Chapter 1572 Understand the advantages of soft films
According to documentary records, in the third year of Zhengtong, private kilns were prohibited from firing blue and white porcelain with the same style as official kilns; in the sixth year of Zhengtong, Jingdezhen was ordered to make white porcelain jars with golden dragons and golden phoenixes. Nine dragons, phoenixes and blue and white vats; in the 12th year of Orthodoxy, private kilns were not allowed again There is a ban on privately manufacturing yellow, purple, red, green, blue, blue and white porcelain; in the fifth year of Jingtai, there is a record of reducing the number of porcelain made in Raozhou by one-third; in the first year of Tianshun, a middle-ranking official was sent to Jingdezhen to supervise the firing of porcelain In the third year of Tianshun, there was an order to reduce the original production of more than 133,000 pieces of porcelain by 80,000.
Judging from the above-mentioned documentary records, both official and private kiln wares were fired in Jingde during this period, but this is not absolutely the case.
In a sense, very few of the blank period and Chongzhen blue and white porcelains have chronological and hall inscriptions, and the craftsmanship is not inferior to that of official kilns, so they should be counted as "quasi-official kilns" of these eras. ”, and is also the “standard determiner” of these eras.
Because it has not been taken seriously for a long time, and even now it is not taken seriously enough. It is cheap and easy to collect. Zhou Zhi specially opened up a special project for his collection, which can be regarded as collecting, learning and researching at the same time. .
Because I am a researcher of ancient porcelain, I got started quickly. Now I have summarized many methods of identification and appreciation. I have also published seven or eight papers. I can basically be called an authority in this field.
As for Zhou Zhi’s other skills, the elders here don’t know how he learned them, but for the appraisal of blue and white porcelain during the period, everyone almost watched Zhou Zhi start out as an interested person and gradually get started. , and finally reached the expert level in less than two years. I can't help but admire that this guy is almost the type of "grandmaster rewards rice".
The topic opens up. With an expert in this field, everyone will have many and professional questions.
The biggest problem is the comparison between blank period blue and white and Yuan blue and white.
Everyone chatted while eating and drinking, carefully considering the soil, glaze color, tire repair, pedicure, glaze color, sintering temperature, opening, blue and white color, flint red on the bottom, and the most important thing is the painting skills. Let’s talk about the characteristics of the times in detail.
Each period has its own painting characteristics and style. Future generations can imitate the previous generation, but the previous generation cannot imitate the later generations.
If you hold a Yuan blue and white bottle and say it is Chongzhen sustenance style, it is possible; but if you hold a Chongzhen blue and white style bottle and say it is Yuan blue and white, it is a pure joke.
For example, the blue and white color of blank period porcelain ranges from rich and bright to blue and grayish. The rich and colorful ones are made from the sumac blue cobalt material stored in Xuande, which also has rust spots; while the blue and grayish ones are It is China’s local cobalt material.
Since the materials used cannot be completely distinguished, we must start with other characteristics.
Especially the painting method.
The painting techniques of this period mostly adopted the one-stroke pointillism technique of the early Ming Dynasty, and the brushwork was extensive, especially the center strokes, which were characteristic of the times.
The picture is simple, the layout is clear, and the space is large. Since the Jingtai Dynasty, geometric patterns have decreased, while painting elements have gradually increased, and the transition from the denseness of the Xuande Dynasty to the sparseness of the Chenghua Dynasty began. Most of them are about characters and stories, and others use entwining flower patterns. The paintings are not detailed, but relatively smooth.
The most commonly used pattern decorations are folded flowers and grass patterns and entangled branches. In addition to dragon and phoenix patterns, auspicious animal patterns such as unicorns and peacocks are also commonly used in animal patterns. The use of astrology charts is also relatively common. , and all have their own characteristics.
For example, banana leaf patterns are mostly connected with arc-shaped wide edges, the main veins are left blank, and the branch veins are drawn as parallel thin diagonal lines;
Pine needles are round in the early stage and oval in the later stage.
