the word "hooking up" used by Li Zhibai, but Yan Liang agreed with what Li Zhibai meant.

“I guess I’m thinking about it in my heart.”

Everyone has known Zhou Ping'an for several years, and knows about his character to a certain extent, and can all guess what he is thinking.

Li Zhibai suddenly felt happy: "After something like Ma Zhiyuan happened, will he seriously reflect on himself and treat us better in the future? Otherwise, he will force us to take action."< br>
"Pull him down, Ma Zhiyuan's practice of killing one thousand enemies and damaging eight hundred for himself is nothing to learn." Lu Yanhe was really worried that Li Zhibai would be inspired by Ma Zhiyuan and attack Zhou Ping'an impulsively. The consequences are a bit serious.

Yan Liang also nodded.

While the three people were talking, Qu Yousong came towards them.

In the long and narrow corridor, we meet each other on a narrow road.

“Hey!” Li Zhibai’s eyes lit up instantly when he saw this person, “Don’t you usually go in pairs with Ma Zhiyuan and Wei Zhuoran? Why are you alone today? Oh, By the way, Wei Zhuoran stopped working, Ma Zhiyuan got into a fight, and you are the only one left."

He was all alone, smiling sarcastically.

"Good brothers have to share hardships. Ma Zhiyuan and Lin Suyang are fighting. Why don't you go up and stop them?"

Qu Yousong's face darkened, "It's none of your business."

"Of course it's none of my business." Li Zhibai said confidently, "I've been waiting to see your jokes. Isn't this coming soon? Hahahahahaha."

Lu Yanhe was helpless He glanced at Li Zhibai.

Li Zhibai is the only one who dares to say anything and make any face.

"What did you say to him? Let's go." Yan Liang didn't want to see Li Zhibai provoking Qu Yousong. Qu Yousong was a man with many thoughts and dirty thoughts. He was more cautious and provocative than Ma Zhiyuan and Wei Zhuoran. It was too much. Who knows what evil he would be holding in his heart when he looked back.

Li Zhibai just stopped talking.

Qu Yousong's face turned as dark as black water and he clenched his fists.

MX is a popular boy band. It is very popular, but now it is facing internal and external troubles.

In a short period of time, conflicts have arisen between managers and artists, and conflicts between artists.

We still don’t know how to resolve the matter between Lin Suyang and Ma Zhiyuan.

-

"Sit."

As soon as Zhou Pingan came in, Vice President Ma asked Zhou Pingan to sit down.

With a smile on his face, Zhou Pingan asked: "Mr. Ma, what are your instructions?"

Vice President Ma sighed, "I want to talk to you, Ma Zhiyuan and Lin Suyang You must have heard about it, right?”

“It has spread throughout the company. How could we not have heard about it? My colleagues in the public relations department are probably going to have a headache now. It is very difficult to block the news. ." Zhou Ping'an said.

"I came to you also to ask how you think this matter should be handled more appropriately." Vice President Ma said, "Although Ma Zhiyuan has gone too far and deserves a lesson, we can't really let him get involved in a beating scandal. He still has so many endorsements and a lot of business behind him. Once he gets involved in a scandal, the follow-up handling will be troublesome.”
Zhou Ping'an: "The key to this matter depends on the company's attitude towards Lin Suyang, Mr. Ma."

"Huh?"

"Lin Suyang is the agent. Logically speaking, no matter who is right or wrong in this matter, the best way is for Lin Suyang to explain to the public immediately that it is a misunderstanding, or to find someone casually. An excuse to change the nature of the matter first, but I heard that after the incident, although he did not fight back at Ma Zhiyuan, he scolded him very harshly. Many people outside the rehearsal room heard it, and I don’t know if there was any Someone is recording." Zhou Ping'an clicked his tongue, "Of course, you can't blame Xiao Lin. He is young and it is his first time to be an agent. It happened to be a boy band that became popular very quickly. It’s normal to be inexperienced.”

“It’s true that he’s inexperienced and impulsive,” said Vice President Ma. “He’s so angry now that he can’t be rational. Think about it, we can’t let this develop like this, tell me, what should we do?”

Zhou Pingan smiled and said: "What we are going to do is very simple. It is not difficult to find a cover for the fight. What is difficult is that after we do it, will the two parties stand up and slap us in the face? As soon as we finally tried to whitewash it, they came out to expose it, and the company was embarrassed."

