Chapter 811 Route
Seeing these difficult projects, no one in the conference room could face them with a relaxed expression.
Because the longer they stay in this industry, the more they know how difficult these projects are.
Superconducting systems may be something a national institution can do, but for semiconductor systems in the quantum world, it is simply impossible for the hundreds of people present to do it, because the semiconductor system includes Photolithography machines, wafer materials, and processing materials and equipment in each link need to be independently developed.
With so many people here, as long as we can work together to create a project, not only will we leave a mark in history, but we will at least be featured on the evening news.
There is also the quantum communication algorithm behind it. Old man Yu, with his seniority, felt a little guilty when he saw the name of this project.
Because of this thing, Daxia Official and North America are currently doing better in the world, and Jiuzhou Technology actually wants to do this...
Old man Yu glanced around without leaving any trace, and there were some I have little faith that this group of people will be able to complete this project, at least not in just a few years.
After Gu Qing wrote a list of projects, he just tapped the chalk on the blackboard a few times, and then sighed: "Of course, these projects cannot be completed by us alone, and we, or the entire Blue Star at present, cannot It is impossible for such a force to complete these projects independently, unless the five permanent members can unite Those scientific research institutions work together to strive for the advancement of science and technology for all mankind.
But obviously, under the standard market economy of several companies in a country, there will be no short-term gains in investing massive resources. It is almost impossible to return the project. ”
Gu Qing was still very sincere and did not say anything. After all, the international situation is currently turbulent. What if a nuclear leader appears who does not regard everyone's life as his destiny?
“Currently, the international community is mainly focusing on the following two technologies.
One is the technical route based on the superconducting Josephson junction system, and the other is the gated quantum dot technology based on quantum semiconductors. "
Considering that some people in the conference room have not yet entered the quantum chip project, Gu Qing gave a brief explanation.
The Josephson junction is a junction formed by two superconductors separated by a very thin insulator or normal conductor, or separated by a superconducting bridge with a small cross-section, so that there is only weak coupling.
We also call it a superconducting tunnel junction. Superconducting electrons in it can tunnel through a semiconductor or insulator film from one side to the other.
However, in some previous experiments, we found that in fact, as long as two weakly coupled superconductors can form a Josephson junction, it does not necessarily need to be in the form of a tunnel junction.
The physical application of the Josephson effect is developing rapidly at present, and has formed an emerging discipline - superconducting electronics.
Gated quantum dot technology solves quantum problems from another angle.
Quantum dots are nano-semiconductors.
And for low-dimensional semiconductor materials, whose dimensions in all three dimensions do not exceed twice the exciton Bohr radius of their corresponding semiconductor materials, the diameter of quantum dots is usually between 2 and 20 nanometers. Common quantum dots include: silicon quantum dots, germanium quantum dots, lead selenide quantum dots, indium phosphide dots, and indium arsenide quantum dots.
One way of gated quantum dot technology is to use quantum metal gates made of phosphorus atoms embedded in silicon to program qubits.
This structure can help researchers expand a single qubit into a full quantum computer. Such qubits are embedded in a relatively isolated manner, making them easier to operate and more likely to succeed.
But the possibility of this success, the most advanced results in the world at present is that in some experimental cases, quantum dots can store information from minutes to hours, and more It won't work. ”
Having said this, Gu Qing shook his head with emotion.
“I heard that so far, when doing this experiment, that laboratory still chooses to use magnetic field pulses at a suitable oscillation frequency to control the donor qubit, thereby setting the state of the qubit or performing Logic operations.
But in the view of our project team, this solution can indeed work well on a single qubit. After all, it only needs to add an on-chip microwave chip next to a single qubit and can generate high A microwave source of frequency pulses will do.
But the amount required for a quantum computer. How can there be only a few sub-dots, and this technology requires that each qubit needs its own corresponding microwave source. I heard that the cost of each microwave source in their project exceeds 100,000 US dollars. It is conceivable that , which will bring huge R&D and production costs
And if there are more quantum dots, the magnetic field of each microwave source and quantum dot will be like an interference wave, constantly interfering with the surrounding quantum dots. This is simply done to realize quantum dots. Stupid pig-like wishful thinking”
This was the first time that Gu Qing used insulting words when giving lectures.
But insiders have insider views.
All current projects related to quantum mechanics are just like the projects related to graphene in recent years. It means blowing hard, blowing hard, and making the most ideal project results can be directly produced. To deceive, well, to attract investment.
Then I took the money and started going crazy, buying, buying, buying.
This kind of thing does not only exist in one Guojia, but similar situations occur all over the world. Even the higher the degree of capitalization of Guojia, the more often this kind of thing happens.
After Gu Qing complained about this, he also came up with his own thoughts.
“Although the prospects of silicon-based are still there, from the perspective of the broader world in the future, we can directly abandon silicon-based and switch to making full efforts to break through carbon-based quantum chips.
Carbon-based More stable, more stable in nature, and will only become easier to handle in terms of heat dissipation, manufacturing, and cost.
And the foundation of carbon-based chips allows us to have more calm design ideas. The limitations of silicon-based chips do not exist in front of carbon-based chips.
We can design an independent and smart enough. A single microwave source allows it to oscillate all computer qubits within its own magnetic field
And as long as the sensor and intelligent program control are good enough, this magnetic field will generally not affect the work of the qubit. The electrons in the atoms are then deflected slightly by applying a voltage. This effect is diverted to an oscillating electric field, to which the electrons and nuclei of the atoms then react, causing resonances in the nuclei of the atoms, causing them to change states. .
If this idea can still work stably after large-scale installation of qubits, then the quantum chip will no longer be a virtual chip that we simulate again and again with supercomputers, but can move from virtual to real to reality. ”
(End of this chapter)