Chapter 1307 Fei Guan’s Lottery
Why are the thick ones more expensive than the fine ones? Because the rough ones are the Ming Dynasty Zigang plates from the same period as Lu Zigang, and there may even be genuine Lu Zigang in them; while the two plates at the back are the famous "Qianlong Gong" from the Qing Dynasty.
It is said that Lu Zigang came from a scholarly family in the late Ming Dynasty. Due to the decline of his family or his emotional frustration, he came to Hengshan, Suzhou alone to learn how to carve jade.
The area around Xinguo Yujia Village, Hengtang Town, Hengshan was a gathering place for jade carving and crystal glasses making. Lu Zigang set up his own business after his graduation. Later, in order to take over the work of the imperial supervisor who went to Suzhou Prefecture, the workshop was Moved to Shitatou at the south entrance of Zhuanzhu Lane in Changmen Nei, and at the west entrance of Wuai Lane where Suzhou Weaving Bureau is located.
It soon became famous. According to the "Mudu Town Chronicles": "In addition to jade, its carvings include bamboo, wood, stone, and even inlays (jades and treasures). Achievement".
The jade carvings are made from carefully selected materials, most of which are sapphire and some of which are white jade. The carver is known as the "Wuzhong Unique Skill". He is excellent at raising convex patterns, hollowing out carvings, and carving negative lines. He is especially good at the technique of flat surface reduction, which can show an artistic effect similar to bas-relief.
The works imitate the Han Dynasty in many shapes and take the method from the Song Dynasty. They are quite ancient and have the artistic characteristics of empty, floating and detailed. The works are all stamped with seals, with Yang or Yin characters, and their names are "Zigang", "Zigang made" or "Lu Zigang made". This is true even if they are tributes to the emperor. Therefore, the jades made are known as Known as "Zigang Jade", people at the time compared it with Tang Bohu's paintings of ladies.
The Forbidden City has his representative works such as jade narcissus hairpin, sapphire teapot with baby playing pattern, sapphire square box with landscape and figure patterns, sapphire tablets and other items. Zhou Zhi also saw many of them with Mr. Wang.
In the Qing Dynasty, the jade-working family in Zhuanzhuxiang, Suzhou, with the most accomplished surnames such as Guo, Yao, and Gu, all enshrined them as the founders of their industry and worshiped them.
Each family imitated Lu Zigang's works one after another, just like imitation porcelain, and also left "Zigang" and other "sustenance money". By the time of Qianlong's reign, Zigang was no longer a person's name, but a personal name. It evolved into a brand, specifically referring to the works of the jade craftsmen family in Zhuanzhuxiang, Suzhou.
Zigang jade has almost become synonymous with "Su Gong".
In the tenth year of Xianfeng, when the Taiping Army captured Suzhou City, Shantang Street and Zhuanzhu Lane were burned down by the flames of war.
The people were displaced and hundreds of thousands of people in Suzhou fled. Most of Suzhou's jade workers moved to Shanghai. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, a jade office was established in Shanghai. Shanghai began to become the main production area of Su Gong's jade carvings in the late Qing Dynasty.
This is why Shanghai cultural relics stores have a particularly large collection of jade carvings from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The circulation of jade in the country is not yet banned. Those that circulate in an orderly manner can still be bought and sold in cultural relics stores. These jade articles were collected from the private sector in the early years. I don’t know how many thousands are stored in this warehouse. Thousands of items.
"This box was chosen for the exhibition held by the head office a year ago. I remember that Shudu Gongmei sent it to the exhibition this year..." Luo Qianhe introduced as he opened the box.
"Shu Capital sent the newly identified Qiong Kiln porcelain this year." Zhou Zhi said: "The inventory of Shu University Gongmei Shopping Center was re-inventory. Some of them were carved white glaze wares, flower glaze wares, green glaze wares, etc. Glaze porcelain, selected ”
"The earliest batch of porcelain was regarded as porcelain from Xing Kiln, Wuchang Kiln and Ezhou Liangzihu Kiln." Zhou Zhi said: "But with the new progress of archaeological discoveries in recent years and the new development of modern scientific analysis technology, we It was discovered that the soil and glaze of these porcelains were actually made from In Sichuan, the craftsmanship is also of the same lineage as that of the porcelain kilns in Dayi. "Therefore, these porcelains have recently been re-identified as porcelain from Qiongzhou kiln in Dayi that began to develop in the Tang Dynasty. A piece of white porcelain is collected in the Shu Museum. The lotus leaf skimming plate is a standard period device."
