Chapter 503 "Yongle Ceremony". Appears! ! ! (Chinese)
".The excavator has dug to the top of the apse!"
Hear this.
Inside a tent that serves as a temporary command point.
Everyone's conversation suddenly fell silent.
Then Jiang Chenggu and Weng Tong looked at each other. Jiang Chenggu nodded towards Weng Tong, took a step forward, and asked the visitor:
"Xiao Lin, how is the excavation going? Is there any damage to the top floor of the apse?"
The old civil engineer named Xiao Lin shook his head quickly and raised his hands in front of his chest. It looked like Xiongba was accumulating energy and releasing three points to regain his strength:
"Director Jiang, don't worry, we have made an excavation plan in advance."
"The excavator stopped excavating when it was still 40 centimeters away from the top floor of the apse. The equipment did not touch the apse itself."
"A few minutes ago, we used drilling equipment to drill down very carefully, and finally confirmed that there is indeed the apse of the Nine-Dian Underground Palace below."
"Academician Zhang is now discussing the next construction plan with several senior engineers. In about half an hour, we will start the next step of excavation of the apse."
Jiang Chenggu nodded slightly:
"So that's how it is"
Although Jiang Chenggu came from the GWY General Office, since he was selected as the commander-in-chief of the Yongling excavation project, he himself was not ignorant of archaeological projects.
Actually.
Jiang Chenggu graduated from China University of Mining and Technology. When he has enough experience in the general office, most of the units he will be transferred to will be related to mining or various engineering projects.
So he was clear.
Although the Sany 205 is a medium-sized excavator with a large tonnage, it is quite rough and heavy to operate.
But for those experienced drivers who can drive an excavator and put a lighter on an egg while ensuring that the egg does not break, it is not difficult at all to accurately dig to 40 centimeters above the apse.
After all, the national team is playing today.
Then Jiang Chenggu looked outside the tent and confirmed that many of the equipment in the foundation pit had indeed stopped working, so he said to Xiao Lin:
"In that case, Xiaolin, please lead the way and let's go to the scene and have a look."
Xiao Lin's expression straightened:
"Understood!"
Then under the leadership of Xiao Lin.
The group quickly left the command point tent, walked more than a hundred meters forward, and entered the foundation pit enclosed by baffles.
The topmost dimension of this foundation pit is about 60X60, with a total area of just over 3,000 square meters, which is slightly larger than half a football field.
The inside of the foundation pit is divided into two small layers, with a total depth of nearly 30 meters. In fact, the pit was originally divided into four layers, but two of the layers were expanded after the equipment entered the next layer, and only the support was retained. , partitions and water-stop curtains.
There are two ways to go down the foundation pit. One is to go down through the side slope, which is also the upper and lower passage for engineering equipment.
The other is to take a simple elevator, which is a big iron frame that leaks air everywhere but is extremely sturdy.
Xu Yun and the others naturally chose the latter.
After entering the elevator in batches, everyone descended to the bottom of the pit smoothly.
The area at the bottom of the pit is almost 400 square meters, which is much larger than Xu Yun expected. Most of the soil on the ground is dark red and looks a little damp.
Just got out of the elevator.
Everyone saw Zhang Ziang wearing a safety helmet not far away, standing on the ground with several men who looked like engineers, having a discussion.
I don't know if it's due to Tumu's habits, but the body movements of several people are very rich, and they seem to be having a lot of sex.
Some of them sometimes spread their palms flat to make a swooping gesture, and sometimes they raise their hands with their fingers spread wide, as if they want to hit the ground.
Occasionally, someone would squat down, grab a handful of soil, hold it in his hand and say something.
It's obvious.
They are discussing the next plan.
"Academician Zhang!"
Jiang Chenggu led everyone forward quickly, first nodded to several engineers he had been in contact with these days, then looked at Zhang Ziang and asked:
"Academician Zhang, have you decided on the next phase of excavation plan?"
Zhang Ziang nodded, stretched out his hand, pointed at another rectangular area surrounded by cordons and said:
"Director Jiang, look."
"Below that area is the apse of the underground palace, which is the secret room where Emperor Jiajing and the three queens placed their coffins. The cordon was set up according to the layout of the apse."
"Our follow-up plan is as follows - first use manual means and the assistance of hydraulic picks to remove all the soil layers above the apse underground palace, and determine the location of the entire apse area in the real environment."
