Chapter 1617 The Unpopular Colorful Porcelain


Chapter 1617 The Unpopular Colorful Porcelain

After a conversation, Zhou Zhi had a good idea of ​​Old John’s eagerness.

This is also a matter of course.

The production of Chinese colored porcelain has developed into the Ming and Qing dynasties and entered a new historical stage, which is now on par with blue and white porcelain. In particular, the production level of the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong dynasties of the Qing Dynasty was at its peak, marking another peak in the development history of Chinese porcelain.

The so-called multicolored porcelain uses main colorants such as copper, iron, cobalt, manganese and other mineral materials, and is fired at low temperature. It is a representative variety of low-temperature secondary molding porcelain.

Colorful porcelain colors are divided into two types: underglaze and overglaze. Commonly used colors include red, yellow, green, purple, ocher, black, etc. The so-called five colors do not mean that five colors appear at the same time, but a variety of colors, but among them there must be red to be five colors.

The term "five colors" appeared in the late Ming Dynasty. Starting from the Hongwu overglaze red color, it developed to Chenghua yellow over red color, and then to the combination of red, green, yellow, purple, etc., the colors began to transform from light and elegant to strong.

Engraving and coloring appeared again in Hongzhi, and white ground and five colors appeared in Zhengde. By Jiajing, it was almost fully mature. The colors of official kiln porcelain were richer than those of the previous dynasty, with red, green, yellow, ocher, and purple being mostly used. , peacock blue and other colors. The red color is "jujube skin red"; the green color is malachite green, which is divided into dark green and light green; the purple color is gorgeous ocher purple; and the yellow color is like beeswax.

Not only official kilns, but also private kilns have begun to produce multicolored porcelain in large quantities. Both their quality and firing quantity are impressive, and they are famous for their colorful colors, creating a new situation in the production of multicolored porcelain.

The types of utensils also began to develop towards larger ones. Large jars, large vats, large plates, flower pots, etc. were common at this time.

After the war, during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, glaze multicolored porcelain continued to be fired on the basis of the Ming Dynasty, and some innovations were made. During the Kangxi period, another major breakthrough occurred in multicolored porcelain.

Because the previous five colors, the hook lines and the blue part were fired together when firing the white body, which is equivalent to firing blue and white porcelain first, and then adding other colors for a second low-temperature firing , so it is also called "underglaze blue and white five colors", or "blue and white five colors".

In the Kangxi Dynasty, due to the invention of over-glaze blue color, the under-glaze blue and white technique that had been used in the Ming Dynasty began to be replaced.

The successful creation and firing of overglaze blue colors basically changed the situation in which blue and white colors dominated the Ming Dynasty. Although the colorful colors of this period are still divided into over-glaze colorful colors and blue and white colorful colors. But the five colors on glaze best reflect and represent the artistic achievements and characteristics of Kangxi's five colors.

The green material used at this time is Zhuming material from Yunnan, which is bright and green in color. Not only is the blue color thicker and brighter than blue and white, but the production technology of other color materials has also become superb. The colors are bright and transparent, the decorations are gorgeous, the painting lines are strong and powerful, and it has a very high artistic level.

In a sense, the multicolored porcelain produced during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty is multicolored porcelain in the true sense.

At this time, the five colors were painted with a variety of colors. The official kilns were famous for their regular drawing and delicate brushwork, while the folk kilns were famous for their thick and bright glaze colors and fresh and lively painting ideas. The picture appears calm, warm and not impetuous, which is its distinctive feature.

In addition, black color has also begun to be added to multicolored porcelain, and is mostly used to draw branches of trees, leaf veins of flowers, mountains and peaks, people's eyes, buns, decorative streamers, shoes, etc. Later, It is also used to draw outlines of patterns, local dots or fragments of pictures, and finally developed to be used on a large scale. A layer of glass white is applied on the black color to make the black color appear darker and brighter.

The contrasting effect of black color can make the picture more gorgeous.

The rich colors also make the picture more realistic and realistic. In addition, gold color was widely used in five colors, making Kangxi's five colors more magnificent.

