Chapter 370 Anti-Enclosure Movement
Oxfordshire.
Cartersi was currently patrolling a field with a group of Ming Dynasty officers and soldiers.
He is now the first governor of Oxfordshire in the Kingdom of England. His duty is to inspect the encirclement of farmers' fields by the British powerful and bourgeoisie.
The patrol censorship system that Zhu Houzhao asked Zhu Zaixu to set up was naturally the same as the patrol censorship system of the Ming Dynasty, and had the power to inspect local military, political, criminal law, finance, etc.
The censor is the central official. Zhu Houzhao's appointment of Zhu Zaixu naturally means to strengthen the centralization of power and weaken the autonomy of local judges in England.
Carter West is an English scholar.
Influenced by the Ming Dynasty's policy of encouraging Confucian scholars to establish Confucianism in various places, and also when Henry VIII wanted to form an alliance with the Ming Dynasty, he not only intermarryed but also allowed Ming Dynasty Confucian scholars to establish Confucian schools in England, there are still some Western Confucian scholars in England today.
And Cartersi was naturally one of a group of Confucian students educated in these Confucian schools.
But Carter's Chinese is not very good, and even his attainments in Confucianism are only enough to read the Three Character Classic.
However, the tallest among the dwarfs, if Zhu Zaixun wants to establish Confucian rule, he can only let people like Cartersi.
Cartersi came from a commoner background, otherwise he would not have come to study Confucianism, not because Confucian schools are free and provide subsidies.
As for the land enclosure movement of the powerful and the bourgeoisie, Cartersi, who was born in an opposing class, naturally felt deeply disgusted by this.
Therefore, after he became the censor, he also carried out the anti-enclosure movement in Oxfordshire very seriously.
At this time, Baron Jonner was commanding his slaves to drive away farmers who had the right to use public lands, intending to turn the fertile fields in this area into his own wool production base.
But unfortunately, Cartersi just appeared and asked the Ming army to help him shoot these land encirclers.
The pair of officers and soldiers of the Ming Dynasty who were following Cartersi were ordered by the Supreme Emperor Zhu Houzhao to assist the various counties in patrolling the censors to suppress lawbreakers. Naturally, they were not polite and immediately raised their guns and started shooting at these bourgeois lackeys who were driving away the farmers. .
Snap!
Jonel's son Rouse was also shot and fell to the ground immediately.
Jonale also discovered the censor Katsi and his Ming officers and soldiers. He was busy running away, not caring about his son who fell on the ground and the land he wanted to occupy.
The Ming army officers and soldiers caught up with Jonale and took him to Katsi.
Cartersi interrogated Joe Nalie and immediately decided to execute Joe Nalie and confiscate all Joe Nalie's manors and properties as domestic property.
Seeing this, Jonale broke out and cursed: "I am a baron, you, a humble commoner, have no right to execute me!"
Phew!
Cartersi stabbed Jonner to death with a bayonet: "What about the Baron? I am now the censor appointed by His Royal Highness the King. I have the right to kill first and report later. Moreover, the anti-enclosure law has long been clearly stipulated. Anyone who enclosures land, no matter who is Anyone will be killed without mercy!”
Of course Jonale died suddenly on the spot!
Katsi continued to say to the farmers present who were also frightened: "Please feel free to farm, this is your land, you can still farm with confidence! No need to worry about being occupied by others, the Emperor and King from the East We will protect your land, and the king has issued an edict to prohibit land sales! Therefore, no one has the right to take away your land use rights!”
"Long live the great Emperor and King!"
After Cartersi finished speaking, he shouted in English. This was what the above asked him to do, and he had to implement it like this.
The farmers in England were naturally very grateful to Zhu Houzhao and Zhu Zaixun for protecting their private property, and they shouted "Long live".
"Long live the great Emperor and King!"
Katsi, the censor of the patrol, was the sower of the royal power's kindness. While telling Zhu Houzhao and Zhu Zaixu that he would protect their lives, he also allowed them to watch the royal court's punishment of officials who failed to act.
The Lord Chancellor of Oxfordshire did not act and even helped the powerful and the bourgeoisie to encircle their land. He was caught by Cartersi's men and put on the execution ground. And Cartersey ordered the execution of the Lord Chancellor of Oxfordshire in the presence of the people of Oxfordshire.
No coincidence.
Examples like this are happening in every county in England.
Many capitalists in the English enclosure were lined up and shot one after another!
For a time, every county was covered in blood.
The patrol censors sent out by Zhu Zaixun were backed by the Ming army sent out by Zhu Houzhao, and they vigorously pursued the anti-enclosure policy. Even the powerful and bourgeoisie who had already enclosed land and established livestock farms and plantations would be seduced. Shoot them all!