Vice President Ma understood what Zhou Pingan meant.

"I'll talk to Lin Suyang, and you can communicate with Ma Zhiyuan." Vice President Ma said, "We can't let them lose their temper like this. They are all adults, so why are they acting like children! Wait. Once this matter is over, we must teach them a lesson!”

-

Downstairs.

Lu Yanhe and the other three came to the company with nothing to do, they just came to watch the show, but the show was already over.

"Then what are we going to do now?" Li Zhibai asked.

Yan Liang said: "There is no show left, let's go back."

Li Zhibai: "We are all out, why are we going back so soon? How about we go watch a movie."< br>
"Alright." Yan Liang nodded.

Lu Yanhe is good at flowing.

Just as he was thinking this, Zhou Pingan suddenly walked over from the front.

"You are still here. Just in time, I have something to ask you. Come here." Zhou Ping'an said to Li Zhibai and Yan Liang.

When Li Zhibai heard this, he frowned and said, "We are going to watch a movie. What's going on? It won't take long, right?"

Zhou Ping'an glanced at them sideways, Said: "The holiday I give you won't give you any extra work. It's for other things. It will happen soon."

Li Zhibai looked at Lu Yanhe: "Then let's go there first. You wait for us."

"Okay." Lu Yanhe nodded.

Li Zhibai and Yan Liang followed Zhou Ping'an and left.

Lu Yanhe was bored alone, so he went to the public area, found a chair and sat down, took out his mobile phone, and prepared to check Weibo.

His Weibo has been very lively in the past two days, and his followers have increased very quickly. Originally, he only had an account with tens of thousands of followers, but in the past two days, he has 230,000 followers, all because he saw Lu Yanhe’s college entrance examination scores. Fans gathered here.

Whether in the comment section or in private messages, they are all expressing admiration and adoration.

Many people also asked him whether he was going to Zhenhua or Yuming.

Lu Yanhe has thought seriously for a long time in the past two days. In fact, for him, either Zhenhua or Yuming is fine.

Both universities are top universities in China.

Lu Yanhe is thinking about one thing, that is, will he follow an academic path in the future?

After thinking for a long time, he felt that he should not leave.

Liberal arts are different from science and engineering. He had researched the last time he was choosing colleges and majors. The market demand and academic demand corresponding to science and engineering are more quantitative, while the liberal arts are relatively empty. The liberal arts take the academic route. In most cases, after getting a doctorate degree in 20s or 20s, they either do a postdoc or directly find a teaching position. Basically, they start as lecturers, the salary is low, and it is difficult to get ahead. Compared with The industry influence of science, engineering and liberal arts is quite linked to your qualifications.

Not taking the academic route, the employment directions of liberal arts are broader than those of science and engineering, but they are more limited. The job market changes every year, but the positioning of liberal arts is here. Except for a few disciplines with very clear counterparts, such as law and finance, most humanities are not directly related to the industry like science and engineering. .

Choosing a major in college is a lifelong event.

After graduation, many people’s employment directions are different from their majors, but that does not mean that professional knowledge has no impact and role on their lives.

Not many people dare to say this.

Lu Yanhe is thinking about what university means to him.

He will definitely want to be an artist in the future. No matter what major he studies, he can't get around this line, so it doesn't make much sense for him to study a major that is relevant and highly professional.

The meaning of university seems to be to consider the following points:

1. Leave a way out for your future. If an artist fails to succeed, he can still have a skill.

This point can only be ignored. It is difficult for liberal arts majors to accumulate such skills. Even if you study law and work as a lawyer, if you don't work in this industry for four or five years, you won't have any accumulation and no one will look for you.

2. It helps a lot in my acting career.

This point needs to be seriously considered. Just like when Chen Ziyan hired an acting teacher for him, she not only hired a very practical teacher like He Shuyi, but also a theoretical school like Zhang Ming, just to improve his performance. His awareness builds a higher understanding of performance.

3. His own interests.

After so many years of studying hard and preparing for the college entrance examination twice, this time he was finally able to go to a university. What did he want to learn, what did he want to understand, and what kind of knowledge did he want to acquire? .