"In addition, while processing the upper soil layer, the construction team continued to dig deep and clean the left, right and rear sides of the apse."
"After excavating the outer walls of the main body on three sides, we started drilling holes to pump out water to pump out the water in the apse as soon as possible."
When saying this.
Zhang Ziang also stepped on the soil under his feet.
If you don’t have an intuitive understanding of Zhang Ziang’s description, you can imagine a word in your mind:
concave.
The shape of the word [concave] is almost the top view of a foundation pit.
The left, bottom and right sides of the top view are the left, right and back sides as Zhang Ziang said. The missing horizontal line at the top is the gate of the apse.
Zhang Ziang's plan is to dig down from the left, right and back areas of the apse, and finally expose the upper, left, right and back sides of the apse.
If you still can’t understand this, you can also try to recall the bed where you slept.
The headboard of the bed against the wall is the entrance to the apse. The upper, left, right and back directions that are in contact with the air are the four sides of the apse.
But now only the bed surface is exposed to the air, what Zhang Ziang has to do is to dig out the other three sides.
Then Zhang Ziang paused, and after Xu Yun and others understood the illustration, he continued:
"After all four sides have been cleaned and the water in the tomb has been drained, we will perform the final cutting and lifting."
"At this point, Director Jiang, old man, you need to prepare and support technical means."
Jiang Chenggu and Weng Tong nodded together:
"No problem."
As one of the important participants in the project, they knew exactly what the technical means Zhang Ziang was talking about - the protection of cultural relics in the apse.
To be precise, it should be.
Protection of cultural relics and remains in the four imperial coffins.
After all, it is different from the integrated copper palace where the "Yongle Dadian" is stored.
Although the walls, floor and ceiling of the apse are all made of marble 'tiles', they look much stronger than ordinary soil.
But after all, they are not cast in one piece.
In addition, it has been soaked in water for hundreds of years. No one knows whether the apse will suddenly collapse during the lifting process. This probability is honestly not high, but it is not zero.
So out of safety considerations.
Weng Tong and the others had arranged a series of emergency measures in advance to prevent the emperor's coffin from being weathered or damaged in the event of a small probability event.
After all, those who engage in archeology are all old and stable.
all in all.
After deciding on the plan.
Zhang Ziang led the construction team to get busy.
Tell the truth.
If you want to say that 40 centimeters of soil is thick, it is definitely not thick.
In daily life, the height of a 24-inch monitor is almost 30 centimeters, and 40 centimeters is at most the size of a bottle of Coca-Cola above the monitor.
But if you want to say how thin it is, it doesn't matter. In fact, digging a hole is not as easy as many people think - even if there are not many stones in the soil.
Therefore, in this link, the first thing to come on stage is not a shovel, but a small hydraulic pick.
Dududu——
I saw seven or eight civil engineering men holding hydraulic pickaxe vehicles similar to earth tillers, loosening the soil on the ground like a plow.
These guys also carry a small bucket similar to a pesticide box on their backs. There is a pipe in the bucket connected to the hydraulic pick. The two seem to be a module.
See this situation.
Xu Yun couldn't help but have a hint of curiosity in his eyes, and asked Weng Tong:
"Uncle Weng, what are the barrels behind those operators used for?"
Weng Tong looked at Xu Yun's direction and said simply:
"That's a mixture of anionic polyacrylamide and polyoxyethylene anhydrous polyalcohol stearate."
"Polyacrylamide?"
Xu Yun didn't hear clearly. Or maybe he didn't understand the substance Weng Tong said in the second half of his sentence, but he did know about polyacrylamide:
"You mean soil scarifier?"
Weng Tong nodded, thought for a while, and explained:
"It can be considered as a soil scarifier, but it is much more efficient than agricultural ones. It is a liquid-phase agent specially developed for archaeological excavations."
"This liquid-phase agent has strong penetrating ability, and the soil loosening efficiency is about 1.5m/15g/6.8min."
"At present, this thing can often be seen in the development process of domestic ruins, especially stone ruins, but it is still not allowed in places like Sanxingdui - after all, there are too many cultural relics in the soil."
Only then did Xu Yun realize.
Maybe this is an industry barrier.
Things that Weng Tong seemed to take for granted seemed strange to an outsider like Xu Yun.
About twenty minutes passed.
The soil has been loosened.
At this point, it's time for the artificial team to appear.
