Chapter 1491 How important is the Three Gorges Culture
The collections here are not only rich, but also have continuity in the history of the collections.
There are a large number of fossils in the museums in the Three Gorges region, including hundreds of species including Gigantopithecus buxianus, Chinese Mastodon, Pre-Oriental Stegodon, Saber-toothed Tiger, Bihorned Rhinoceros, and small species of giant panda.
The most important thing is a fossil found in Longgupo, Wushan. It is the earliest human being excavated in China. It dates back about two million years. It was later revised to 2.14 million years ago and was named "Wushan people".
Here in Hubei Province, there is a "Yun County native", and there are two relatively complete skulls.
The importance of the Yunxian Man lies in the fact that the time period during which humans evolved to Homo erectus was between 300,000 and 2 million years ago.
In this region of East Asia, Yuanmou Man is 170 years old. One hundred thousand years ago, the Lantian people lived from 1.6 million to 1.2 million years ago.
Beijing people date back to 800,000 years ago.
After Yunxian Man appeared, everyone found that he was about one million years ago, which just filled the long evolutionary gap between Yuanmou Man, Lantian Man and Peking Man in East Asia. The research value and status of alternatives.
By the time we entered the Paleolithic Age, the Three Gorges Civilization had continued uninterrupted from 8,000 to 4,200 years ago.
In this "civilization corridor", the Nanmuyuan Culture about 8,000 to 7,000 years ago, the Liulinxi Culture about 7,000 to 6,000 years ago, the Daxi Culture about 6,200 to 5,000 years ago, and the Qu Culture about 5,000 to 4,500 years ago have been discovered. Jialing Culture, Shijiahe Culture temple type between 4500 and 4200 years ago.
As we enter the pre-Qin, Spring and Autumn, and Warring States periods... more and more cultural relics and cultural relics have been discovered.
And during this period, many evidences of cultural integration and conquest can be found, as well as a very important branch of knowledge in archeology - comparative studies.
For example, the Bawang Chimes in Xiaotianxi have a Chu-style overall style, but the decoration shows the characteristics of Ba culture. The two sections of the chime's wooden frame and the top of the column are not decorated with the phoenix bird admired by the Chu people, but with tiger head-shaped decorations.
For example, there are many similarities in the folk customs and costumes of the two ethnic groups. Both ethnic groups are good at fishing and hunting; both are good at making bamboo and lacquerware; the Chu people are good at witchcraft, while the Ba people believe in ghosts and gods.
In the later period, the two gradually began to merge. Among the cultural relics of the Warring States Period unearthed in various places, there are often lacquer wood wares such as "tiger seat with phoenix hanging on it" and "crouching tiger with phoenix standing". The characteristics of the artifacts confuse the Bachu cultural customs and habits. The characteristics are clearly revealed.
However, what is even more interesting is that many artifacts in Chu culture show phoenixes stepping on tigers, while in Ba culture, tigers are extremely noble and noble, and other animals will never be allowed to step on tigers. . What is shown here are the different results of development after cultural integration, as well as the strength and weakness of the nation.
After that came the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms...until the modern cultural relics stored here - "Yiling" was established as a port after the country's closed door in the late Qing Dynasty was bombarded by the powerful ships and cannons of the great powers. "Guan" stone carvings.
The ship began to turn around when it arrived in Yichang. On the way back, the thoughtful summary report was completed.
"It's really hard for you." Lin Wanqiu looked at Zhou Zhi's report: "I can give you ten points about the value of the cultural relics of the Three Gorges ruins."
"If I really want to finish writing, there will be more than ten items." Zhou Zhi pretended to be modest: "Pick up the important ones and write them down. If you have any additional comments, I will add them in."
"You can be proud of it." Mr. Li Sanxiao said: "Our expertise is not in this."