Lu Yanhe thought for a long time and came up with several alternative answers.

Art, literature or history.

These are all majors that seem a bit out of touch with this society and a bit vain.

But it is a major that can help him accumulate and accumulate.

As for his hobbies and interests... Lu Yanhe thought about it for a long time and felt that whatever he wanted to know and know had nothing to do with liberal arts. His understanding of liberal arts is all based on preparation for exams. When it comes to liking and loving... Lu Yanhe feels that he still likes mathematics more, which is more interesting.

-

Li Zhibai and Yan Liang followed Zhou Pingan into his office.

Zhou Pingan sat down on the chair and looked at them for several seconds without saying anything, which made the two of them feel a little stressed out.

Li Zhibai coughed slightly and said, "Brother Ping'an, what do you want from us?"

"Is Lu Yanhe still living with you?" Zhou Ping'an asked.

"Yes, we have been together for several years. You won't let him move out at this time, right?" Li Zhibai asked.

"Why are you asking him to move out at this time? If he doesn't move out now, he will go to school in two months." Zhou Pingan looked at them helplessly, "I wanted to let him leave the company before. That's because there is a special reason, and now he is no longer in my hands Come on, I don’t have any prejudice against him. You don’t need to look at me like a ferocious enemy.”

Li Zhibai immediately asked: “What’s the special reason?”

"This has nothing to do with you, anyway In other words, as long as you know that he is not under my command now and has nothing to do with me, and I don't really have any prejudice against him, you don't have to worry about me cheating him." Zhou Ping'an sighed, "Speaking of which, you should pay more attention to yourself. One thing, after all, they are not brought by the same agent. We are both artists, and we are similar in age. From now on, you will be competitors. I know that you have a good relationship now and treat each other as brothers. But in the world of fame and fortune, brothers often turn against each other. "

Li Zhibai. He rolled his eyes directly at Zhou Pingan.

"Brother Ping'an, why are you still thinking about sowing discord? We have known each other since we were fifteen years old. Even if we become enemies one day, it will be a matter of the future. Now we are making love, you Saying this kind of thing not only does not separate If you exclude us, we will all be forced to speak to the outside world, and that outsider is you."

Zhou Ping'an: "..."

Among the artists he led, the only one dared to speak to him like this. That person is Li Zhibai.

But he has always been this virtuous, and he can't say anything.

"I'm not trying to create a gap between you, I'm just reminding you to be careful. Lu Yanhe may not want to be disadvantageous to you, but with competition, Chen Ziyan is a vegetarian behind her back, right?" Zhou Ping'an said, "This time, even Ma Zhiyuan and Lu Yanhe didn't take advantage of each other. Think about it, is this normal?"

Li Zhibai snorted, "That's Lao Lu's own fault. He scored 657 in the college entrance examination. There are popular artists every year. Is there another artist who can score 657 in the college entrance examination?"

Zhou Ping'an: "...Then don't even think about it, there is such a thing Being alone by your side doesn't make you look inferior to others?"

"You are not as good as him to begin with," Li Zhibai admitted generously, "Why don't you study better than him? Show off? Pull it down. Being in the entertainment industry is not about competing with others. If you have good grades, why worry about it?”

“If it weren’t for him, Yan Liang’s admission to the Beijing Academy of Arts would be the biggest news for our Star Entertainment this year, but now most of the publicity resources have been diverted to Lu Yanhe by Chen Ziyan. Yes." Zhou Ping'an said. "Originally, my plan was to let Yan Liang use this stock style to make a set of publicity."

"It's okay to do it, and there will be no conflict. There is a cultural score boss, and an art exam boss, no one else." Who are you delaying?" Li Zhibai pointed out Zhou Pingan unceremoniously.

Zhou Pingan almost laughed angrily.

“You have so many ideas, why don’t you be the agent.”

Zhou Ping’an’s original intention was to squeeze Li Zhibai and let him clarify his position , Shao BB, however, he forgot one thing, that is, Li Zhibai's face is as thick as the ninth heaven.

Li Zhibai answered without hesitation: "Actually, I also think that I am quite suitable to be an agent. If I don't become an artist in the future, I will switch to being an agent." Zhou Pingan almost Not a drop of blood spurted out.