Wool, sheep, or other products were directly confiscated. If they couldn't be disposed of, they were simply destroyed.
If the original owner of some of the occupied land cannot be found for a while, it will be confiscated. They would rather leave it idle than allow the powerful and bourgeoisie to continue to operate it.
If the powerful and bourgeoisie enclose the land for building factories, the factories will also be directly demolished.
When Zhu Houzhao learned from Zhu Zaixun that the anti-enclosure movement was quite effective and even caused a significant drop in England's industrial output and serious damage to the textile industry, he felt very proud.
"Very good, Hu'er, you don't have to feel bad about the destruction of England's textile industry. As a commoner in England, you don't have to worry about having no clothes to wear. Daming's cheap textiles are enough to meet the cloth needs of these English commoners. If you really If you can’t bear it, you can be kind and lower the import tariffs on textiles from the Ming Dynasty, so that the common people of England will not suffer from the impact of the domestic capital industry, but will benefit from you lowering the tariffs!”
Zhu Houzhao said.
Zhu Zaixun also obeyed. He knew that England's textile industry had been monopolized by the powerful and capitalists, so as a king, he did not feel sorry for the bankruptcy of England's textile industry. He was indeed only worried that the bankruptcy of the textile industry would affect the favorability of the people towards him. Now that Lowering tariffs can solve the problem, and he is naturally willing to do so.
As the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Houzhao's real purpose in his heart was to curb the development of capitalism in England.
As far as he knew, the nascent stage of capitalism in England was because the bourgeoisie obtained primitive accumulation of capital through the land enclosure movement, which gradually put England on the road to capitalism.
Now that I have used strong administrative orders to prevent the land enclosure movement in England, I naturally block the possibility of England taking the path of capitalism.
However, the anti-enclosure movement carried out by Zhu Houzhao and Zhu Zaixun was just in England in this era and was safeguarding the interests of the majority of the people in England.
Therefore, the anti-enclosure movement received support from many civilians, so much so that the favorability of King Zhu Zaixun and even Emperor Zhu Houzhao increased rapidly among the English people.
What Zhu Houzhao wanted to do was to unite the common people in England to curb the development of the bourgeoisie. The anti-enclosure movement was only one aspect, and it was only a temporary policy to protect the interests of the common people.
The imperial examination system that he and his son Zhu Zaixun want to establish now is to truly use the common people's desire to join the nobility to bribe the common people and use them to rule the entire England for a long time. England is not large in area and is not as large as a chief secretary in the Ming Dynasty. In addition, the Ming Dynasty already had a mature imperial examination system.
Therefore, it was not difficult for Zhu Houzhao to ask Zhu Zaixun to copy the imperial examination system in England.
When the common people in England learned that they could pass the exam to become officials and nobles of the kingdom, everyone was very excited. They all felt that this was what the wise king of England should do.
Even some members of the bourgeoisie couldn't help but feel tempted by this. You must know that in the past, basically only nobles could become officials of the kingdom.
Of course, the king of England met with opposition from many powerful people and the bourgeoisie when he wanted to establish the imperial examination system. The reason for their opposition was that the examination content of the imperial examination system was Eastern Confucianism, not the teachings of the state religion. It required the common people not to believe in religion and betrayed the church.
However, Zhu Zaixun himself explained that using Eastern Confucianism as the subject of investigation was for the purpose of better secular governance and did not prohibit the freedom of civilians to believe in religion.
In any case, because those who pass the exam can become an official or even a noble, when various counties and districts in England began to conduct college examinations in accordance with the decree, many students still actively took part in the examination.
Because the territory of England is not large, there are only four types of imperial examinations in England: the imperial examination, the rural examination, the general examination, and the palace examination. There are no county examinations or government examinations under the Ming Dynasty examination.
The imperial examination is naturally not very difficult. Even in the examination, as long as you can recite the Four Books and Five Classics, you can become a Jinshi in England.
But this did give Zhu Zaixun the first batch of civilian class scholars who could be appointed, which undoubtedly helped the English royal family get rid of the purpose of relying on the power of powerful people and big capitalists to rule.
The establishment of the imperial examination system naturally promoted the development of Confucianism in England, and a large number of Confucian schools began to be established.
Zhu Zaihui even personally funded the establishment of the Imperial College of England, and appointed Xu Wei to serve concurrently as the Imperial College's sacrificial wine minister, further strengthening Confucian rule over England.
……
certainly.
Zhu Houzhao asked Zhu Zaixun to carry out the anti-enclosure movement and Confucian rule in England so forcefully. Naturally, it was impossible without obstacles.
Even not long after Zhu Houzhao asked Zhu Zaixun to forcibly pass the "Anti-Enclosure Bill" in Parliament, the powerful and bourgeoisie in England knew about the matter, and showed great dissatisfaction with King Zhu Zaixun's behavior. The anger even included some senior generals of the royal army.
