Chapter 576: Colleagues
This is quite true. The main reason for the five colors of a Jun kiln is the reduction reaction of copper atoms in the glaze, which can make the glaze color rich from red and purple to blue and green. The color changes in the kiln, forming a magical change of "one color entering the kiln, and ten thousand colors coming out of the kiln".
From this point of view, the coloring of cowpea red in the Qing Dynasty was actually determined by the reduction reaction of copper ions. Although the changes are not as rich as those in Jun kiln, they are consistent in terms of the principle of glaze color.
However, the copper ions in the cowpea red glaze are much richer than those in the Jun kilns of the Song Dynasty. The objects fired are basically warm in color, with only a small number of objects with green kiln color.
Hong Liangji, a man of the Qing Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising its glaze color as "green like spring water on the first day of birth, red like morning glow about to rise." This poem is not an exaggeration to describe Jun kiln.
"If it is a serious ritual porcelain, 'Beauty Zui' is naturally inferior to 'Dahongpao' or 'Zhenghong'." Zhang Cheng looked at the pomegranate statue fondly: "But such a kiln change happened to the pomegranate statue. But it is just right, even closer to the natural color of pomegranate in terms of aesthetic achievement, a masterpiece that is half artificial and half natural. ”
"But it's even better than 'Dahongpao' or 'Zhenghong'."
Looking through the background, he couldn't help but frown: "Why is it so dirty? The balance is all blurred?" "
"It looks like old paint, or it was burned and scratched by a naughty child at home, and the result has not been cleaned up." Zhou Zhi used his own imagination.
Zhang Cheng was horrified when he heard this, and shook his head involuntarily: "What a waste of natural resources, what a waste of natural resources..."
"How about we have a bet?" Lao Chai's naughty spirit came back again.
"What are you betting on?" Zhang Cheng asked casually, his eyes still unable to leave the pomegranate statue.
"Bet on whether this porcelain has any style, and if so, what era is it from."
Seeing Zhang Cheng raise his eyes to look at him, Lao Chai quickly added: "You and Guess, let's buy a horse!"
"Test us," Lao Zhang joked, "I'm afraid you think it's a modern Jun kiln?"
"Which generation do you think the elbow is from?"
"In fact, there is nothing to break. The shape of the device is light and beautiful, the trim is regular, and the enamel is even and bright." Zhou Zhi smiled and said: "Plus the real cowpea red color The glaze formula was lost during the Kangxi Dynasty, and later imitators were In order to imitate the color changes caused by the uneven reduction state, the glaze is basically thicker, and it loses the aura that "Beauty Drunken" should have."
"This pomegranate statue is generally in line with the Kangxi Dynasty. The characteristic of thin glaze, I guess it is the Kangxi version. "I have to look at the opening." Lao Zhang took out a watch repair magnifying glass from the counter and looked at the small opening on the pomegranate statue carefully under the sunlight. Film: "Well, it is indeed a characteristic of the Kangxi Dynasty."
When I took off the magnifying glass, I saw that Zhou Zhi had already adjusted the reagents. He looked at him eagerly and couldn't help but smile: "I can barely understand it now, but if it were under the flashlight light in the middle of the night, I would never dare to take action. ”
After saying that, he stretched out his hand to touch the pair of bottles: "But you shouldn't miss this..."
"Hahahaha..." Lao Chai was as happy as if he had found a treasure: "You are the one It's not good to bully us. I didn't expect a master to come here today and let me keep busy while we start the class here!"
"Isn't that just a trick?" Zhang Cheng seems to have a good personality.
"Uncle Zhang, don't say that, I want to hear it too. Why are you so interested in Chongzhen blue and white." "Okay, let me tell you." Zhang Cheng poured tea for everyone again: “During the Chongzhen period, the Ming Dynasty’s power had declined severely. The official kilns in Jingde have been discontinued, and only the private kilns continue to produce. If the government wants to produce porcelain, it needs to customize it with the private kilns. This is the famous 'official-fired and private-fired' system in the history of ceramics."
