Chapter 217
Lao Liu drove the bus all the way to the city, picking up eight more people along the way.
At this time, there were only two seats left in the 20 seats. There were 23 seats. Due to the transformation and the automatic vending machine, it accounted for three seats.
However, compared to usual, Lao Liu drove much slower this time, mainly because the bus company planned to cancel the previous time planning and adopt a more reasonable travel time.
The purpose of this change.
On the one hand, it is to reduce the occurrence of accidents.
On the other hand, to make the bus more stable, so that passengers will reduce bumps.
The last one is naturally for the vending machine service. By reducing the bumpiness and special position design, passengers can buy things from the vending machine at a fixed location.
At present, the preliminary test of this design scheme is installed on this bus. As long as the passenger wants to buy it, it will have to enter the limited device, so that the passengers will be fixed in a certain space to avoid sudden bumps and cause passengers to fall.
There is only one limiter, and there is also only one corresponding vending machine.
Lei Bo sat all the way and found that two people had purchased drinks.
Along the way, Lao Liu was very stable during the driving process. Whether it was parking or starting, there was no sudden brake and sudden acceleration. Although it took about one -third of the time, it was still good to take the experience.
In fact, all bus drivers are experienced drivers. If they are not in a hurry, they can drive the bus smoothly.
There was a problem with the management model of the bus company in the past. They tried their best to compress the travel time and also required very strict arrival times. If they did not arrive on time, the driver would be punished.
In order to deal with things, the driver could only be desperately accelerated, which led to a decline in passenger experience.
There is no problem with late warnings or penalties. The problem is that the set travel time should not be too urgent and leave a relatively ample travel time for the driver.
In the pursuit of timeliness, buses are never as good as taxis, private cars, and even small eDonics.
In this case, it is better to slow down the bus to improve the passenger experience. Anyway, there is no big problem if the bus is slowed down for more than ten minutes.
In addition, Liu Deming, which controls the bus company, has entrusted the Internet Division to develop a big data analysis system to analyze the traffic of various bus pavilions and bus stop signs. The ultimate goal is to achieve the maximum use of resources.
Of course, slowing down and stabilizing the bus also has another benefit, which is extending its cruising range.
The smoother the drive, the less battery power is consumed.
At present, the battery capacity on the test vehicle is 225 kWh, and the discharge is 193.5∽211.5 kWh, which is almost 200 kWh.
One characteristic of a sponge battery is that its electricity storage nanostructure either fails or is fully effective. Generally, during the first 500 cycles, the power will not drop significantly. By 500∽620 cycles, due to the nanostructure As the service life approaches, some structurally unstable nanostructures will begin to collapse, resulting in a decrease in electricity storage capacity.
But this breakdown is not static.
There will be obvious differences due to the size of the charging and discharge power.
If the charging and discharging power is less than 30 kilowatts, the full life is about 900 cycles; if the power is 30∽60 kilowatts, the full life is 700∽850 cycles; if the power is 60∽80 kilowatts, the full life is 600∽ 700 cycles; if the power is 80∽96 kilowatts, the full life is only 500∽600 cycles.
If it is a fixed battery, coupled with battery pack regulation, the battery can basically run at a power of 0∽60 kilowatts for a long time, thereby extending its service life.
However, when used as a power source for transportation, frequent changes in power are commonplace, so it can only be counted as the minimum number of cycles.
Unknowingly.
The bus has already gone around the city.
Come to Kuishan Park in the city.
This is the power exchange station of the bus company.
However, there are not many staff in the battery replacement area at this time, and many people are on vacation.
Lao Liu took a look at the car display and found that there was still a lot of power left. He had traveled almost 80 kilometers during this trip and consumed about 48 kilowatt hours of electricity. This included the power consumption of the vending machine. At this time, there was still a lot of power left. About 152 kWh.
Everyone got out of the car and took a rest.
In the rest area, I bought a bottle of mineral water from the automatic vending machine. While drinking the water, we observed this bus hub station.
At present, the bus company has a total of 17 bus hub stations across the city. The area of several hub stations has reached dozens of acres. Obviously, in order to park the 1,295 bus, while ensuring operation, charging, and electricity exchange, the bus company has done it. Many land.
Although these lands are exclusive lands and cannot be changed at will, it does not mean that they have no utilization value.
For example, in this hub station.
More than 50 bus charging spaces.
Next, the bus company will fully replace the sponge battery. At the same time, the power replacement mode will not be used to use the vehicle charging mode.
This means that the 50 bus charging spaces at this hub have become mere parking spaces.
However, parking here is the same as going to the Tengfei Road Hub Station. You can stop at the Tengfei Road Hub Station, which means that the parking space here can be empty.
50 bus parking spaces can be converted into 100 to 110 car parking spaces. In addition, there are already 10 car parking spaces, which can be converted into almost 120 car parking spaces.
These parking spaces are definitely not ordinary parking spaces, but to provide charging services for surrounding users, and two automatic car washing rooms.
After all, this hub station is in the urban area with a very good location.
As soon as Lei Bo sat down for a while, he saw Liu Deming coming here with a few people.
