Chapter 1630 Thirty-two Cups of the Four Qing Dynasties in the Ming Dynasty
Another important specific reason is that Tang Ying grew old after the 21st year of Qianlong. From then on, more and more high-end white porcelain for painting and enamel was introduced. However, it was completely discontinued in the late period, and Qing Palace Enamel Painting finally ended its glorious and short artistic life.
In the later period, enamels were also used in official kilns such as Jiadao, but they were limited to edge decorations or partial use, and they were all imitations of Jingde firing. Compared with the porcelain body painted enamelware produced by the palace enamel maker, Not even a little bit.
Fortunately, if you are poor, you will change, and if you change, you will be successful.
One of these three cups is in the shape of a horseshoe cup, one is a lotus seed cup, and one is a goblet. All three are traditional tribute porcelain styles, and the patterns are also inherited from the Sanduo during the Kang and Yong periods. Cups and other patterns, but the color material has changed to the pastels of Dacheng in the Qianlong Dynasty.
In fact, pastel has been invented since the Yongzheng Dynasty, and the effect of later painting has been comparable to that of enamelware. However, the reason for the improvement in quality is not from the improvement of color materials, but from the greatly improved quality of the ware. An excellent white base is called "Glass White".
With the glass white base, the painted effect of porcelain can rival that of enamel wares, which not only greatly reduces the cost, but can also be produced directly in Jingde.
Since then, the expensive and mysterious enamel was quickly replaced. The once glorious enamel withdrew from the stage of history. Pastel porcelain began to show strong vitality and broad development prospects in the Qianlong Dynasty, becoming The mainstream of colored porcelain was not only produced in official kilns, but also in private kilns.
Although the cost has been reduced, the craftsmanship of the tribute porcelain in the official kiln is still not sloppy at all. Although the three cups are all pastel, they have their own characteristics.
The goblet has a traditional Fulian pattern. The bottom is a bright yellow cloud plate pattern, filled with pastel. Above it is a green banana leaf pattern and a blue banana fan pattern surrounding the cup base. The upper circle is bright red, and continuing upward is a pink palindrome on a yellow ground. Several patterns fill the base of the cup.
The bottom of the cup is a three-color lotus seat of yellow, green and pink. There is a circle of pink and a circle of yellow on it. It passes from the bottom of the cup to the side. The upper and lower sides are separated by Kui patterns and Kui pattern ring patterns. Lotus and passionflower are used in the middle. , Fulian is filled in a loop, and finally the upper and lower cup rims and bottom rims are outlined with thin red lines to separate the upper and lower patterns, leaving a white rim.
The inside of the cup is white, and there is a Fulian pattern on the bottom that is consistent with the color and pattern of the cup body.
All patterns are outlined using the "rolling and coloring" process. First, fine patterns are carved on part or all of the object's color ground, and then various patterns are added. This process It is difficult and labor-intensive, and looks magnificent, so it is called the "icing on the cake".
If there is still a blank space in this goblet, the remaining two pastel cups are completely filled with color.
The Lotus Seed Cup has a closed mouth and looks like a lotus seed from the side, hence its name. The craft used in this cup is a very traditional porcelain painting craft of the Qianlong Dynasty, which is called "Ten Thousand Flowers Never Fall to the Ground".
Ten thousand flowers never fall to the ground means that the picture is composed of various flowers. The flowers are so dense that the color of the base of the cup cannot be seen, hence the name.
The color used is even more colorful. The inside and bottom of the cup are also filled with beautiful turquoise green. There is no more white glass on the whole cup. This kind of porcelain has another name, called "green" "Inner ware", also known as "Green Inner Pastel".
The last remaining horseshoe cup has a deep mouth, a shallow hollow and a round foot. It is shaped like an inverted horseshoe. The carcass is thin and the glaze is moist, but it is a "tribute" to the Chenghua Dynasty. colorful cup.
