Chapter 1516: The Prudence of the Great Masters
"As for the variations of the heart, we are familiar with the "忄" next to the vertical heart and "忄" at the bottom of the vertical heart, and "忄" at the bottom of the word "Gong". In the era of seal script, these hearts were complete. "The shape of the heart."
"In the official script era, the heart, as the left radical, was squeezed into a long strip. The "心" in his position has undergone a great deformation. There are two reasons. First, after the "心" transformation, the font itself became flat and long. If it is used as the radical of the left and right structural characters, the entire font will inevitably become Secondly, for the convenience of writing, the curved hook in the middle of the word "心" has become vertical, which undoubtedly reduces the writing trajectory. This is for convenience. "
"The only radical that is not deformed should be the bottom of the upper and lower structures that support the upper part of the character. They occupy half of the square characters and are enough to show their strokes. . However, in the pursuit of faster running script and cursive script, will the bottom of the character also be deformed? "< br>
While explaining, Zhou Zhi began to write the four words "Thoughts of Loyalty and Forgiveness", from small seal script to official script to regular script, and then to running script or cursive script. The bottom of the word "heart" gradually changed from the shape of a lotus to It became an ordinary heart character, then turned into a wavy line during the rapid brush strokes, and finally turned into a horizontal line.
"Look! At this time, the heart has become a horizontal line."
"This provides an idea for cursive regular script." Zhou Zhi said: "If it is a simple Chinese character, in the regular script form, It is rare to use a horizontal line to replace the bottom of the word "心". He added a horizontal line under the word "田" and shook his head: "It really doesn't look good."
Just in everyone's In the midst of laughter, Zhou Zhi wrote the three words "Ning", "Worry" and "Qing", and then wrote a variant of the character with a horizontal line instead of heart next to it: "But in more complex glyphs, this kind of thing often happens. Substitution does not destroy the beauty of calligraphy, what do you think?”
Zhou Zhi is a master of calligraphy. Showing off his chalk calligraphy every time he attends class is also one of the highlights of the class "Oracle Bone Inscription Appreciation".
Now everyone compares it and feels that what he said makes sense. In these three words, replacing the heart with a horizontal line not only does not affect the font style, but adds a sense of simplicity and change.
“What I just said are all theories, but what we can imagine, would the ancients have thought of it?”
While everyone was discussing privately, Zhou Zhi directly gave a positive answer Answer: "The answer is of course yes."
"The earliest cursive regularization that can be found so far The word 'love' is recorded in the "Kou Ping Epitaph" of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the "Cui Qin Statue Stele" of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which dates back more than 1,500 years ago. "
"The two inscriptions were recorded at the same time. It is the second year of the Great Wei Dynasty, which is enough to show that this change was considered a "new trend" in Wei stele at that time."
"Later on, there were more such uses. For example, in Ming Dynasty Wen Zhengming's "Lotus Society Illustrated Notes" book stickers, he used both love writing methods, and others such as the Song Dynasty's new edition of Ancient Women's Biography, and many more This is used in engraving books "Vulgar characters" "
" Moreover, these popular books are particularly fond of the regular cursive writing method of love, and even invented a new variation, which is to add a dot on the upper right side of the character "Friends". Become '箮'"
“This last method of writing was used in the ‘Dear and Sincere’ inscription written by Kai Gongshen for the Whampoa Military Academy. I believe it is easy to find information on the island.”
“So this A classmate, written in cursive script The word "love" is not only found in simplified Chinese characters, it is also found on your island."
There began to be gentle laughter in the classroom, and then it turned into applause, even from Baodao. The teachers all joined in the applause.
The girl from before stood up again, blushing and bowing to Zhou Zhi: "Thank you, teacher, for the 'Dear and Sincere' inscription you mentioned, we will go back and check it after class, but I still have one question to ask, that That's why the four points of the characters for fish, fishing boat, and fish are all simplified into a horizontal line, but the characters for 'bear', 'ran', and 'burn' are not simplified. ? "They are all four points, some are simplified and some are not. Doesn't it seem a bit casual?"
"This question is very good" Zhou Zhi did not reveal it. There was no hint of dissatisfaction, but he expressed great appreciation for the girl's question, and even lightly clapped twice, making the Baodao girl's face even redder.
“If we look at the oracle bones of fish, we can know that the field in the middle is the body of the fish, with the dorsal fin on top and the pectoral and pelvic fins on the bottom.”
“The biggest feature of the dorsal fin is that it will The pectoral and pelvic fins are simplified into one horizontal line. First of all, it does not affect the general characteristics of the characters. Secondly, this writing method often appears in running script and cursive script. Now it is completely feasible to regularize the cursive script. "< br>
"But bear can't." Zhou Zhi wrote the word "can" on the blackboard, and then added three dots below: "Because there is another character in our Chinese characters that is very close to bear, but below it is three dots. The pronunciation is 'mud'."
"It is said that after Gun was killed, he became Huang Neng and sank into Yuyuan."
"If you simply simplify the four points into one horizontal line, Then there is no way to distinguish between Xiong and Neng. "
"Why not simplify the four-point base of the character "ran"? Because it is a pictophonetic character, and the four-point base of the character "鱼" carries this important information. It's 'Xing Pian', which is a variation of fire."
"If you simplify it simply, the important information in this text is just like what the male classmate just made fun of. Lost.”
"This is the reason why the four points of 'Xiong', 'Ran', and 'Ran' have not been simplified. This is not the result of the simplification plan being hasty and careless, but on the contrary, it is the result of the great efforts and thorough thinking of the forefathers. An expression of seriousness and responsibility for Chinese civilization and writing.”
The classroom burst into warm applause again.
“Generally speaking, the simplification of Chinese characters and common sayings is itself a manifestation of adaptation to use and dissemination, and this method does not only exist in New China, but also existed from Pre-Qin to the Republic of China, almost throughout the From the birth of writing to the entire time period until today"
"But the most successful can be. It has been recognized twice. "
"The first time was when Qin unified the six countries and adopted Qin Xiaozhuan as the standard font throughout the country. Compared with the previous scripts of various countries that were developed from oracle bone inscriptions, Qin Xiaozhuan was also Many reasonable simplifications and mergers were carried out, which was the first large-scale and successful text innovation. ”
"The second time was the "General List of Simplified Chinese Characters" implemented in my country in 56 years, which played a decisive role in rapidly popularizing cultural learning in the country and improving the cultural quality of the entire nation."
"Times" To this day, because I don’t understand, don’t understand, and don’t study the plan at that time, this plan often fails. It is often stigmatized by some people. They want to use this method to show that they behave idiosyncratically, think independently, and show the so-called "character" of "everyone is drunk but I am sober". In fact, it is just to attract publicity. ”
(End of this chapter)