Even Mary I's granddaughter Catherine began to collude with her lover, the parliamentarian and chancellor Lei Lin, and began to call members of Parliament to convene a parliament without the participation of King Zhu Zaixun.
The theme of this parliament was to remove the king. The reason was that King Zhu Zaixun was a heretic and did not have the legitimacy to become the king of England.
"Miss Catherine, now except for Roger and Xu Wei, who was newly appointed by the king, all the members have expressed their willingness to participate in the parliament to remove the king. Look, will Roger and Xu Wei be asked about this parliament?"
Leylin asked Catherine.
Catherine slammed the table angrily: "Roger has betrayed the doctrine and is willing to be the king's lackey. He is not qualified to serve as the Speaker of the House of Lords! That Xu Wei, an Oriental, has what qualifications to serve as the Speaker of the House of Commons! The Parliament does not need to look for them. , I will recommend you to be the Speaker of the House of Lords, and the Archbishop to be the Speaker of the House of Commons, and convene the parliament directly!”
soon.
In the absence of the Speaker of the House of Lords and the Speaker of the House of Commons, the Parliament convened as scheduled.
Catherine also appeared in the parliament this time, but at this time not a single member expressed opposition.
Catherine shouted directly at the meeting: "You must have understood that our king not only failed to become a devout believer, but was the incarnation of the devil, Satan! And Roger has obviously betrayed God and became the king's lackey. And that Xu Wei is not qualified to be our speaker. Therefore, Catherine today suggested that the parliament make Lei Lin the speaker of the House of Lords and Archbishop Jian Zhong the speaker of the House of Commons. Do you agree?"
"Agree!"
"Agree!"
Lei Lin and Jian Chong were both supporters of the enclosure movement, so these congressmen naturally had no objections.
At the same time, Catherine said: "Then do you agree to elect this lady as the new king of England?"
All members of Parliament naturally agreed.
soon.
The parliament passed the bill to remove King Zhu Zaixun and re-appoint Catherine as the new king. Archbishop Jian Chong even immediately held a coronation ceremony for Catherine.
……
"This is rebellion! Complete rebellion!"
Zhu Houzhao found out about this incident from Zhu Zaixu and directly determined the matter. At this time, Xu Wei ran in and said hurriedly: "Report to the Emperor and His Royal Highness, Catherine's supporter, the Earl of Essex, led the army Less than five miles away from the palace, he threatened to drive the Emperor and His Royal Highness away from the palace, arrest and interrogate them, and punish the Emperor and His Royal Highness for their crimes of indiscriminate killing and blasphemy against God!”
Seeing this, Zhu Zaixun hurriedly asked: "What can my father do?"
"Don't be afraid, we don't have no troops in our hands. How many soldiers and horses does the rebel army led by the Earl of Essex have?" Zhu Houzhao asked.
Xu Wei said: "According to the people in the Guards Department, there are about ten thousand!"
"It seems that the power of England's dignitaries and bourgeoisie cannot be underestimated. They can mobilize tens of thousands of troops in such a short period of time. If I didn't have 20,000 officers and soldiers as a guarantee, the royal army alone would not be able to guarantee the king's safety." Can oppose these vested interests, not to mention, who knows whether these royal troops will also have supporters of the enclosure movement.”
As Zhu Houzhao spoke, he ordered Qi Jiguang, the commander-in-chief of his imperial guards, "mobilize the imperial guards directly, accept the royal army's defenses around the palace, and prepare for battle!"
With that, Zhu Houzhao ordered to Zhu Zaihui: "Hure, in addition to your own bodyguards, let your royal army go and kill the members of parliament and that Miss Catherine. Now, they are all conspirators, and we should deal with them." The clan punished and imposed Lingchi punishment to show the majesty of the king's authority."
Zhu Zaixun couldn't help but ask: "But my father, I am a little worried that some generals among them will take this opportunity to defect!"
"Don't be afraid of defecting! There are only ten thousand people, even if they all defect, they will not pose a threat to our Ming Imperial Guards. I asked you to do this to test their loyalty. If you don't kill a few rebel royal officers and soldiers, you will not dare to use them in the future. ”
Zhu Houzhao asked.
Zhu Zaixun heard what Zhu Houzhao said and felt that his father was right, so he asked Roger to do what Zhu Houzhao wanted.
In addition, Zhu Houzhao also said: "Next, these people will definitely organize a parliament. Now you immediately declare to the entire English people that the parliament is a rebel organization. They intend to prevent anti-enclosure policies and help selfish businessmen and lawless people." The nobles seize the interests of the common people and let the people know who to support. In addition, a propaganda department needs to be established! ”
Thank you to book friend kiwiying for the reward of 100 starting coins
(End of chapter)