Since this link is not very difficult, even Xu Yun, Academician Pan, and Lu Chaoyang, who have little civil engineering experience, are allowed to go on stage with shovels and perform the shovel dance.
Xu Yun also drank three bowls of water while digging. This should be considered three bowls of water per day, right?
that's all.
As time went by, with the efforts of hundreds of people on the construction site, the four sides of the apse gradually revealed their true appearance.
Four hours later.
A longitudinal milling machine came to the 'neck' of the apse.
The wheels of the milling robot arm are covered with irregular nails, somewhat like a mace twisted into a circle, and it looks extremely ferocious.
Of course.
From this rough painting style, it is not difficult to see that this equipment cannot be used to cut marble channels-even though the thickness of the marble channels is also one meter.
This longitudinal milling and digging machine is mainly used to correct the soil layer above the cutting area so that the subsequent ‘guillotine’ for cutting the head can perform better.
at the same time.
Drill holes were also drilled on the left, right and back sides of the apse.
Then three thick black pipes passed into three drill holes.
After a while.
With the action of the air pump, water quickly gushes out of the drilled hole.
The accumulated water was brought to the ground with the help of pressure equipment, and after passing through a filter to prevent cultural relics from being aspirated, it was discharged into a pre-excavated pond.
After being purified, the accumulated water will be discharged into a nearby river.
Students who have watched the Huanong Brothers video should know this.
The water pump seems to have a large amount of water output, and it is very powerful.
But if you want to pump clean water from an ordinary fish pond, it will take at least several hours or even half a day.
In a sense, the apse of Yongling is a large fish pond seven meters deep.
Therefore, although the process of pumping water out of the apse is huge, it actually takes a lot of time.
Follow Weng Tong’s introduction.
The case of pumping water that is closest to the scale of the apse in archaeological history should be the tomb of King Liangzhuang.
In April 2001, the Jingmen Archaeological Team conducted archaeological excavations at the tomb of King Liangzhuang in Dahong Village, Changtan Town.
King Zhuang of Liang was the grandson of Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty. He was born in 1411 and was named King of Liang at the age of 14.
The feudal state was located in Anluzhou, Huguang at that time, and he took office at the age of 18.
He died of illness at the age of 30 and was given the posthumous title of King Zhuang.
Because he had no sons, he was expelled from the country after his death.
In addition to the fact that King Zhuang of Liang died young, his mausoleum was also very special - not only did his tomb have no drainage system, it was also built where underground water could be seen.
It was later rumored that it was to express the idea of "not giving up until you reach hell", but only the classmate who was King Liangzhuang in his previous life knows whether it is true or false.
When the archaeological team opened the underground palace, the water in the tomb was 3 meters deep, which was half shallower than the seven meters in the apse of the Jiajing underground palace.
However, the area of the underground palace of King Liangzhuang is slightly more than twice that of the apse, so the volume of water accumulated in the tomb is about the same.
It took the archaeological team 10 days to drain the water, and then they made a huge harvest in the tomb:
There are more than 5,340 pieces of funerary vessels, the amount of gold used reaches 16kg, the amount of silver used reaches 13kg, and the amount of jade used reaches 14kg. It is really rich as a country
However, the archaeological team used only one water pump at that time, and its power was somewhat different from what Zhang Ziang and the others are currently equipped with.
Therefore, although pumping water from Jiajing's rear hall was difficult, it did not take as long as ten days.
Stay until the next morning.
All the water in the apse was drained out.
Three small lampstands were also pulled out along with the stagnant water. They seemed to be ornaments that had been corrupted after being soaked in the stagnant water for a long time.
About an hour after the water is pumped out.
The longitudinal milling machine also optimizes the soil layer at the 'neck' to the best structure.
"."
See this situation.
The open space on the right side of the apse.
Zhang Ziang, who had been waiting here for a long time, glanced at the middle-aged man next to him with an ordinary face, and made a polite gesture of greeting to him:
"Master Huang, I'll leave it to you next."
Master Huang didn't seem to be good at talking. He just nodded dullly when he heard the words, then walked to a console and sat down on it.
I saw him quickly clicking on the console for a while and inputting some commands.
Less than a moment.
嗗.
A mechanical arm suddenly stretched out from a black square device placed on the top of the apse, with a length, width and height of about two meters.