"Secretary Liu, are you here on business?"
"Manager Lei? Why are you here?"
"I went to inspect the biofuel base in Pinghe Town and took a look at the bus company's test vehicle. What are you doing?"
Liu Deming smiled and explained: "I'll bring people from the photovoltaic panel company over to take a look."
"It turns out." Leibo guessed Liu Deming's thoughts.
Since sponge batteries are so cheap and easy to use, they must be used as storage batteries for photovoltaic panels.
The Xinlou Village hub station covers an area of about 6.8 acres. The roof and parking space can be fully utilized. About 6 acres of photovoltaic panels can be installed, generating about 7,000 to 8,000 degrees of electricity every day.
Of course, the power generation of 7000∽8000 kilowatt-hours per day is not enough. After all, each bus's battery replacement is equivalent to using 225 kilowatt-hours of electricity. This power generation is only enough for 31∽35 buses.
What's more, this hub station also needs to provide charging services, car washing services, maintenance areas, etc., which also requires a lot of electricity.
Therefore, the capacity of the battery room must be increased, and the low valley electricity price during the period of 0.8 in the early morning must be charged. Shamei's valley electricity price is about 0.35 yuan per degree.
The charging standard for charging services is about 1∽1.5 yuan per kilowatt-hour. Even if there are losses during the charging and discharging process, the profit margin is not small.
Using high-power charging piles, it can be fully charged in half an hour, and can charge up to 40∽100 vehicles in a day.
Therefore, a suitable storage room must be built.
Only through a multi-pronged approach can bus companies turn losses into profits.
And this is not enough. Hai Lufeng will definitely cooperate with future cars to achieve the commonization of batteries and electricity changes.
At that time, these bus hub stations can be used as power stations.
Referring to the charging standard for battery replacement in future automobiles, which is usually a service fee of 10 yuan, plus 0.5 yuan per kilowatt hour, the electricity cost of using industrial valley power is about 0.22 to 0.26 yuan per kilowatt hour.
However, another problem needs to be considered, that is, many batteries on the market currently have the problem of virtual capacity of capacity. In fact, there are not so much electricity. Among them, it is greasy.
According to the actual standard, the charging price of sponge batteries using industrial and commercial valley electricity is 0.35 yuan per kilowatt hour. After adding losses, the cost of discharging one kilowatt hour is about 0.37∽0.4 yuan.
Plus the service fee of 10 yuan, this actually doesn't have much profit margin.
Even if the electricity cost of large industries is used, the gross profit per kilowatt hour is only about 0.2 yuan, which is obviously a tightrope to walk. Calculated in this way, the gross profit of each cubic meter of sponge battery is 40∽80 yuan. The whole life of the sponge battery can be replaced about 600 times, and the total gross profit is 24,000∽48,000.
Although the cost of battery investment can be recovered, and even the costs of the battery swap station can be recovered, the prerequisite for realizing this benefit is to sacrifice the interests of Hailufeng Company and allow sponge batteries to be supplied to future cars at low prices. .
Obviously Jiang Miao will not make future cars so cheap.
Hailufeng Company must force the capacity of the cable battery in the future, while increasing the electrical charging standard of the sponge battery.
Otherwise, Hailufeng Company will falsely mark its capacity like other battery companies. Fraud is obviously not Jiang Miao's style.
Battery cost is definitely the Achilles heel of future cars. Battery replacement stations and batteries require costs, and the battery replacement charges are very low. Most of the batteries currently used by their company are lithium iron phosphate batteries. The cost of these batteries is generally sponge batteries. More than ten times.
Coupled with the cost of changing power stations and daily management and maintenance, cars can only be barely maintained in the future, but the capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries will decline. The more troubles, the more troubles.
In fact, even if Jiang Miao has never met the management of Future Auto, he can guess what the management of Future Auto is thinking, and that is one word: gamble!
What to bet on?
By gambling in the future battery is getting cheaper, so that they can get a certain profit space when updating the inventory battery.
Without Hailufeng's sponge battery technology, the future of the car in the future is really unpredictable.
After all, in recent years, the price of battery has not reduced the price, because the price of battery raw materials is still high.
There is no mistake, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one 619, one book, one, one, one, one, one, one, a book!
Lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium require raw materials such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. The prices of these elements have increased by 10∽20% in recent years.
As for semi -solid and solid batteries, the cost is even more touching.
With the current production costs, future cars will not even dare to touch these semi-solid-state batteries and solid-state batteries. This is not only because these battery technologies are immature, but also because their costs reach hundreds of thousands or more than 200,000 per ton.
Even the battery invested in the early stage is getting closer to the limit of service life. In the future, cars will face the pressure of updating battery inventory.
Although large-volume purchases can lower purchase prices to a certain extent, major battery manufacturers are obviously not vegetarians and will certainly not sacrifice themselves for others.
Therefore, at this stage, only Hailufeng Company can save future cars.
After all, compared to other batteries, there is a huge advantage in recycling and reuse of sponge batteries. Its battery waste liquid is soybean oil and some common trace elements, which can be pulled directly to refine biological diesel; You can pull out organic fertilizer.