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"Since 1992, the Department of History of Shu University and the Dayi Cultural Management Office have discovered two kiln sites of the Sui and Tang Dynasties at the transportation company site in the northern section of Donghaogou in the county. factory, and another kiln site from the Sui and Tang Dynasties was discovered.”
“The artifacts unearthed at that time include a total of forty-nine pieces of white porcelain bowls, white porcelain cups, white underglaze green porcelain flat mouth bowls, etc., as well as seventeen complete pieces of celadon bowls, celadon goblets, celadon pourers, etc., as well as Countless damaged devices and porcelain pieces.”
“This series of archaeological discoveries are consistent with the ones excavated in the soil of Dongguanchang, Dayi by Mr. Yang Xiaogu, a cultural relics and archaeologist in the 1950s and 1960s. three years On June 4th, a statue of the kiln king was built at Yongchang kiln in Dexinli, Jinyuan County, Tang'an County. A white porcelain hanging glaze kiln king statue with twenty-seven Chinese characters, as well as fragments of a milky-white stamped plate unearthed in Huaiyuan Town, Chongzhou, and unearthed in Pucun, Guanxian County. Pink and white The fragments of plain pottery are all in the same circulation sequence."
"Mr. Yang Xiaogu found records about Yongchang kiln in ancient notebooks, which coincided with the words on the statue of the kiln king. In the Tang Dynasty, Dayi County was established. , the original name was 'Jinyuan County', which is also consistent with the archaeological excavation results of Dongguanchang. "
"In the past two years, a new kiln site was discovered at the Dayi Park Dam construction site, and a large number of damaged ceramics from the Sui and Tang Dynasties were unearthed. device. Among them, there are more than 90 porcelain bowls, as well as ear cups, goblets, amphorae, tie jars, beating bowls, and pottery lids. A record of the "Made in the Jiajing Year of the Ming Dynasty" was unearthed in West Street, Jinyuan Town. blue and white porcelain bowl, small octagonal white porcelain bowl , blue and white colored bowls and many other pieces.”
“So far, more than ten types of bowls, pots, cups, dishes, and bowls have been sorted out from the Qiongzhou kiln; white, green, and Beige, white yellow, blue and white, etc. There are a variety of glaze colors; the fetal bones are available in four types: red, gray, off-white, and white. The complete lineage from the Sui Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty proves that this kiln mouth, like other kiln mouths, has been inherited in an orderly manner. "
“One of the most prominent features of this kiln entrance is its white glaze during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which used white ash burned from ox bones, mixed with white clay, and used as cosmetic clay to brush around the utensils. After firing, the pottery with a white surface was fired. Hang the glaze to make the porcelain white or light blue-white or light yellow-white. The body is thick and the glaze is thick. It is as white as crystal. The characteristics of jade are still very obvious."
"How do you know so clearly?" The Qiong kiln porcelain presented by Gongmei this time caused a small sensation in the industry. As the saying goes, it is like "a meat bun beating a dog". Things that are targeted by the National Expo generally cannot go home.
However, Luo Qianhe, who was also in the system, was not very clear about the specific details of the discovery, but Zhou Zhi was able to explain it clearly, which surprised Luo Qianhe.
“Because I’m pretty good at appraising porcelain, and I’m also a Shu university student. There are a lot of Qiong kiln porcelain in the Shu University Museum, and all of them have archaeological records and clear dates. It’s a very good teaching material.” Zhou Zhi He said with a smile: "So I have many more opportunities to come into contact with them than others. Coupled with my previous experience in appraising porcelain, in the past two years, Shu University and Dayi Cultural Management Institute have merged I participated in the appraisal of the batch of porcelain and fragments unearthed during the excavation.”
“I have seen a lot of beautifully crafted porcelain, but I didn’t pay much attention to it at the time. Later, as I deepened my research on Qiong kiln porcelain, I began to appreciate it. The more I think about it, the more I feel that the porcelain that was previously identified as the Xing Kiln of the Five Dynasties, the Wuchang Kiln of the Song Dynasty, or even the Yue Kiln is actually more like the Qiongzhou Kiln.”
"So I went to find Manager Fei, rummaged through the Mingqian porcelain in Gongmei's warehouse, and found all the local porcelain from Qiongzhou Kiln inside."
"It turns out that Gongmei, the capital of Shu, The batch of high-quality products presented to the exhibition were all due to my brother's vision." Luo Qianhe praised: "I made a lot of money out of it. Head!"
"Before the Ming Dynasty, there was no distinction between officials and civilians," Zhou Zhi said with a smile: "The firing level of Qiongzhou kiln in the past dynasties was not very good. Got the jackpot?”
(End of this chapter)