This robotic arm is about ten centimeters thick, is also black, and is cylindrical in shape, thick at the back and thin at the front.
The robotic arm moved slowly, and finally reached the edge of the soil dug by the longitudinal milling machine.
Then quickly.
The metal seal that was closed at the front popped open to both sides with a click, and a device that resembled a top, with a long metal strip that resembled a cigarette underneath, slowly poked out.
After a while.
As Master Huang pressed a certain key.
A section suddenly sprayed out from the long bar under the gyroscopic device.
water column.
Normally.
Even if the water from the high-pressure water gun hits the marble structure of the apse, it will be difficult to damage the marble at all.
Yet surprisingly.
This small water column hit the marble 'neck' of the apse.
It was like a kitchen knife cutting tofu, easily cutting out a deep opening in the marble!
See this situation.
Whether it was Xu Yun, Zhang Ziang, or Weng Tong, everyone's expressions were very calm.
After all, this is an ultra-high-pressure water jet.
Ultra-high pressure water jet, referred to as water jet, is also called water cutting.
It mainly consists of a high-pressure pump, a CNC machining platform and a jet cutting head. The high-pressure pump is the main part that pressurizes the water flow.
Ordinary water can be pressurized to 4000bar after passing through a high-pressure pump, and then sprayed out through a small nozzle made of rubies or sapphires inlaid in metal materials.
Then add garnet or emery as abrasives, and the mixed 'water jet' can even reach a speed of 6 to 8 times the speed of sound.
This kind of pressure water jet can easily cut through various types of stone or steel plates, which is a common processing method in current industrial production.
But generally.
The common scenario of waterjet processing is mainly used for the processing of fine materials, which is commonly known as indoor small parts production.
But not commonly used does not mean that it cannot be used. In 2019, China Construction Seventh Engineering Bureau had already produced water jet equipment for outdoor construction scenarios.
The standard depth of indoor waterjet cutting is generally between 15-20 cm, and some can reach 30 cm. It can be increased to 60 cm in the short term regardless of wear and tear costs.
The set of water jets of China Construction Seventh Bureau has been optimized by the Engineering Academy to limit the situation where the water column will diverge when the distance increases. The effective cutting depth can reach 1.5 meters. Although there is no evidence, Xu Yun believes that with China The actual maximum cutting depth of this thing should be more than two meters
Although the depth of 1.5 meters cannot completely cut the apse, it can cover the top area of the apse.
If you use an ordinary circular saw or frame saw in this area, it is easy for the marble to crack due to the resonance of the linear expansion coefficient.
After all, there are many marble mineral particles. The door panel in the apse has been soaked in water for so long. Who knows how much it has changed.
Just like cutting vegetables in daily life, the first cut is the most important.
Twenty minutes later.
Waterjet cutting is completed.
At this point, the rest is easy.
Zhang Ziang quickly sent someone to remove the water jet equipment and replace it with a steel sand saw.
Steel saws are a typical representative of frame saws, and the opposite is diamond saws.
Compared with diamond saws, steel sand saws are more efficient and can cut larger panels.
However, its disadvantage is that the loss is high, and emery and lime are needed for cutting, which causes relatively large pollution.
Fortunately, there are no environmentally friendly girls around today, so no one will talk about howdareyou
More than an hour passed.
Diamond saw cutting completed.
The entire apse has completely turned into a 'sugar cube' that can be moved at any time.
Then Zhang Ziang glanced at the top of the foundation pit, adjusted his glasses, and asked the assistant:
"Xiao Lin, have the load-bearing plates been arranged?"
Xiao Lin, who looked to be in his fifties, nodded quickly:
"Report, the load-bearing plate has been put in place!"
"Has the moment coefficient been calibrated?"
"It has been proofread three times. This is the proofreading responsibility letter, signed by everyone responsible!"
"Where's the anchor?"
"No problem."
Upon seeing this, Zhang Ziang took a deep breath and ordered:
"In that case, ZAT18000H obeys the order!"
"Three"
"Two"
"One"
"Start lifting!"
Note:
Achalasia of the esophagus and non-atrophic gastritis plus erosion of the stomach are not particularly serious but troublesome diseases. Do a 24-hour electrocardiogram tonight and ask for leave tomorrow - I know what you want to say, but even if you ask for leave, you only need 6,800 daily updates. Who told me that I had ten thousand days per day for ten days before this month and I have a strong foundation
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(End of chapter)