The inner and other accessories can be renovated more than dozens of times.
In essence, the investment in liners and other accessories is an investment that can be reused dozens of times.
After refining biodiesel from waste soybean oil, about 50% of the battery cost can be recovered. The sponge structure and potassium chloride sediment are used as organic fertilizer, and about 10% of the cost can be recovered.
The production cost of sponge batteries will become lower and lower. In addition to the high cost of the first investment, the cost will continue to decrease after the inner and accessories are reused.
In this case, lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium must be finished.
As for the semi-solid-state batteries that have initially entered trial use and the all-solid-state batteries in the experimental stage, although the theoretical energy density is higher than that of sponge batteries, the production cost is too high.
Indeed, many chemical batteries and solid batteries require a variety of rare elements, which has fundamentally high costs. Even if the process is advanced, there is no way to reduce the cost too much.
Just like lithium iron phosphate, unless elements such as lithium and cobalt are completely eliminated, the production cost cannot be lower than 30,000 yuan per ton.
Nowadays, most of the highly hyped solid-state batteries use rare elements.
Moreover, the production model of the traditional battery industry, no matter how improved, cannot beat sponge batteries.
The core component of the sponge battery is synthesized by the method of self -generating creatures, and power energy is released during the synthesis process.
It is almost producing and generating electricity.
The price of raw materials is also very cheap, and it is still a raw material that can be completely self -sufficient in China.
Faced with this situation, even if other battery companies immediately come up with solid-state batteries, there is no way they can beat sponge batteries.
At least those optoelectronic companies and wind power companies will not use solid batteries, but they will buy sponge batteries.
Optoelectronic wind power companies will use sponge batteries on a large scale, which is also another starting point for Jiang Miao to use future vehicle -changing car companies such as automobiles.
The reason why the power grid now implements off-peak electricity prices is that there are uncontrollable factors in power generation and various fluctuations in electricity consumption, which leads to the implementation of off-peak electricity prices.
When the major photovoltaic and wind power companies complete the layout of the power storage system, the power grid will definitely cancel the off-peak power price and adopt a unified market price.
At that time, whether the power exchange company can get the price of great industrial electricity, it will become unknown. Although there must be discounts on large electricians, this will definitely not be as cheap as it is now.
Can a business model develop?
There are many factors to consider.
The emergence of sponge batteries will change the pattern of the entire new energy industry and the charging model of the power grid. This is a huge variable.
As one of the source companies and traders, Hailufeng Company is naturally sitting in the Diaoyutai, but other companies have to look at luck, determination, and strategies.
Once you go the wrong step, you may enter a state of no longer.
During the Chinese New Year, Jiang Miao was also thinking about the business model of sponge batteries.
If it is a traditional battery sales model, it is obviously not in line with Jiang Miao's vision, because sponge batteries must maintain a relatively high recycling ratio to effectively reduce production costs.
Therefore, these factors must be taken into consideration when formulating business models.
The business model he conceived is to rent, which is to rent batteries to other companies that need to use batteries.
Since it is a leasing model, the battery rental price must not be too high.
Jiang Miao has ordered the pricing office of the market research department to study how to set the rent.
The current rental price is 10,000 yuan per cubic meter of liner, plus a 10,000 deposit. When the recycling is due, Hailufeng will return the 10,000 deposit.
Deduction costs, plus recovered equipment, abandoned soybean oil, abandoned sponge structure, etc., earn about 13,000 per cubic meter.
This model is suitable for those photoelectric wind power companies. They use high frequency, and the power of a single battery can be limited to less than 60 kW, thereby increasing the number of cycles. 0.033 yuan.
This cost is definitely beneficial for photoelectric wind power.
Enterprises such as electric vehicles and electric vessels are not suitable for using the lease model, and can only adopt the purchase model.
The reason why it is not suitable is that sponge batteries are suitable for battery swapping. Now that the battery swapping model needs to be promoted, various automobile companies will use sponge batteries. When the time comes to recycle the batteries, who should the money be returned to? This will definitely cause conflicts among various companies.
Therefore, the sponge batteries used in vehicles can only be sold directly to companies, and then Hailufeng will recycle the batteries.
From the third day of the lunar month to the eighth day of the lunar month.
Within five days.
The bus company has completed battery replacement work on 86 K7 buses, and the vending machines and stoppers on these buses have been adjusted and modified to make them safer and more convenient.
Leibo is not staying in Fair Town, but is preparing a real battery factory.
After all, the small workshop at the base of the fair town produces a battery core material of 50 cubic meters per day. This output is not enough for Hai Lufeng.
And as a new product, various patents need to be applied for, and various procedures need to be completed.
If it is simply self -use, it does not need to be too troublesome, but to be listed and sold, these preparations must be in place, and Leibo and others are too busy.
Since sponge batteries have not yet been officially sold, major battery companies have not yet noticed the coming crisis.
But on the other side, with the first trading day after the Spring Festival, Xiangjiang Financial Market finally moved.
(End of chapter)