Chapter 29 Governing the country and governing the people
Seeing that Li Nian did not open his mouth to talk about how to govern the Qin Dynasty, but humbly admitted that he was not good at it, Ying Zheng was quite satisfied. This guy is not a boastful person, he is very honest. .
Ying Zhengdao: "Then tell me about your 'poor views'!"
Li Niandao: "Governing a country means governing the people. Legalism and Confucianism govern the people. Although they have different ideas and theories, they use But it is the same method, that is, suppressing the people's power and weakening the people's strength and intelligence. , in order to facilitate better governance, so later kings always combine Confucianism and Legalism to govern the world. "
"The country can be governed by suppressing the people's power, but it can also be done without suppressing it. Understand the needs of the people, solve the people's problems, and guide the people. ”
"The needs of the people, whether they are the people of the old Qin or the people of the Six Kingdoms, even people of later generations like me, all they want is to live and live well."
"The most basic thing to live is to have food and water. , can maintain life; living well is more complicated, it is eating Beyond food and clothing, there are higher pursuits. For example, some people want fame, some want profit, some want beauties, some want mansions..."
"There is a little convenience in Legalist governance. It is to suppress people to live well. It is best for people to be able to survive. In this way People are tired of living every day, and they are no longer able to fight against the king."
After simply hacking the syntaxist, Li Nian continued: "Understand people's needs for a good life, and know what people want. When the king issues policies, he gives people the conditions to implement them People will naturally support and love the king. Of course, the king will not satisfy all needs, but be selective."
Ying Zheng frowned. Doesn't this mean he is doing it for himself? The people do things, rather than the people doing things for him?
He is the king of the world, he should be the one who orders the world to move for him, not him to move for the world.
But thinking of the death of the Second Emperor of Qin, Ying Zheng still listened patiently and carefully.
Li Nian also knew that what he said might arouse Ying Zheng's dissatisfaction, but at this point, it was impossible not to say it or to deceive Ying Zheng.
"Legalism is no longer suitable for governing the Qin Dynasty, because there is a conflict between the needs of the people and the strict Qin laws. After unifying the world, both the old Qin people and the people of the six kingdoms are looking forward to the future. The better, the better, but the Legalists not only did not help them realize this wish, but also carried out How can there be no problems if there are obstacles?”
“If the king wants to heal the original six kingdoms, he must understand what the people of the six kingdoms need and desire, and solve them in a targeted manner, so that they understand that under the rule of the king Just live better than before.”
"To be able to do this, even if the royal families of the Six Kingdoms are still there, it will not be easy for them to call on the people of the Six Kingdoms to fight for them again. There is a saying in later generations that 'It is easy to go from frugality to luxury, but it is difficult to go from luxury to frugality.' If you are used to a good life, as long as you have no disease in your mind, who would think about living a hard life? ”
Ying Zheng? At this time, a question was raised: "The Qin Dynasty attacked the six countries, and there were countless casualties. Their father and brother must be among them. Can such a deep hatred be eliminated?"
Li Niandao: "Your Majesty, although people can recall the past and imagine freely, In the future, we are still living in the present. There will definitely be people with hatred. Hate, to avenge the great king Da Qin, but as long as they can live well and live better than before, most people will choose to let go of their hatred. What's more, the Six Kingdoms and Da Qin are both from China. It is a fight between brothers, not a hatred of alien invasion. "
"Furthermore, the Great Qin conquered the six countries and unified the world , is to end the troubled times and restore peace to the world. Without Da Qin and the king, I don’t know how many people would die in this world.”
This sentence made Ying Zheng’s eyes light up, and he felt that he could tell the people of the Six Kingdoms this sentence. : Look, if a few people dominate the world, more people will not die. They are doing it for your own good.
"The king may not have a deep understanding of the needs of the people. I will take the Qin law as an example. Some of the punishments in the Qin law today are too cruel. Changing people's expectations is a need. The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system. In many aspects, things from the Qin Dynasty were used. "In the early Han Dynasty, the laws of the Han Dynasty also referred to Qin laws, so the same is true. There were many tortures. By the time of Emperor Wen, corporal punishment was abolished, leaving a legend that will last forever."
Li Nian told the story of Tiying saving his father, and Ying Zheng was silent for a while. , no wonder the Han Dynasty could replace the Qin Dynasty and become the dynasty after Qin. It turns out that the world has long been dissatisfied with Qin's laws.
At the same time, he was still a little unhappy. Such good stories were actually obtained by the thieves of the Han Dynasty who relied on the inheritance of the Qin Dynasty. He felt that his Qin Dynasty had made a wedding dress for the Han Dynasty, like a big injustice!
Da Qin paid the bride price, built a new house, bought a new car, entertained the guests, and when he entered the bridal chamber, a man with "Han" written on his face came in. Nothing happened to Da Qin.
If Li Nian knew Ying Zheng's psychology, he would definitely say that your feeling is correct, the Great Qin Dynasty is indeed a great grievance. The death of the second generation of the Qin Dynasty is different from the death of the second generation of the Sui Dynasty. The Han Dynasty after Qin and the Tang Dynasty after Sui Dynasty are also different. The difference was that the Han Dynasty did take advantage of the Qin Dynasty.
Like the hatred of the Six Kingdoms being destroyed, if the Qin had not sucked it away, how could it have been so easy for the Han Dynasty to pacify the world?
It's like Da Qin robbed six houses. The original owner of the house had direct hatred for Da Qin, but not towards the Han who now lived in the house, because Han did not directly rob them.
Da Qin started killing people and robbing the house. The dirty work was done, but he didn't enjoy it for a few years. Han didn't have to do the dirty work because Da Qin had already helped him finish it, and he lived there comfortably for hundreds of years.
Ying Zheng asked: "If the Han Dynasty inherits our Qin system, how big will the country be?"
Li Niandao: "If the Eastern and Western Han Dynasties were added together, the country would last more than four hundred years."
Ying Zheng suddenly didn't want to talk, and he didn't even want to ask why the Han Dynasty divided things.
He destroyed the six kingdoms and unified the world, and then the second generation of Qin Dynasty died. The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, copied the Qin system from east to west, and modified it, which lasted for more than four hundred years.
Li Nian continued: "In the process of realizing needs, various problems will arise, such as official corruption, fraud, deception of good people, or the need to dig mountains and build roads. The people cannot solve it on their own and must Government organizations, such problems can be called people’s problems.”
“If the king wants to be supported by the people, and Da Qin wants to be truly supported by the people, it needs to solve these problems for the people.”
The more I listen to it, the more it sounds like I am asking the few to do things for the people, not the people to do things for the few. Is this how future generations will govern the country?
While thinking about it, Ying Zheng listened to Li Niandao: "The direction of guiding the people is to guide the people to be loyal to the king and loyal to the Qin Dynasty. The people are a simple and complex group. They cannot be left alone or controlled. Strict, so the people must be guided.”
“The legalist strategy of fooling the people, ‘if the people are stupid, it is easier to govern’, is to keep the people in a state of ignorance so that they can be governed better. The method is offensive Sexuality is also harmful to the country and the nation. Ignorance is naturally better to control, but how can the country and the nation progress?” It has been said that unless there is only one country in the world, Da Qin, and there will never be any foreign enemies, otherwise other countries will change and develop and progress, but Da Qin’s foolish people will not change and will not move forward, which will eventually lead to trouble. ”
(End of this chapter)