He stared at the cowardly little bastard in front of him speechlessly, and said speechlessly: "When will you become self-aware about yourself? If you are a lazy person like you and act as an agent for others, an artist will not become famous in 800 years."

"It's okay, my family is rich, I spend money on him, and he gets trending searches every day, so I don't believe he will be popular." Li Zhibai said rudely.

Zhou Ping'an: "..."

Hold it, hold it back.

Zhou Pingan took a deep breath and decided not to dwell on this topic with Li Zhibai.

There's no point in arguing with him.

This person is incompetent, his brain circuit is different from ordinary people, and he also has the ability to make money.

"You can do whatever you like, no more." Zhou Ping'an waved his hand and forcibly changed the topic, "I came to you for the show "Young Days", Li Zhi You have already recorded a regular show in the first half of the year, and the feedback has been pretty good. If you record this show in the second half of the year, I won’t accept another regular show for you. You two, I We plan to allow you to develop in multiple ways, such as acting, singing, recording programs, and live broadcasting. These will be arranged. The core point is to increase your visibility, increase your popularity, and gain a firm foothold. In the next few years, there will be an explosion of idol artists. It’s been almost four years since your debut. You can’t stand still, otherwise you will be eliminated.”

Yan Liang nodded seriously.

Zhou Ping'an added: "Besides, you have also seen that MX has various internal problems now, such as fights between managers and artists. They will not be popular for long. Wait until they go downhill. That day is when you can share the cake, and the company will definitely promote new idol artists.”

"There will be new people by then, right?" Li Zhibai said.

“You are stupid.” Zhou Ping’an said, “So what if there are new people? A few new people can become famous overnight like MX, so I say that you should start increasing your exposure now and let more people know about it. You guys, I know you, need to cultivate more idol qualities.”

“But no matter how hard idol artists work, those fans will never be able to gain the love and popularity of all age groups like actors and singers. Can't go up." Li Zhibai was very sober.

"So what? As long as you can reach the TOP level among idol artists, your fan appeal will not be worse than that of any superstar." Zhou Pingan said, "Otherwise, why do you think the company should vigorously Developing idol artists? It’s because China has a very mature training system for singers and actors, and there are a group of people who have already established themselves, but do you think there are any idol artists? Who has that kind of dominance and status? Idol artists in Europe, the United States, Korea, Japan, and the surrounding countries such as Thailand and India are becoming bigger and bigger, and their pop culture influence is becoming world-class. To expand, the domestic area is weak and there is huge room, why don’t you fight for this piece of cake?”

After Zhou Pingan said this, Li Zhibai rarely said anything to him.

"There is no shortage of stages for idol artists in China now. Online variety shows and music festivals are both stages." Zhou Ping'an said, "I will help you with all types of work, but the core positioning is still to be an idol. Don't be influenced by others. Don’t think about transformation in a short period of time. You are so young and still have You have a lot of time to transform, but the only way you can compete for the status of king at your age is to become an idol.”

-

Lu Yanhe is searching for information on various majors on his mobile phone. When he learned more, Li Zhibai suddenly called.

"We're ready, where are you?"

"I'm...I can't tell, let's meet directly in the parking lot." Lu Yanhe said.

There is a large public area nearby, and Lu Yanhe doesn't know how to describe it.

He also doesn’t know that much about the company’s layout.

“Okay.”

Lu Yanhe walked to the nearby elevator.

The three people met in the parking lot.

After getting in the car, Lu Yanhe looked at the two people's expressions, and they seemed to be thinking deeply.

"What are you thinking? Did Zhou Pingan say anything to you?"

"I said a lot of things, and the core meaning is to let us clarify the focus of our future business. Being an idol artist has created a huge pie for us, so we can work hard," Li Zhibai said directly.

Lu Yanhe couldn't help but ponder for a moment and nodded, "Our company is indeed one of the few domestic management companies that invests so much in idol artists."

Mainly because of the idol artist aspect, Without a mature industrial chain, output and income may not be directly proportional.

Many companies are unwilling to do it.

In the past two years, the market for idol artists has gradually grown, and companies have begun to make efforts.

Li Zhibai nodded, "Zhou Ping'an said the same thing, saying that MX will be eliminated sooner or later, so let's be ready to take over from them."