So the real prosperous period of overglaze multicolor came, and successively developed white ground multicolor, blue ground multicolor, blue ground gold multicolor, rice ground multicolor, red ground multicolor, blue ground multicolor, ink ground multicolor, Ge glaze multicolor, and brocade ground consecration. Peak works such as five colors fully demonstrate Kangxi's outstanding multi-color painting art and manufacturing technology. As this technique was introduced to the people, folk kilns also began to fire this new type of multicolored porcelain in large quantities. The range of multicolored porcelain is becoming wider and wider, not only on porcelain used for furnishings, but also for daily use. .

As small as daily bowls, dishes and plates, as large as vases, incense burners, pen holders and other utensils. In the later period, the Guanyin Zun and Fengwei Zun, which far exceeded the Jiajing level, appeared, which fully demonstrated the beauty of multicolored porcelain.

The creative themes have also become more colorful with the popularity of colorful porcelain among the people.

The increase in colors has expanded the maneuverability of craftsmen in drawing themes, and the richness of patterns also better expresses the colors.

The decorative themes of Kangxi multicolored porcelain include plants and flowers, flowers, birds, fish and insects, and landscape figures. The Qianlong Dynasty liked full and magnificent decorations. All decorative patterns must have auspicious meanings and leave no blank space.

With the increase of the citizen class, colorful porcelain with historical stories and novel themes has become more and more popular among private collectors. For example, classic passages from "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "The Romance of the West Chamber" will be used as themes for colorful porcelain decorations.

The most famous decoration of the Kangxi Dynasty is the "Man with Sword and Horse", and the style of painting was also greatly influenced by the late Ming Dynasty painter Chen Laolian. The Kangxi Dynasty was not far away from the era when the Qing Dynasty opened up new territories. The Manchus were a people on horseback before entering the customs. Therefore, the admiration for "sword and horse people" has obvious characteristics of the times. This is the reality of the spiritual world of the nomadic people. Portrait.

The porcelain patterns of the Qianlong Dynasty were popularly borrowed from literati painting themes or folk custom stories, such as Fisherman's Playhouse, Seven Sages in the Bamboo Forest, Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea, etc. Some of these patterns reflect the peaceful and peaceful mood of the literati, while others reflect the beautiful expectations and wishes of the people, embodying people's beautiful feelings.

However, since the five-color porcelain must use outlines as the skeleton, most craftsmen pay attention to the vigorous and vigorous techniques when painting. Even if it is a literati painting subject, the multi-colored porcelain is both in shape and decoration. You can all see the masculine beauty of the Eastern peoples.

This makes even the official kiln wares and the five colors of Kangxi show a "folk kiln flavor", and the folk kilns are completely free of themselves, and become a bit rough and concise in terms of artistic taste.

Compared with the gradual emergence of pastel colors and expensive and fine enamel colors during this period, the five-color system is obviously not in line with the aesthetics of foreigners.

So Old John had a lot of colorful porcelain in his hands. He finally found a guest who was okay with this, so he immediately took the sheep and began to eat it vigorously.

So yesterday the two of them rummaged around in the warehouse for a long time, and Zhou Zhi picked up another super big leak. In addition to the Kangxi colorful, Zhou Zhi even found a Chenghua green ground glitter yellow Luan Feng piercing Baoxianghua There is a "yellow on red" large plate, a Jiajing plain three-color character story painting vat, and a Wanli blue and white glaze multi-color Kunyang story general cover vat.

In addition, there are Shunzhi multicolored dragon pattern pen holder, five early Kangxi hard color December flower cups, an early hard color maid flower picture, four early Three Kingdoms drama tiles, and a mid-term flower and bird picture of wildflowers. , there is also a late colorful insect bamboo and chrysanthemum plate, and a monk's hat pot with Kui dragon pattern, peony and lotus.

The ones above are all official kiln wares, and folk kiln wares such as a set of four pieces, a hundred bats and a hundred sesame dishes; a full bed wat, a story about the West Chamber, fisherman's music, farming and weaving pictures, grass and insects, flowers and birds, clouds and dragons, landscapes, Eight Immortals celebrating their birthdays, and eight treasures. There are dozens of pieces of porcelain from various eras, such as ancient, ancient, and flower-twisting, with various themes, various coloring systems, and various types of vessels.

This large purchase cost Zhou Zhi more than 5,000 US dollars, which directly added an extra series to Zhou Zhi’s collection.

Of course, Old John’s colorful porcelain wealth was emptied out, and it also solved the big problem that Old John had been having for many years. He was immediately listed as a VIP of Seidenberg Antiques.

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