Although the decoration is slightly simpler than the first two Qianlong cups, it is only slightly simpler. Compared with the real Chenghua cup, it is much more complicated. The main body of the outer wall is decorated with five round flowers in four colors: blue, red, green and yellow, with pomegranate branches embellished among them. Variations of Ruyi patterns are decorated near the feet. The decoration of the whole vessel is well laid out, with fine color filling, underglaze blue and white and overglaze. The colors above and below complement each other, and the left and right compete for beauty.
Compared with Chenghua, the production of this cup is more exquisite, the pattern layout and colors are richer, the glaze is soft and smooth, and the theme pattern is also a unique pattern that only appeared in the Qianlong imperial kiln. Because of its outstanding quality, I feel confident The six-character, three-line seal script inscription "Qianlong Year System of the Qing Dynasty" was written on the ground instead of a sustenance payment, as the standard official kiln inscription.
The three cups all have the characteristics of the Qianlong Dynasty, and we can fully see the nutrients they absorbed and the norms they inherited from the previous dynasty. If we say that the four Ming Dynasty cups can be called a very classic "start" in colored porcelain , these three cups are the best "summary".
Taking it all together, Zhou Zhi found a total of Chenghua doucai grape pattern horseshoe cups, Xuande doucai flower and butterfly pattern bamboo hat cups, Jiaqing doucai figure cylinder cups, and Wanli blue and white multicolored baby play cups from this suitcase. Lotus seed cup; Kangxi Doucai Ten Two-flower god orchid, peony, lotus bell cup; Yongzheng enamel porcelain clock with apricot blossoms, willows and swallows on the wall branches, Qing Yongzheng enamel wall branch heaven, bamboo and plum bird pattern porcelain clock; Qianlong famille rose lotus pattern goblet, famille rose There is a lotus seed cup where the flowers do not fall to the ground, and a horseshoe cup where the flowers do not fall to the ground.
Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, twelve small cups, none of them are big, but they are very stunning.
“This collector is amazing.” Ellsworth smoked his pipe and concluded: “Is there any information about the collector?”
"There is some information in the country that seems to be the belongings of a military strategist in the Republic of China, but Mr. Qi did not elaborate." Zhou Zhi said: "Mr. An, I want to go back as soon as possible."
"The two statues of the Heavenly King The formalities have been completed." An Siyuan said, "But these are your cups. You may need to go through the procedures again.”
“Yes, it’s hard to explain if we just rely on the fire seal from the airport auction.” Zhou Zhi knew that although these things were legally owned by Zhou Zhi, If the value is too high, it is likely to be difficult for you.
“Don’t you have a lawyer?” An Siyuan said with a smile: “Professional matters should be left to professionals. It’s a very simple matter to let Tony Huang and Zhong Jin help you. "
"Ah, they happened to be busy with the release of Dragon and Phoenix King," Zhou Zhi said happily: "They might as well take my things with them."
There are many speculations about the two warrior statues. Some say they are from Shen Tu Yulei, and some say they are from Qin Qiong and Yu Chigong. There is no consensus. Now the country tends to name them "Statue of Panlong Heavenly King" and "Statue of Dancing Phoenix Heavenly King". , to highlight the two major features at the back and top of the statue, and the media and people have become accustomed to collectively calling it the "Dragon and Phoenix King".
"Are you not going to participate in my auction?" An Siyuan asked again.
"I'm really sorry. It's still our Lunar New Year, and my family wants me to go back for reunion. I've been in New York City for a long time." Zhou Zhi said regretfully: "I also have two of Shi Lu's paintings. I will not participate this time. When the auction of Mr. Yaozhou Kiln porcelain begins, I will definitely come to participate.”
“Young people just want more. Walk around, don't be like me now who can't run anymore and can only wait for people to deliver goods to your door, only to regret not going to many places."
"Sir is my role model, he can make all kinds of Yaozhou kilns. The collection of glaze colors is complete, and a lot of effort has been put into it," Zhou Zhi said, "But these collections will be scattered in the next auction, sir, don't you think about it anymore?"
Ellsworth smiled: "George, I'm just a businessman."