Chapter 1425 Goryeo Porcelain
Whether it is called "Beitianmu" or "Guantai Kiln", the information brought by Ma Ye basically confirms that Zhou Zhi's discovery has been recognized by the domestic academic community.
"How is the research on spectrum here?" Master Ma asked.
"The report has come out, and it is the same as Zhou Sang's speculation." Ono Heiji said: "The result of the spectrum analysis is that the elemental composition of the northern Tianmu lamp is closer to that of the kilns in northern China, and similar to that of the kilns in the south. The difference is large, and it can be confirmed that this is a type of porcelain produced in the north."
"The next step will be a big job," Mr. Ma said with a smile, "I will remember to call the two old men soon. , they are waiting for this news.”
"Okay, we'll fight on the road later."
"What do you think of Mr. Anzhai's things?" Mr. Ma became concerned about this issue again.
"The appraisal is almost completed." Zhou Zhi said: "But you are here, just in time to help check and review."
"Let's go and have a look, I haven't opened it for a long time. It’s too big of an eye.”
When this museum was built, all of Eiichi’s important collections were handed over. There were thousands of pieces in total, but that doesn’t mean that all of them have been taken out and left behind. What I have in my hand is a lot more than this number.
After that, Anzhai's collecting career did not end, and he successively bought back many collections in the international auction market. Still adhering to his insistent taste, all of them were fine products.
When the headlights of Anzhai's private warehouse were turned on, Mr. Ma looked at the dazzling collection of goods on the shelves: "Why didn't you call me earlier..."
Although Anzhai is considered the big loser of the family, , bankrupted his own steel company, but in the end, when Osaka's financial giants collectively purchased his collection to build this art museum, they also gave him a large sum of cash, with a total value of up to 150 million US dollars at the time.
Now it seems that a large part of this money has been turned into bottles and jars here.
Most of the things here are not Chinese porcelain, but Korean porcelain.
Koryo porcelain is divided into two categories. One is the porcelain that was introduced to Koryo from ancient China and later preserved there. Most of these porcelains are Yue kiln celadon, mostly from the ninth to the eleventh century.
During this period, Goryeo also began to make its own porcelain. Among them, the emerald celadon and inlaid celadon produced in Kangjin County in South Jeolla Province and Buan County in North Jeolla Province were its main products, which were mainly exported to the Liao Kingdom. Also "anti-dumping" back to the Song Dynasty.
Since the fourteenth century, North Korea has advocated Confucianism, with Zhu Xi’s studies being the most popular. After hard white porcelain was introduced from the Yuan Dynasty, the technology is basically mature now.
At that time, the scholar-bureaucrat class in North Korea was called the "yangban" class. They often regarded simplicity and purity as the highest virtue in life, and most of them advocated the color white. In addition, the Ming Dynasty demanded a large amount of gold and silver tribute from North Korea, and the North Korean royal family began to gradually replace silverware with white porcelain, making it more popular.
As official demand increases, locally produced ceramics are in short supply. Guangzhou in North Korea became an "official kiln", and like China, a branch of the special agency "Si Jian Yuan" was set up to supervise the production.
Beginning in the 15th century, North Korea also began to imitate the Ming Dynasty and produce blue and white porcelain.
However, the Korean blue and white is much more elegant than the Ming blue and white. The early quantity was scarce, and the style imitated the blue and white of Ming Yongle and Xuande.
In the second half of the fifteenth century, North Korea began to abandon complicated patterns and replaced them with patterns with prominent themes, large blank areas, and strong freehand brushwork, forming a unique style. In the first half of the 16th century, blue and white porcelain decorations that were patterned and imitated from China were no longer common. The structure of the picture became sparse and the white space was larger. The chrysanthemum patterns and grass patterns that were popular in the middle and late Joseon Dynasty also began to appear.
It was from this time on that this kind of porcelain, characterized by white space and simple patterns, with blue and white patterns such as plants, landscapes, clouds, dragons, flowers and birds, began to be favored by the island nation. favor.
The island country calls this type of pattern "Autumn Grass Hand". Korean blue and white porcelain that can be called "Autumn Grass Hand" is different from Chinese porcelain whose patterns are mostly made by porcelain kiln craftsmen. The paintings on it are mostly by Korean court painters. The artistic level is even higher than that of Chinese blue and white paintings of the same period. It was also from that time that the island country began to have the habit of collecting Korean porcelain.
However, the good times did not last long. After the 17th century, because cobalt materials became difficult to obtain, North Korea had to use iron-containing raw materials instead of cobalt materials to paint on white porcelain. The resulting pictures were brown-black. It is called "iron painted white porcelain".
There is also a more advanced type of utensils called "zhudian sand ware" or "bright red sand ware", which are actually "cinnabar white porcelain" with cinnabar as the painting material.
On top of this, there are still a few parts that are painted with blue and white, iron painting and cinnabar, which are highly decorative and are called "three colors under glaze", reaching the pinnacle of Goryeo porcelain.
The entire history of Goryeo porcelain can be described in just a few sentences. The only thing worthy of praise is its painting level.
But to be honest, the painter is indeed quite exquisite, full of the style of "literati painting", and the style is very high.
If there were such superb painters on domestic porcelain, then perhaps there would not be a chain of discrimination in the literary and entertainment industry in the country where "those who play soft films look down on those who play hard films".
There are also a lot of Goryeo porcelain in China, but most of them are celadon, and "autumn grass hand" is extremely rare. Appraisal of Goryeo porcelain is not a thorough job in the first place, but with the principle of looking at it once, it is less important. While Ye was checking his identification results, Zhou Zhi continued to study his favorite "Autumn Grass Hands" in detail.
After all, it is so rare to have such an opportunity.
In fact, this appraisal also provides an important opportunity for gaining experience, which is to become familiar with the documents and procedures of international auction houses.
In the collection room, each collection has its own independent packaging. Some of these packages are very old and are also considered cultural relics.
Some of the packaging is brocade baggage, and some are wooden boxes, with ink marks on them, describing the origin of the artifact, the person who handled it, its value when it was received, etc.
Most of these items were bought from international auctions. In addition to the original packaging, there are also customs declaration documents, customs fire seals, and even the earliest auction houses sent to Anzhai. A complete set of supporting materials such as brochures and brochures.
With these things, Zhou Zhi understood many details about international auctions. He also understood more details about how Hanhai Auction House purchased cultural relics from overseas after he handed over the entrustment to Lin Wanqiu. It can be regarded as making up for my last shortcoming in this area.
There are many things that I didn’t know before. For example, international auction houses will give bidders a “credit score”. The rules for this score are very complicated. Economic strength is only one of them. In addition, there are also Collections owned, performance in previous auctions, status in the collecting community or academic circles, etc., all must be included in the credit score.
This credit score involves many rights of the bidders and will be directly linked to the amount of deposit paid. People like Eiichi Anzhai can even participate in the auction without insurance.
This is the status of Jianghu.
(End of this chapter)