"It's also everyone's credit. I just made a summary of the information collected by everyone." All the friends held a report in their hands. Fang Wenyu took the report and read seriously: "One, six More than a dozen Paleolithic sites and paleontological fossil sites (including 1 Four Paleolithic cultural sites have not been disturbed and are particularly important), including the rare open-air stone tool making workshop of the Late Paleolithic in Gaojia Town, Fengdu. Many sites contain a large number of large chopping tools with the characteristics of the Paleolithic in southern China. , scraper, is the solution to my country’s Paleolithic culture An important area dividing the north and south. "
"Two, more than 80 Neolithic Age sites are responsible for dividing the east and west cultural systems from the Jianghan Plain in the Yangtze River Basin to the west of the Three Gorges and the Sichuan Basin. key areas of the boundary.”
“3. More than 100 ancient Ba people’s sites and cemeteries, including the political, economic and cultural center of the Ba people during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and the Ba king’s cemetery from the late Warring States period to around the Qin Dynasty, are key to unlocking the history of the ancient Ba people. The main locations of the mystery.”
“Four, dozens of places can illustrate the entry of Chu and Qin culture into the Three Gorges. Sites and cemeteries of the regional historical process. The Chu culture entered the Xilingxia area to Zigui in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, and reached the Zhongxian area during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The Qin people captured the Chu State in 278 BC. At the time of Yingdu, it occupied the entire territory of the Three Gorges."
"More than four hundred and seventy Han dynasties. The ruins and cemeteries of the Six Dynasties, including Yufu County and Quren County in the Han Dynasty, are important locations that illustrate how the Central Plains culture and the local Ba culture gradually merged."
"Six or six ancient dry water inscriptions. and dozens of flood inscriptions since the Song Dynasty, a rare ancient stone hydrological record corridor. Among them, Baiheliang is known as the world's first ancient hydrological station."
"7. Two stone towers from the Eastern Han Dynasty and dozens of cliff statues, tablets, and cliff poetry inscriptions from the Tang Dynasty. Some of the world-famous precious works of art can illustrate important local historical situations. ”
"8. Nearly 300 buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties, including temples, ancestral halls, residences, bridges, etc., combined with the natural scenery of the Three Gorges, are the gathering points of natural scenery and traditional culture."
"9. Ancient buildings Plank roads and towpaths are the largest ancient shipping relics in the world."
"10. A large number of folk cultural relics of Tujia and other ethnic groups are the revitalization of the four thousand years of Ba culture and other relics that continue to this day. "Shi."
"Huh?" Wei Fei asked: "It seems we haven't investigated this item before?"
"Hi!" Zhou Zhi shook his head: "Didn't we stop at Badong on the way? But when we arrived in Yiling, Director Gao told me that Badong is not only an ethnic minority area, but also an important discovery site."
"There is the earliest discovered site in the Three Gorges - the Nanmuyuan site. It was discovered by Nelson, an American who came to the Three Gorges to investigate in 1926."
"In addition, there are also the Flame Stone site and the Xishangkou site. Wait.”
“The many bronzes from Ba that we saw in Yiling, They were all discovered in Badong, and there are many relics of Ba in the customs and culture of local ethnic minorities."
Actually, there is something that Zhou Zhi is embarrassed to say. The reason why curator Gao did it. The reason why I talked to him about the importance of Badong was because Zhou Zhi discovered several pieces of porcelain in the Yiling Museum.
This belongs to his professional field. Zhou Zhi recognized it at a glance and was shocked. This thing was one of the five famous porcelains of the Southern Song Dynasty - official kiln porcelain!
After further inquiry, it turned out that a fairly complete ancient county seat of the Song Dynasty was excavated in Badong a few years ago, which was during the period when Kou Zhun was the county magistrate here. That excavation was very important for the study of the county-level ruling areas of the Song Dynasty. Planning, institutional settings, city layout, etc. provide important evidence.
Compared to those archaeological discoveries, a few pieces of official kiln porcelain are nothing!
(End of this chapter)