Chapter 805: The way of using the brush
Zhou Zhi said: "I guess that in Zen Master Kukai's writings, there is only the way of holding the brush, but not the way of using the brush."
Goro Sakamoto and Ei Anzhai looked at each other, A look of surprise appeared on his face: "Is there any other way to use the brush?"
"Huh?" Zhou Zhi was delighted: "Of course, only the brushwork is the real essence of Er Wang's calligraphy style!"
"In fact, there are many types of calligraphy in China, such as Jin Dynasty calligraphy Commonly used in modern times, there are many distinctions: sparrow head, chicken spurs, and willow leaves. ”
"Then there is the writing method similar to the writings left by Master Kukai."
"After having these two, the next step is the writing angle and the method of handling the pen."
"Herein lies It involves a series of professional terms, so Zhang Xu said that he needs to learn from the descendants of the Second Queen, 'otherwise, how can we know the words of the ancients'"
“With the changes of the times, apart from the fact that the method of holding the pen has generally remained unchanged, changes in the pen itself and changes in the writing angle have brought about major changes in the method of holding the pen.”
“But the method of holding the pen has changed. After all, it is a kind of movement, and it cannot escape the characteristics of movement, so it does not mean that we cannot restore the ancient classic brushwork method. ”
"Therefore, for ancient brushwork, especially the brushwork of the Jin and Tang Dynasties, we must not only pay attention to learning from others, but we must not understand it too mechanically or follow the diagrams. Instead, we must master and understand it in practice."
"But overall Generally speaking, the brushwork of Jin and Tang Dynasties was indeed centered on the two kings at first. A set of technical guidelines is the crystallization of ancient classic calligraphy techniques. This is a set of basic rules for using pens. Complying with this set of rules for using pens means mastering the core of ancient calligraphy."
"Its use of pens. The core point is that there are movements such as rising, walking, and closing, including lifting, pressing, pausing, etc. The most important thing about writing techniques such as twisting, rounding, and square folding is to ensure that the center stroke is in a twisted state. Even if the side forward cuts in, the state of the pen tip must be changed immediately. Switching to the center makes the strokes full and round, and penetrates the back of the paper. , which is the so-called three-point approach to the wood. ”
Zhou Zhi Conglin. Wanqiu tore off a piece of paper from her notebook, clamped it on the cap of the rollerball pen, and then demonstrated how to write. At this time, the small piece of paper turned into an indicator. Everyone found that Zhou Zhi was imitating the copying of the Mahavamna Sutra. 》, the piece of paper actually rotated in various directions as the strokes stretched.
Zhou Zhi explained while writing: "The organic coordination of this set of movements requires long-term practice to achieve the ideal effect. However, the size of the movement and changes in strength will affect the formation of the style."
"When writing small characters, the changes in the movement of the pen will not be so drastic, but when writing large characters, you need to look for strong changes in the process of writing. No matter what font or font shape you write, you must have the above set of rules and regulations. It's just about the movement. Priorities can be lost by a slight difference in one breath."
"The writing style of the Tang Dynasty is actually different from that of the Jin Dynasty. There are also many differences between people. Jin people's brushwork is more formal and emphasizes the ancient charm, while Tang people's brushwork is more decorative and emphasizes complete technical movements."
"There are also huge differences in calligraphy before and after the Tang Dynasty. , such as the cursive scripts of Yu Shinan, Sun Guoting, Huai Su and Zhang Xu, are also very different, but they all use the center to write, with smooth blood and smooth twists and turns. Every stroke in and out is perfect, this is the biggest feature of Jin Yi in Tang Shu! "
"But this method is not clearly expressed in Zen Master Kukai's writing style, especially at the turning point. Everyone, pay attention..." Zhou Zhi turned the penholder at an angle on the glass display window, and the strokes also changed: "This is to maintain the center movement. The way the pen is turned, the pen barrel must also rotate first during the turning process of the strokes."
