Chapter 177 It is forbidden to marry close relatives
Li Nian nodded and said: "It is true that he is still young. He should only go to junior high school in future generations. He is far from the age of marriage. If I marry, it will be illegal."
Hearing Li Nian's words, Ying Zheng asked curiously: "This is the Qin Dynasty, so there is no need to worry about breaking the law. But, what is a junior high school?"
Li Niandao: "The full name of junior high school is 'junior middle school', 'school for junior secondary education'. In the later generations where I come from, there are three permanent teaching stages: elementary school, middle school, and university."
" This junior high school belongs to the middle school stage and is also the last stage of the nine-year compulsory education. ”
"Nine-year compulsory education is a unified education system implemented by the country where I come from. All children and teenagers of school age can enroll in school, with six years of primary school and three years of junior high school."
Ying Zheng nodded, He heard Li Nian say that the country of later generations would have more than 100,000,000 people. For so many people to be able to enter school and study for nine years, it was clear that the country of later generations was far superior to his Great Qin.
Ying Zheng, who had something in mind, asked again: "Can women in later generations also enroll in school? Which teaching stage do you belong to?"
In fact, in the era of Da Qin, if you want women to study, Literacy and going out to work were easier than in some later dynasties.
Because of the year-round battles, men fought outside, and women were the main labor force, which made the status of women in Qin Dynasty quite good.
There is no way, if people do work and do things, they must be given corresponding treatment and status.
Li Nian didn't know what Ying Zheng was thinking, and said: "You can go to school, go out to work, or even serve as an official. I belong to the university level!"
The latter answer caught Ying Zheng's eyes There was a flash of thought that this was indeed the case, and I felt in my heart that it would not be easy for this boy to study at the university level in later generations. No wonder he could understand astronomy and geography, know both ancient and modern things inside and outside, and know all kinds of skills.
How did he know that second-rate university monks like Li Nian would be caught in large numbers in later generations, and that Li Nian knew so much, all because of his own tricks, not that he was really that knowledgeable.
Even if normal people traveled to ancient times and could do something based on the knowledge they learned in modern times, they would not be as comprehensive as Li Nian.
Ying Zheng did not continue to ask Li Nian about the education of future generations, and returned to the issue of marriage. He said: "The reason why future generations do not allow women of Shunying's age to marry is not just because they need to go to school, right?"
Li Niandao: "Yes! According to later generations, According to human research, the most suitable age for women to have children is between twenty and thirty. It is not good to be earlier or later than this age group.” If you marry and have children, it will be detrimental to both mother and child; if it is too late, the woman’s health will be The health level will decrease, the babies born will be more likely to be deformed, and the women will be more likely to develop diseases."
Speaking of this, Li Nian thought of something and said: "If a close relative marries, it is more likely to give birth to a deformed baby. , such as cousins, cousins, etc., if they are combined, The babies born are either deaf and mute, or they are all white, or they are stupid..."
There is a law in the Qin Dynasty that prohibits the marriage of close relatives, but it is different from the modern one, and they like to kiss each other. Even the princes and nobles are doing this when it comes to getting married, so it's actually quite chaotic.
For example, Lu Pheasant, after her son Liu Ying became the emperor, she married her granddaughter Zhang Yan, who was under ten years old, to Liu Ying, which meant that Liu Ying married his niece.
Li Nian’s words made Ying Zheng think of something.
Giving birth to a deformed child is a scandal for every family, and is usually kept under wraps and not spread outside.
But as a king, Ying Zheng still knew that the Da Qin clan and some Da Qin families had indeed given birth to deformed babies, but they were regarded as ominous and secretly disposed of. Looking back now, it seems that the parents of these deformed babies are really close to each other, and they are often what Li Nian calls cousins.
Meng Yi, who was standing by, decided in his heart: After going back today, he must tell his brother about this matter, so as to find out if anyone in the Meng family got married to a close relative and gave birth to that deformed baby. If it is true as Li Nian said, it must be done in Meng. It is forbidden to marry close relatives in the clan.
Ying Zheng also had the same idea as Meng Yi, but his idea not only prohibited close relatives from marrying in the Qin clan, but also wrote it into the Qin laws and banned it throughout the world.
Therefore, he asked seriously: "Which close relatives did the later generations say prohibiting the marriage of close relatives?"
Li Niandao: "Direct blood relatives and collateral blood relatives within three generations are prohibited from marrying."< br>
“Direct blood relatives Refers to the blood relatives of all generations who gave birth to oneself or were born by oneself, that is, the relatives from oneself or from oneself, ranging from parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, etc., to children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc. , all are direct blood relatives.”
"Collateral blood relatives refer to relatives who have no relationship with each other but have a common ancestor, just like brothers and sisters from parents, uncles, uncles, aunts, nieces and nephews from grandparents, and cousins. , all are collateral blood relatives."
"Those born from the same parents. Those who are full-blood relatives, half-blood relatives, or half-blood relatives are not allowed to marry! "
Marriage by direct blood relatives is not common in China, and is more common among the Hu people. Tribes, and later on, Hu tribes were not common, but marriages between collateral blood relatives were more common.
For example, whether the big-faced treasure in "A Dream of Red Mansions" marries Lin Daiyu or Xue Baochai, they are all close relatives. Lin Daiyu's mother is his father's biological sister, and Xue Baochai's mother is his mother's biological sister.
After listening to Li Nian's words, Ying Zheng also realized the seriousness of the problem. According to the method of classifying collateral blood relatives, there are too many close relatives marrying in the world, especially among princes and nobles.
Unexpectedly, after the court meeting was over, he suddenly wanted to ask Li Nian when he wanted to marry Shunying, but asking these things would affect the laws of Daqin.
But if you want to use this to amend the Qin laws, you must first investigate and find out how many deformed babies are born to those who marry close relatives compared to those who marry to non-consanguineous relatives, and provide conclusive evidence. He must convince the people of the world before he can change, otherwise even if he is the Emperor of Qin, he will make the people of the world resentful:
It's good that you are the emperor, but why don't you let your cousin marry me? My cousin and I really love each other!
Suppressing his thoughts, Ying Zheng asked again: "Why are close relatives more likely to give birth to deformed babies?"
Li Nian thought for a while before explaining: "The human body has a name. Genes are what make us born in the world and make us grow up as human beings. Genes are like two long ropes inherited from our parents. There are often defects on the ropes, which are usually invisible, but they are not absent. "< br>
"If you are married to your parents' brother or sister, the defects on the rope are more likely to overlap, and they will appear, causing the rope to break, causing the child to be born with a disability. The same is true for cousins and cousins marrying, because The long ropes are too similar to each other, and the defects on the ropes are more likely to overlap."
Ying Zheng roughly understood this explanation. The weakest part of the rope was inherited by his children at the same time, causing the rope to break directly. , no longer complete, naturally born incomplete.
I thought of this before when I read historical novels, but the author almost never mentioned it. I think it is quite important for a modern person to live in the past.
(End of this chapter)