"Huh?" This is quite surprising. Lu Yanhe didn't expect it.

Connect the MX disk? Why does Zhou Pingan feel that this group is about to be eliminated?

-

As many people expected, the news of the fight between Ma Zhiyuan and his agent Lin Suyang was anonymously exposed on the Internet even though the company took every precaution.

Ma Zhiyuan's character usually offends many people in the circle. Once something happens, there are many people who watch the excitement and don't mind it and add fuel to the flames.

In particular, there were some media who were very unfavorable to Ma Zhiyuan. When they learned about this incident, they immediately followed up and made very negative reports.

When an idol artist fights with his manager, no matter what the reason is, it is negative enough.

Mainstream media, in particular, have higher requirements and are more sensitive to idol artists, because according to social consensus, fans of idol artists are basically teenagers, and it is easy for them to imitate the words and deeds of idol artists.

As soon as the incident came to light, within half an hour, three mainstream media outlets commented on the negative social impact of the incident.

The entertainment media, which is different from the mainstream media, focuses more on the "past and present life" of Ma Zhiyuan, a young artist. All kinds of "clues" of the past were picked out and formed into an article that "had early warning signs" .

Ma Zhiyuan instantly felt like he was being pushed against a wall by everyone.

-

Within MX, apart from Ma Zhiyuan, several other people were also shocked by this situation.

How could it arouse such a big public opinion?

Qu Yousong and Wei Zhuoran both sat in silence, neither of them raised their heads to speak, until Ma Zhiyuan suddenly angrily smashed his cell phone against the sofa, and the cell phone bounced off the sofa and fell to the ground.

At this time, neither Qu Yousong nor Wei Zhuoran spoke, trying to comfort Ma Zhiyuan.

In the house opposite the door on the same floor, Jiang Bai gently curled his lips after reading the messages on his phone, put the phone aside, and stood up to pour water.

Chen Jing didn't know how to describe his mood at this moment.

Ma Zhiyuan's usual style is like this. He is self-righteous and self-centered. If anyone offends him, he will make it difficult for others.

Chen Jing was not allowed to share the stage with Ma Zhiyuan several times because he was jealous of Ma Zhiyuan because he was a better dancer.

This unreasonable request was accepted even though it was unreasonable because he was the most popular person in the team.

Chen Jing had long hoped that Ma Zhiyuan would learn the lesson he deserved. Now Ma Zhiyuan has learned the lesson, but it seems that MX has also been stepped on.

-

“MX is indeed one of the most popular boy groups at the moment. As the leader, Ma Zhiyuan is also one of the most popular idols at the moment. However, this is not the reason why he can hit people.” In a first-class entertainment In the live news program, columnist Mao Yu, who served as a guest on the program, said, "Actually, according to my friends in the entertainment industry, According to the feedback, Ma Zhiyuan’s character has long been exposed to such problems. He is irritable, arrogant and self-righteous. He once participated in a program produced by my friend. Because of his request, the rehearsal time was changed from 4pm to 3am. Everyone on the show team stayed with him, and at three o'clock in the morning, he said he couldn't come to the rehearsal. , this kind of behavior is not uncommon, but because he is too popular, no one has exposed it. This time he dared to hit his agent, I am not surprised."

"It's more than that, I'm not surprised. I also heard that he suppressed other members of MX." Another guest immediately followed, "Just because of others. He performed better than him, so in the end he forced the program team and the agent not to allow that person to appear on the show."

"Here you go, is it true? This is too much!"

“This happened not long ago. If you search the news, you will know who I am talking about.”

...

When Lu Yanhe was live broadcasting his reading, someone in the comment room of his live broadcast room immediately sent a link to this live entertainment news and commentary program.

Because Lu Yanhe is an artist from Star Entertainment and both are idol artists, many people in his live broadcast room were discussing this matter today, and many people asked Lu Yanhe to say something about this matter. His opinion.

Lu Yanhe saw everyone’s speeches, but of course he chose not to see them.

How could he get involved in this kind of thing and get himself covered in ashes.

But he didn't expect that this matter would attract so much attention and discussion.

It seems to have become a social news.

He couldn't help but wonder, how will the company resolve this matter in the end? -

At eleven o'clock in the night, Lu Yanhe ended the live broadcast and was about to wash his face and go to bed. While he was still washing his face, he heard Li Zhibai lean in loudly.

