Chapter 539 The first particle accelerator! Artificial nuclear fission reaction! The dawn of the nuclear physics era!
After the speech, the laboratory officially entered a carnival state.
Music, food, dance, conversation.
The wines were filled with laughter and joy.
Aston returned to his old career and actually made a cocktail for everyone himself.
Before coming to Cavendish, he worked as a research and development engineer in a brewery and was a professional.
He smiled modestly:
"Enjoy as you like."
"I just guarantee safety and no responsibility for taste."
Many people are interested.
The wine made by the Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry is even worse, and it may burst into inspiration.
Wilson quipped:
"I have never drunk the fine wine that the Nobel Prize winner made for me in my life."
After saying that, he picked up a cup and tasted it, and immediately exaggeratedly exaggeratedly:
"Wow, it's the taste of the Nobel Prize!"
Everyone was hilarious.
The laboratory was filled with joy.
Li Qiwei and Rutherford were sitting in the corner, watching the lively scene in front of you.
Party law: The happier the more you eat.
Therefore, Wilson was the first to be hit and was happy.
After Thomson finished his speech, he talked to everyone and left early.
Now they are the two of them.
Rutherford suddenly asked:
"Bruce, have you really decided to leave Europe next year?"
Li Qiwei shook the wine glass in his hand, and the blurred crimson refracted the deep light.
He said softly:
"Yes."
"The City of Science has been almost completed, and I need to go back and take charge."
"And, the political atmosphere in Europe is a bit strange now, and I have a bad premonition."
In Liqiwei's plan, it is expected to return to Borneo in 1925.
After this year's 4th Bruce Conference, quantum mechanics can be truly perfected.
All his scientific layouts in Europe were completed.
There is no need to stay here.
The next era is an era of vigorous development of nuclear tests.
It's time for experimental masters like Rutherford to show their skills.
Li Qiwei stayed at Borneo base camp, but it was better than in the UK.
He has more time to guide Qian Wushi and others to complete various breakthroughs.
In fact, at the moment of meeting Ramanujin, Li Qiwei even had the urge to leave.
However, for the next Pangu plan, he had to wander around Europe and manage his relationships.
Contact and negotiation with the British and Dutch governments has given his power a deeper infiltration into Borneo.
Just wait until the time is right, listen to Yuan Yin!
Borneo will naturally change its wings and become his ban on Li Qiwei.
At that time, the real dragon returns to the sea and the tiger runs to the mountains!
"I use science to keep the mountains and rivers forever!"
Rutherford frowned slightly when he heard this.
Although he doesn't pay much attention to current affairs, he also knows that Germany and Italy have not been very peaceful recently.
Some people are ready to promote some bad ideas.
This has even affected the scientific community.
The last time he was preparing to attend the atomic conference was cancelled for some unknown reason.
However, Rutherford was optimistic.
"Bruce, don't think too much."
"Europe has just experienced such a big war, and no one dares to take the blame for the world and start a dispute again."
"However, it's time for you to go back, just for your family."
"If you don't retire, young people should scold you."
Li Qiwei smiled.
At this time, Rutherford said with a relaxed expression:
"You also donated a wireless telegraph to the laboratory, which is very convenient to contact."
"And, you can go to your place when you hold a conference in the future, just take it as a global trip."
"You capitalist, you have to reimburse us for the horse and bus expenses."
In order to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Cavendish laboratory, visitors carefully prepared various gifts.
Li Qiwei was simple and crude. With a wave of his hand, he ordered a high-end wireless telegraph machine as a gift, which made everyone envious.
No one dared to compete with Professor Bruce.
Just kidding, physicists are just the poorest identity of the other party.
Li Qiwei smiled slightly after hearing Rutherford's comfort and jokes.
He is also looking forward to what the future will be.
He raised his head and drank the red wine in his hand.
Then, my face turned into a pig's liver.
"Damn!"
"The wine made by Aston is too hard to drink."
Rutherford laughed, how much he wished time could stay at this moment.
The carnival lasted for more than an hour.
Rutherford stood up, walked to the stage, and said with a smile:
"People, please listen to me."
"At 3 pm this afternoon, the laboratory will hold an academic salon."
"If you are interested, you can attend the salon."
"If you are not interested, you can continue to have fun here, and the wine and food will be served."
Everyone was overjoyed when they heard this.
This arrangement is very good.
Of course, Heisenberg and others chose to attend the salon.
Most others choose to continue celebrating and having fun.
They are very self-aware. If they go there, wouldn’t it be lowered from the salon level?
——
Cavendish Laboratory, 3:00 pm.
Under Rutherford's organization, the salon was held in a larger conference room.
There are all kinds of wine and food in the room.
More than thirty people participated.
Everyone sat down casually, no order.
At this time, Rutherford presided over:
"Today's salons have no specific topics, and you can talk about any academic issues at will."
"With Professor Bruce here, you must seize the opportunity."
Many people have hot eyes, which is a good opportunity to ask for advice.
If you ask a good question, you can really reach the top in one step and become famous in the physics community.
The best example is Thomson Jr.
"However, before the free discussion, I have prepared two links."
"First, several of my students will give a report first and share some of the latest achievements of Cavendish."
"If you have any questions or want to know, you can ask questions at will."
"Second, I invite Professor Wilson to share his latest work in the cloud room."
"In addition, he will also show the question that Professor Bruce answered at the Quantum Mechanics Conference, namely the problem of electron trajectory in the cloud chamber."
After Rutherford finished speaking, everyone became interested.
Whether it is the student's report or Wilson's Cloud Room, they are currently cutting-edge topics in physics.
Even if they are big bosses or geniuses, they must continue to learn.
Soon, the first student came on stage.
"Hello everyone, I'm Cock Raofu."
"My research topic is particle accelerator."