In the early stage of the plum blossom, there are many buds and half-opened small flowers, while in the later stage, there are several large flowers. In the early days of bamboo, the bamboo poles were drawn with an empty outline, but later they were changed to a solid line.
The willow branches of this period were drawn in straight lines, like intermittent raindrops.
The most distinctive feature is the extensive use of cloud patterns. The clouds in the paintings often fill the sky, or rise from the ground, lingering between the pavilions, creating an atmosphere that is both fairy and fantasy.
The outline of the cloud pattern is very wide. Use fine strokes along the inside of the thick line to draw several connected arc-shaped cloud patterns or swirling clouds. This painting method of large flowing cloud patterns evolved after Jingtai. It is spring-shaped, and the brushwork is more aggressive and unbridled, with more layers.
This painting method was named "Yuntang Hand" by Zhou Zhi and was unique to the Three Dynasties. In addition, there are three-eyed tadpole cloud patterns, "ren"-shaped Ganoderma lucidum cloud patterns, and the combination of "ren" character clouds and tadpole clouds arranged into the character "qi".
Curly flower and grass patterns can often be seen on the edges of bowls and plates, shaped like threads, which is also a typical pattern of blue and white decoration in folk kilns of the Three Dynasties.
Everyone here is an expert in identifying the base glaze. By adding the painting characteristics, you can basically identify the blank period blue and white porcelain.
Lao Wang smiled and said: "There is an old saying in the literary and entertainment industry, that is, those who play soft films look down upon those who play movies. To be honest, this is not unreasonable at all."
“It’s certainly not easy for painting and calligraphy to become the top category in the collection.” Mr. Sun nodded: “If you understand it, it will certainly be easier to identify porcelain. You also know how to repair paintings, and by the way, you are also proficient in miscellaneous items. ”
Zhou Zhi quickly waved his hand: "I can't even talk about it. The most I dare to say is that I am familiar with the forty-five items in the study and the bits related to calligraphy and painting binding among miscellaneous items. To be proficient, I have to be Mr. Wang, and Mr. Geng and Mr. Guo from Rongbaozhai can't even imagine how they accumulated their fortune. I can’t finish learning.”
Speaking of several old men in the capital, everyone admires them, and there are many stories about them. For example, Mr. Geng personally came to Sichuan to participate in the group of Suizhou Goldfish Village. The appraisal of porcelain pushed the shape of the lotus leaf general jar to the Southern Song Dynasty, and it was mainly based on the appraisal opinions of the old man.
The final science and technology also proved that the old man’s vision was correct.
The citizens’ auction in the afternoon was also fun, but there weren’t many real cultural items. Firstly, the good stuff couldn’t be put on the table and the broken stuff couldn’t get the price. Secondly, the stuff wasn’t big enough to go anywhere. Publish picture albums and the like in advance for potential collectors to take a good look at. People sitting far away can’t see clearly, and they don’t dare to sell even good things.
So it is basically a "blind marriage and dumb marriage". You have to completely trust the host's introduction. There is basically no lively market.
Compared with these small porcelains, the works of contemporary young and middle-aged painters in Sichuan are quite popular.
In addition to these works coming from Shudu Painting Academy and Jiazhou Painting Academy, Shu University, Mingyuan, and various normal schools, there are art departments and art teachers. Some teachers are not weak in skills, and some of the works are very authentic.
The rich freehand style of Zhang Daqian and Xu Beihong of Jiazhou Painting Academy, and the fine brushwork of several teachers from Shu University are all excellent in Zhou Zhi’s eyes and have great collection potential. The current price is generally very low, and a painting is only one It's about a hundred yuan, and it's hard to exceed two hundred even if you add a few lots.
However, Zhou Zhi did not take action. It was too easy for him to want this kind of painting. He could go directly to the art department or several art academies to find teachers to customize it. There was no need to compete with the citizens here, just watch it happily. Just fine.