Chapter 550 Three Colors
"Where is it? I don't understand, so I asked." Zhou Zhi smiled and said: "Today is a rare opportunity, so I will lend Teacher Jiang this treasure land and this utensil to give it to Shu Yi Do it with my sworn brother and the others Doing popular science?”
“Haha, you say it.” Director Jiang smiled and said, “I’ll listen to it too.”
Zhou Zhi gently turned this exquisite Huren hug. Horn cup, even the sound seems They all became gentle: "During the Tang Dynasty, barbarians from all over the world occupied the huge market of the service industry in the Tang Dynasty. They brought delicious wine, novel musical instruments, alternative music and dance, and strange Clothing and various novel ways of playing were very popular among the people of the Tang Dynasty."
"The skilled craftsmen of the Tang Dynasty left these images on various handicrafts."
“Among them, the Tang Dynasty’s most representative ceramics in the category of ceramics is Tang Sancai.”
“Tang Sancai is a kind of low-temperature lead-glazed pottery. Lord, but the three here means more.”
“Because with the different metal oxides added to the color glaze, due to different compositions and reducing environments, they will also form. Light yellow, ocher yellow, light green, dark green, sky blue, brown red, eggplant purple and other colors. "
"Although colored glazes are applied, in the final analysis, tricolor is still a pottery body, for this reason. It depends on the firing temperature. "
"The temperature of the firing environment of pottery is generally below one thousand degrees, while the standard temperature of porcelain is above one thousand three hundred degrees."
"Of course there is a three-hundred-degree range in between. This range can be the firing temperature of low-temperature porcelain, such as the Song porcelain after the Three Colors; it can also be the firing temperature of high-end pottery, such as the firing temperature of today's purple clay electric furnaces."
“Although this type of three-color pottery was not as good as the secret color porcelain in the Tang Dynasty, , white porcelain, etc. can be used in the "Elegance Hall", but they also have other popular uses."
"Because the colored glaze coated on the pottery will undergo complex changes during the baking process. Changes. These changes include chemical changes in minerals, changes in the shades of glazes, and changes in the mutual infiltration of various glazes. . ”
“This also creates the characteristics of Tang Sancai’s mottled colors, coordinated tones, and natural and smooth patterns. In the mutual reflection of colors, it shows a magnificent and magnificent artistic charm, and also creates a kind of unique style. The aesthetic feeling of unique Chinese style. ”
“ Therefore, although its texture is brittle, its waterproof performance is poor, and its practicality is far inferior to that of celadon and white porcelain that had already appeared at that time, it has found a special market for being used in burials and also left a mark for future generations. The door is a treasure of ceramic art with unique temperament and rich categories.”
"Speaking of the three colors, Chinese people are most familiar with the Hu camel figurines and various horses, which are the most eye-catching ones in the Shaanxi Exhibition, but there is another major category, which is used for stoves, pots, pots, and statues. "
" and carefully consider the types of utensils in daily necessities. By studying a type of pottery, we can find that the carcass of this type of kaolin is actually the carcass of the five major kilns in the Song Dynasty. However, after the kiln temperature problem was solved, the pottery body was finally transformed into a porcelain body. "
"And the three-color pottery of the Tang Dynasty. Many techniques such as spotting and flowing glaze were also used by later generations. The kiln entrances such as Ding kiln and Jun kiln have been inherited, and they have gone a step further and pushed it to the pinnacle of beauty through kiln transformation."
Director Jiang took the lead in applauding: "At this level of elbow, it is incredible. It’s no problem at all for a museum guide.”
Zhou Zhi said with a smile: "But this thing is funny to say. At first in China, because everyone knew that these things were exposed objects in tombs, they were not popular at all. At the beginning, it was purely used by Chinese antique dealers to deceive Foreigners’ stuff.”
Now even Director Jiang couldn't help but become curious: "Huh? I've never heard anyone demonstrate this Longmen Array before!" "Director Jiang must know that the Tang Sancai artifacts were discovered during the exploration of the Luoyang-Kaifeng railway in 1899. It was discovered accidentally in an ancient tomb in Luoyang."
"At that time, everyone thought it was bad luck and destroyed it."
"But it was followed by Luoyang. The ancient tomb of Yang was continuously excavated, and more and more tricolor artifacts were transported to the Liulichang Antique Market in the capital by cultural relic dealers. As a result, no one cared about it."
"Until the 1920s. Wang Guowei and Luo Zhenyu, the masters of traditional Chinese culture, were visiting an antique store. In an inconspicuous corner of the store, they found several tri-colored pieces, which were identified as artifacts from the Tang Dynasty and had extremely high artistic achievements. ”
Wang Guowei and Luo Zhenyu are great Chinese scholars. Modern people only know Wang Guowei, mainly because his "Human Words" is so famous.
Luo Zhenyu’s reputation is much smaller. The main reason is that although he is very knowledgeable, he is an extreme royalist. He worked hard for the restoration of the Qing Dynasty and became a bureaucrat for Manchukuo. He was a real big man. Traitor.
But people are very contradictory. Just such a person is a famous archaeologist, paleographer, epigrapher, Dunhuang scholar, bibliographer, collationist, agriculturist, etc. in modern China. Educator, calligrapher, collector.
The main achievements of his life would be scary to say, he studied oracle bone inscriptions, discovered the Yin Ruins, founded the history of Xixia, deciphered Xixia characters, and protected Dunhuang...
His collection of calligraphy and painting, bronzes, Ancient books, bamboo slips, Ming utensils, Qing palace archives, etc. can be said to be the wealth of mountains and seas. Its collections have been compiled into "Three Generations of Auspicious Gold Documents", "Dharma Books of the Four Gentlemen of Wumen in Ming Dynasty", "Dharma Books of Famous People in Zhensong Hall", and "Gaochang Murals" Essence" and other books.
The most famous deed is that he snatched the "Secret Files of the Qing Palace" from the scrap dealer. How many are there in total? Eight thousand sacks, a total of 150,000 kilograms!
This batch of materials became the first-hand information for later generations to study the history of the Qing Dynasty. Even he himself commented very proudly: "If I ask myself about the blessings of writing in my life, it is far better than that of my predecessors. The Yinxu writing is the only one in the West. Border slips The second is, the third is the Shishi’s suicide note, and the fourth is the historical materials of the Daku.”
But we can’t talk about that now, Zhou Zhi continued to introduce: “Two masters of Chinese culture spoke highly of the three colors, which immediately triggered a round of discussion. Quotes "
"At that time, it attracted the attention of Western capitalists who had artistic accomplishments and invested in the construction of railways. They soon gained a reputation in foreign circles, and then became agents of antique dealers and stolen cultural relics for them. People came one after another, and the name of Tang Sancai was spread by these people."
"As many treasures were lost overseas, Tang Sancai became famous all over the world."
"Until now, Tang Sancai is a very popular category of Chinese ceramics in the international market. I have a Sotheby's auction album from 1989, which has a Tang Sancai Black Horse. That Dark Horse was eventually sold in London for 4,900 The transaction price was 550,000 pounds, which is 440 million yuan in RMB!"
"How much?" Gu Zhenduo could hardly believe his ears: "A black pottery horse, 4.40 million yuan! One hundred million?"
"Well, the ones in Shaanxi Expo are better than that." Zhou Zhi thought he knew what Gu Zhenduo was thinking, and said with a smile, "But the country has clear regulations. Unearthed cultural relics can only be owned by the state. Anyone who appropriates them for himself in any way is committing a crime, or at least being an accomplice.”
(End of this chapter)