"At that time, porcelain from private kilns was exported in large quantities, but the quality of porcelain production dropped significantly. Judging from the history of porcelain production in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chongzhen blue and white was at its lowest point from the late Wanli period to the early Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. The biggest manifestation was tire making."
"Chongzhen blue and white use kaolin to make tires, and the texture of the tires is mostly rough and loose. . The carcass is generally thick, the glaze is uneven, and the gloss is not strong. The glaze is white with greenish-gray color, and some even have cracks."
" It was not enough to cover up. It was popular at that time to apply a circle of sauce-colored glaze around the edge of the utensil, and the base of the circle was generally designed to be short. This is to visually block the exposed tire at the bottom. "
"The outer edge of the line is more turned, and there are deeper digging marks on the inner wall of the foot wall of the large bowl ring, which is called a 'two-story platform' in jargon. '. There are often knife marks on the bottom of plates and bowls, or small ledges, kiln residue, and chicken heart bulges that have not been peeled off on the soles of the feet. ”
“These are the marks left by the second turning and repairing of the tire after the tire was made, which shows that during this period, Jingde seriously regressed in the tire making process. The heavy handwork is obviously to meet the needs of large-scale folk firing. ”
"The blue and white color material used during this period was stone green. This kind of blue has a stable color, but its weakness is that the best blue and white colors are bright and green, and most of them are affected by the fineness of the craftsmanship, resulting in poor color tones. It's dim and has a halo phenomenon like Su material. ”
“Severe haloing may even affect the decoration, causing the lines of the decoration to be confused. This places strict demands on the painter, requiring more precise strokes and more accurate coloring.”
< br>“However, except for a small number of fine products, most craftsmen Human craftsmanship is not so high, so the brush strokes are often too light, resulting in glaze leakage, and some are too heavy, resulting in dark brown spots in the blue and white. "
"But it is different from the Yuan Dynasty. The Su materials from the dynasty and early Ming Dynasty were colored, and those made from stone were green. The black spots do not penetrate into the fetal bones, and there is no unevenness in the feel. "
"However, although Chongzhen blue and white has such shortcomings, it also has advantages that the two previous blue and white peaks do not have. Subject matter and pen. ”
"Because they lost the prohibition on creation in official kilns, the craftsmen of the Chongzhen Dynasty completely let themselves go, and pioneered the use of dot brushes similar to light ink in Chinese paintings. They used a large number of deformation, exaggeration or simple brushwork techniques to create bold and unrestrained paintings. Restricted and extremely poetic."
"The subject matter has also become very broad and rich in content. Literati landscape painting has become the most common subject matter in this period, and the painting style has the charm of traditional Chinese painting in the late Ming Dynasty. "
"There are many ancient poems in the pictures, and the content is full of life. Thatched cottages, thatched pavilions, boat bridges, fishermen, woodcutters, scholars, literati, historical allusions, legends of gods and monsters, opera stories, etc., are all... It became a decorative theme during this period."
Lao Zhang is definitely a master. Zhou Zhi dipped his brush in the organic solvent to apply the primer on the pomegranate statue, and listened to his explanation, nodding secretly in his heart. .
The world is so easy to follow the trend. When it comes to blue and white porcelain, it is either the Yongxuan of the Ming Dynasty or the third generation of the Qing Dynasty. Before the Guiguzi Xiashan jar was auctioned for a sky-high price, no one even wanted to see the blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty.
As an important era in the "transformation period", Chongzhen blue and white did not get its due status until many years later.
The main reason is that ordinary collectors do not study the blue and white porcelain in depth enough, and the collecting community only recognizes "era model". For porcelain that is not "era model" and famous base model, They are all put into "private kilns", but they are actually dragged down by a large number of shoddy works.
The Zhang Cheng in front of me was able to see the value of Chongzhen blue and white among the collectors, knew how to think independently, and commented so well. This attitude of treating business as a true study of knowledge has been well received by Zhou Zhi recognition.
Come together...
(End of this chapter)