Chapter 1386 Go to ITER to buy a table
Understanding is understanding, but after calculating the work at hand, Chang Haonan still showed a hesitant expression.
Now even nuclear batteries with the fission principle are still in the early stages of the transition from theory to engineering, and irradiated tritium production is a perfect side task.
Even if it is theoretical research, even if he cheats, he really cannot give a specific monthly schedule -
Similar to the situation of controlled nuclear fusion.
Don't ask, it will be five years later.
Ask again next year, it will be five years later.
But it may come true the year after.
So, before giving the answer, Chang Haonan still asked cautiously: "Can't you test it in China?"
He still doesn't know much about the specific situation in the field of fusion. He only knows that Peng Juexian in front of him was one of the key figures in promoting the HT-7U full-superconducting non-circular cross-section tokamak device, which is also one of the key figures in the establishment of the "Oriental Superring" project. .
At present, Luzhou should have successfully obtained plasma.
In terms of controlled nuclear fusion, of course, this is not even the first step of the Long March.
Even due to the duration and positioning problems, Chang Haonan's requirements for plasma power generation could not be met, otherwise he would not have to work hard to transform the small stack of Factory 504.
But no matter what, it is always a steady-state and completely autonomous and controllable research platform.
It should be able to play a certain role in the field of tritium proliferation.
Peng Juexian shook his head: "The controllable fusion is not visible at the moment. As for those continuous working hours in publicity, they are just plasmas that use fusion repository shaped. Just to conduct simulations, so the irradiation tritium production test is studied on special fission equipment. "
" Due to the limitations of the conditions in the early years, the current domestic research on the release behavior of tritium in proliferator materials is currently studied. It is to conduct an off-release experiment, that is, seal the proliferator balls in a special container, remove them after irradiation of the reactor thermal neutrons, and finally release tritium in the laboratory through annealing. "
Chang Haonan's eyebrows One pick:
"Wouldn't it be difficult to put it into practical use?"
The half-life of tritium is only about 12 years. If it is a tritium lamp or a self-luminescent fluorescent agent, it is understandable that the lifespan is shorter.
But if it is to be used as energy, this model of tritium production outside the reservoir is obviously very unfavorable for storage and transportation.
A better approach seems to be to produce on-site, that is, to produce it directly in a reactor or nuclear warhead and then consume it on-site.
Peng Juexian's answer also verified his idea:
"That's right, so the ITER verification device in the Netherlands allows lithium ceramic materials to produce tritium while operating the reactor, and obtain the macroscopic tritium release characteristics of the proliferator during continuous irradiation by changing the temperature and carrier gas conditions. ...This advantage comes from their research that began as early as the 1970s, so even the United States currently needs to rely on the ITER platform to carry out related research. "
" Currently, in the field of tritium production in the reservoir, it is the only one In theory, several Japanese universities can compete with Europeans, but for well-known reasons, they have almost no room for operation in the field of nuclear engineering, so they also hope to take the ITER channel..."
After all, it is the origin of modern science and industry, and its family background is rich enough.
Although I have been through a relatively half-century of declining, until the first decade of the 21st century, Europeans still have some special skills that make people jealous.
Or rather, it is confusing how Europe can become such a level of waste in just over a decade on the original timeline.
"Who are our competitors at present?" Chang Haonan asked while opening a computing project file on his computer.
"At this stage, only the EU itself, the United States and Russia, but it is possible to join Japan in the next cycle."
Peng Juexian replied: "Because of the nature of ITER, it is not enough to do so." , plus all engineering tests are carried out in Europe, we are not very good at stopping this... "
As he spoke, the voice became smaller and smaller.
Because he saw the molecular simulation diagram that had just been rendered on the computer screen next to him.
Although there is no legend to illustrate what small balls of different colors represent.
But as an expert in the field of nuclear energy, he still recognized the characteristic structure of lithium alumina at a glance.
"Wait a minute..."
Peng Juexian's face suddenly became complicated: "Didn't you just say... Haven't you studied the behavior of tritium release?"
Chang Haonan stopped moving his mouse: "I just said that in nuclear batteries, we will not specifically enrich tritium produced by absorbing neutrons, but we have never said that we will not study this process... After all, we must also consider the entire service cycle. , Will the continuous production of tritium adversely affect the neutron shielding performance and magnetofluid circulation process, especially in the middle and late stages of life. ”
“…”
Peng Juexian's mouth twitched slightly twice, but the other party's statement was reasonable and there was no point to refute.