"What's wrong?" Yan Liang's voice sounded.

Li Zhibai said: "The company issued a statement saying that the fight between Ma Zhiyuan and Lin Suyang was a misunderstanding. The real situation is that Lin Suyang was rehearsing an audition clip with Ma Zhiyuan in the rehearsal room. The rumors on the Internet are taken out of context and are false rumors."

“Huh?”

Lu Yanhe washed his face and walked out.

“Does anyone believe this explanation?” Lu Yanhe was a little surprised.

Li Zhibai shrugged and said: "Anyway, Lin Suyang and Ma Zhiyuan both forwarded this statement and gave an explanation. It seemed that they had shaken hands and made peace. Ma Zhiyuan also sent a message to Lin Suyang. Here are the photos of sitting together eating barbecue.”

Lu Yanhe logged on to Ma Zhiyuan's social platform homepage and saw that the latest update was the photo Li Zhibai mentioned.

Ma Zhiyuan and Lin Suyang were next to each other, still looking very close, with bright smiles and no grudges at all.

“It was not easy to take this photo.” Yan Liang lamented, “It seems that the company did not issue a statement immediately in order to clear up the two of them and settle their rhetoric, so they did it together. response."

" Regardless of whether others believe it or not, there is no evidence that they were fighting. Several parties have clarified it, so you have to believe it if you don’t believe it.”

“It’s so boring. I thought Ma Zhiyuan was going to hit him hard this time. Learn a lesson.”

Lu Yanhe looked at the two people smiling brightly in the photo, and felt somewhat complicated in his heart.

This is the entertainment industry. What is presented on social media is always edited and processed.

Smile, sadness, truth, misunderstanding, everything can be faked.

Many people know what the truth is, but no one will jump out to expose these hypocritical lies.

The truth of the matter itself is not important.

Lu Yanhe was still thinking about these things, and Yan Liang suddenly said: "Someone in the company said that Lin Suyang and Ma Zhiyuan are going to part ways."

"Huh?" Li Zhibai said, "The two of them just talked about their relationship. Very good, it was just a misunderstanding. Why did they suddenly part ways?”

“I don’t know. "It's just a rumor, but this rumor also mentioned one thing." Yan Liang looked at Li Zhibai seriously, "It is said that Ma Zhiyuan will come out of MX and perform solo activities, and his personal management affairs will be handled by Zhou Ping'an. . ”

Li Zhibai and Lu Yanhe looked incredible at the same time.

"Zhou Pingan?"

"Yes." Yan Liang nodded, "It's just hearsay, but I think there is no smoke without fire, and coupled with what Zhou Pingan said to us in the afternoon, I think it is somewhat possible."

"Ma Zhiyuan wants to Are you led by Zhou Ping'an? What a joke!" Li Zhibai changed his face instantly, "What is my relationship with Ma Zhiyuan? Where does Zhou Pingan put me?" How could you possibly want to stay under the same agent?

"If Zhou Pingan accepts Ma Zhiyuan, then I will leave immediately." Li Zhibai was still watching the excitement and gloating about his misfortune, but now he suddenly found that the matter was related to him, and he could not stay out of it, and he immediately exploded .

Lu Yanhe asked: "Does Zhou Ping'an know that you and Ma Zhiyuan are so at odds?"

"Is there something he doesn't know?" Li Zhi said angrily, "No, I'm going to ask Zhou Ping'an tomorrow to see if there is such a thing. If so, I'll say goodbye as soon as possible."< br>
Things that originally had nothing to do with them had an impact on them in the end, which was what Li Zhibai least expected.

He even felt that Ma Zhiyuan and he were really at odds with each other, and this matter could eventually be blamed on Zhou Ping'an.

However, Zhou Pingan must be very willing to take him.

How could Zhou Pingan, an ace idol artist, be unwilling?

For the first time, Li Zhi felt a sense of crisis under Zhou Pingan.

He thought seriously for a long time and said, "How about I go find Lin Suyang and let him be my agent."

Lu Yanhe and Yan Liang heard Li Zhibai's words. , his head was getting big, and he immediately stopped him, "Don't act blindly when you are stimulated, calm down first!"

(End of this chapter)