"Look again," Zhou Zhi wrote another stroke: "Look, this stroke only has strokes. There is no turning of the pen itself. After the turning is completed, the wrist moves back to the center, which is a bit like how we write with a pen now."
"Look again," Zhou Zhi wrote another stroke: "This stroke is simply that after the turning point, the center is not even recovered, and it is completed directly with the side peak." "The first method is very complicated and tests your skills, but The written characters are more in line with the aesthetic taste and style connotation of the Jin people who emphasize character and grace, and the Tang people who emphasize magnanimity. This is the calligraphy of the Jin and Tang Dynasties."
"Of course, calligraphy. The system is a very complex system. It does not mean that Er Wang's brushwork is to pursue the center of the stroke. On the contrary, Er Wang is also a master of using side strokes. If the side strokes are used well, it will add a beautiful temperament to the calligraphy. This is what is called in calligraphy. "Zhou Feng Qi Yan". "
"I am just giving the simplest example to explain what the 'law' and 'inheritance' of calligraphy are." Zhou Zhi took off the piece of paper from the pen barrel. , handed the pen back to Lin Wanqiu: "But from these alone, we can at least see that Zen Master Kukai's calligraphy uses the third method and the second method at more turning points. I imitate the calligraphy style of the two kings of the Jin Dynasty, but in the aspect of writing, it is still relatively monotonous, far less rich than Zhang Huai, and it is more difficult to follow the two kings. It should be because he has not been taught his method by an expert. "
see Sakamoto Goro and Anzhai Eichi's faces turned pale, and Zhou Zhi quickly said: "Of course, this does not mean that Zen Master Kukai is not a great calligrapher. On the contrary, there are many famous calligraphers in history who are not fond of the two kings. Zen Master Kukai was able to adopt the Fu Erwang knot style, but he went his own way in writing, combining the two. Hey... is the special regular script of the Japanese restaurant influenced by him? "
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Seeing that Zhou Zhi did not slander Zen Master Kukai, the two of them breathed a sigh of relief. An Zhaiying smiled and said: "Yes, that set of fonts is actually simulated from Zen Master Kukai's "Heart Sutra"."
Zhou Zhi said: " In fact, the calligraphy techniques of the Jin and Tang dynasties are not absolutely suitable for today. Many people don’t know that calligraphy underwent a major change in the Song Dynasty. "
"Mr. Xiao Zhou, what was the change?" Anzhai Yingyi asked.
"The direction of the writing surface has changed."
"What does this mean?" Anzhai Eiichi became even more confused.
"The Qin and Han Dynasties mostly wrote bamboo slips. The writer held the slips in one hand and a pen in the other. The way of writing was like this." Zhou Zhi made a gesture: "The writing surface is generally perpendicular to the ground, while the direction of the pen is generally horizontal to the ground. ”
“Including silk books, this is also the case. In the Jin and Tang Dynasties, this style of calligraphy was also preserved.”
“The double hook method was invented in the Tang Dynasty to copy famous artists. Calligraphy is to cover the calligraphy with yellow wax paper, trace the outline of the strokes on both sides through the sunlight, and fill in the middle. This is the origin of the name Double Hook. "
"This is also the same as the vertical writing of the calligraphy at that time. Adaptable to the wind."
"In line with this vertical writing method, the brushes at that time were mostly made of wolf hair, which was very elastic and could resist the gravity of the ink itself."
"It wasn't until the Song Dynasty that wooden tables and chairs became popular, and the way of writing became more common with paper spread on the table, with the writing surface horizontal to the ground and the pen barrel vertical to the ground."
"The softer brush hair was widely used at this time, and the way of writing has changed greatly. Therefore, the style after the completion of the book will inevitably have some deviation from the Jin and Tang Dynasties."
“Even the most extreme imitation will have some detailed differences due to these basic changes.”
“This can actually be regarded as a practical change that keeps pace with the times. It’s not a degeneration of art and aesthetics.” Zhou Zhi concluded: “To pursue hard tactics is to go astray.”
(End of this chapter)