In the end, Chang Haonan completed the closed loop of ideas for him: "Of course, at present, it is only a study on the single behavior of tritium diffusion, so strictly speaking, it is not considered a The completion process of 'release of tritium', including the behavioral characteristics of tritium production in the reactor, is only at the theoretical and simulation stage. "
But Peng Juexian no longer wants to dig into these literal details:
"Our guaranteed plan for the first cycle test is just to prove whether the diffusion of tritium can be enhanced by increasing lithium vacancy... It is just that if we simply perform this item, there is too little content and the meaning is relatively limited. , so another option is to actively choose a relatively back position in the first cycle, so as not to waste the time allocated to us as much as possible..."
"How to increase lithium vacancy..."
Chang Haonan turned his gaze back to the screen in front of him.
It is obvious that Peng Juexian and others have not been idle in the preparation process for ITER in recent years, and have proposed some mechanisms and assumptions. However, because they started late and lacked objective conditions, the progress was not optimistic.
But since the research between the two parties happens to be at the same stage, it is not impossible to be a part of the table.
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Peng Jue first heard the other party say the keywords, and thought the latter was interested in this research direction: "The enhancement of ion conductivity or lithium ion diffusion performance mainly comes from the lithium vacancies generated by irradiation, and The gap lithium is more likely to migrate and agglomerate to form defect clusters. The displacement of lithium ions during irradiation produces a large number of vacancy and gap lithium. These defects can enhance the diffusion performance of lithium ions in the material to a certain extent..."
Constant Haonan raised his hand gently, indicating that there is no need to say much:
"But if the first principle calculation of lithium vacancies is performed through density functional theory, it will be found that the two ion vacancies in lithium ceramics are lithium vacancies and oxygen vacancies. The formation energy of all positive values indicates that the formation of ion vacancy in the system is not energy-benefiting..."
Although his thoughts were refuted, Peng Juexian not only did not feel unhappy, but became excited because of this ——
This shows that the two of them finally met the channel.
"It is indeed unfavorable in energy, but it must also be considered that in a neutron irradiation environment, such energy can be said to be insignificant..."
He first explained a little, and then he also "Of course, it is precisely because this idea is beneficial in dynamics and thermodynamics that we need to use ITER's resources to conduct actual verification, otherwise we don't have to worry about this trouble ”
Chang Haonan instinctively felt that this route was not reliable, but there was no evidence at the moment, so he just kept it in mind for the time being, and he returned to the topic at the beginning:
"Since you are concerned about tritium spreading, we should try our best to get the order in a higher order..."
As he said, he retrieved a latest operating log on the computer:
"The reaction of lithium-6 to absorb neutrons will not only produce lithium ion vacancy, but also produce two other defect forms, namely, tritium and tritium replacement. According to estimates, the tritium defect will occupy the electrons in the system. At the lowest density, it will not bond to oxygen. It can basically be inferred that the gap-filled tritium will exist in the lithium ceramic in the form of gap atoms. "
" But instead Tritium is easily transferred in the crystal lattice of different lithium/oxygen ratios, such as lithium titanate and lithium silicate, and of course, including lithium alumina, which affects the diffusion process of tritium... In addition, because the radiation energy is far greater The oxygen ion formation energy of lithium oxides is inevitable, so oxygen free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals will appear, which promote each other with the replacement tritium defect..."
"In short, if the location of these defects can be understood and transfer methods, then it is possible to make some predictions about the defect properties and evolution of the ternary lithium ceramic system…”
"..."
Peng Jue first estimated it in his mind. After adding these contents, there would be no more time-wasting problems.
On the contrary, some efficiency needs to be accelerated to ensure completion.
It has solved the current dilemma.
But just as I was about to nod, I figured out some other flavor:
"So Academician Chang, do you also think that solid-state proliferators are a better development direction?"
As one of the proposers of helium-cold solid-state ball bed technology, Peng Juexian of course hopes that the path of solid-state proliferators can continue Go on.
However, even he himself dared not make a promise, and he also described the superior's report using the "transition stage" to leave enough room for circumcision for subsequent replacement of liquid proliferator.
"It is impossible to make a conclusion at the moment."
Chang Haonan pointed to the schematic diagram of the nuclear battery on the drawing next to him:
"But as far as the plasma power generation principle I am currently studying, solid-state proliferators have great advantages in stability. In the future, if the core is replaced from a fission carrier to a fusion carrier, it can avoid many engineering troubles..."
Peng Juexian:
? ? ?
There is no matter how you controllable fusion, so why have you started to consider changing the core?
(This chapter ends)