"Please look at the pictures, everyone." "This is a proton accelerator I invented and made."
"Its principle is to accelerate protons by superimposing linear electromagnetic fields."
"Currently, it is possible to generate a DC potential difference of about 800 kV."
"After the proton is accelerated by this accelerator, its energy is sufficient to undergo a nuclear reaction."
Wow!
Cock Rauf looked a little nervous, but his research work surprised everyone.
Particle accelerator is the hottest topic in the field of atomics at present.
Many laboratories are trying to make this instrument.
With Li Qiwei proposing the concept of nuclear fusion, the discipline of nuclear physics was officially born.
The bombardment experiment of atomic nuclei requires greater particle energy.
Old equipment used to be gradually eliminated.
Now it is the world of particle accelerators.
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From theory to practice, research on it is developing rapidly.
The accelerator that Yirena built herself before was not comparable to that of Cock Raof.
Sure enough, he continued:
"According to the information I have retrieved, my accelerator should be the world's first real particle accelerator."
Everyone couldn't help but be amazed!
Cavendish lab is indeed getting stronger and stronger.
It is a cliff-leading leader in atomics, and it is not even comparable to the Institute of Quantum Research.
Rutherford smiled and nodded with satisfaction.
The laboratory was carried forward in his hands, which made him extremely relieved.
Yirena's beautiful eyes lit up, and she whispered to Li Qiwei:
"Professor, this accelerator made by Cock Raof uses capacitors and rectifiers."
"So it only needs low pressure to generate strong acceleration."
"This is so practical!"
Irena was very envious.
Compared with other people's accelerator, she felt extremely frustrated.
Li Qiwei comforted:
"It's okay, after he invented it, you can use it directly."
"Next time you need it, come to Cavendish to find Professor Rutherford."
Irena was so amused and laughed at when she heard this. Is that okay?
Li Qiwei looked at the young man in his twenties ahead and knew it.
In real history, Cock Rauf invented the world's first linear accelerator.
In 1932, he and Walton, another student of Rutherford, bombarded lithium atoms with accelerated protons and successfully generated helium atoms.
This is also the first time that humans have achieved artificial nuclear fission reactions, which shocked the physics community.
With this achievement, Cock Rauf and Walton won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1951.
Calculate the age, Walton probably hasn't come to Cavendish yet.
Just two years later, in 1934, physicists realized artificial nuclear fusion reaction for the first time.
At this time, someone may be confused:
"Huh? Didn't it mean that uranium nuclear fission is the first nuclear fission phenomenon discovered?"
"How can I come out with Cock Raofu?"
After Cock Rauf and Walton used particle accelerators to manually implement nuclear fission reactions, physicists at the time had a consensus.
That is, after a nuclear fission reaction occurs, it can only crack into atoms with similar atomic numbers.
What does it mean?
For example, if element No. 50 undergoes nuclear fission, it can only form several elements such as No. 49/48/47.
In other words, at most a few protons are lost in the atomic nucleus, and there is little change.
Many bombardment experiments have also proved this.
However, when physicists bombarded the uranium element, they discovered anomalies.
Element 92 uranium was the last element of the periodic table known at that time.
After nuclear fission reaction occurs using neutron bombardment, in theory, elements such as No. 91/90/89 should be generated.
But physicists have tried many times but found no trace of these elements.
So, everyone had a sudden idea: whether the element after uranium is generated, the so-called transuranium element.
If this is true, it would be a huge discovery.
Expanding the periodic table of elements is a temptation that no one can refuse.
Then, there are a series of thrilling stories.
Now we know that after nuclear fission of uranium, one of the reactions is to form element 56 barium and element 36 krypton.
This is almost equivalent to dividing the uranium nucleus into two.
It is completely different from the traditional nuclear fission reaction result (also known as [heavy nuclear fission]), which shocked the physics community.
Of course, there are other special features of uranium nuclear fission, but that is all a story.
At this moment, Cock Raofu reported his achievements seriously and put forward another shocking concept.
"Inspired by the concept of nuclear fusion proposed by Professor Bruce, Professor Rutherford believes that nuclear fission reactions should also exist."
"Also, he also pointed out that nuclear fission should have occurred in various particle bombardment experiments before."
"For example, the process of Professor Rutherford discovering protons, now according to the analysis, there are steps of nuclear fission."
"But those happen naturally and cannot be artificially manufactured or controlled."
"So, my goal is to use particle accelerators to achieve a nuclear fission reaction manually."
Wow!
Everyone was simply shocked!
This young man with an ordinary appearance was not concerned about it.
Unexpectedly, he was a peerless man.
He actually wanted to achieve an artificial nuclear fission reaction!
If this succeeds, it will definitely be a major achievement that shocks the physics community.
Although the concept of nuclear fission is not as shocking as nuclear fusion at the time.
But it is also the most important theory in the field of nuclear physics.
Everyone sighed:
"Cavendish is indeed hidden and lying on the tiger."
At this moment, Irena suddenly asked:
"Mr. Cock Rauf, why don't you want to achieve artificial nuclear fusion reaction first?"
Cock Raofu was a little excited when he heard this.
He knew that the beauty in front of him was the famous Irena.
Therefore, he acted enthusiastically.
"That's right, Miss Irena."
"Actually, what I first studied was nuclear fusion reaction."
"But even if I adjust the power of the accelerator to the maximum, it still has no effect."
“The conditions required for artificial nuclear fusion are very harsh.”
"So, I had to choose a more easy nuclear fission."
"After all, the bombardment experiment process is more suitable for fission rather than fusion."
Irena nodded slightly when she heard this.
She suddenly had some inspiration from Cock Raofu's words just now.
Next, several more students came on stage one after another.
Their content is also wonderful, reflecting Cavendish's profound heritage and strength.
Several of them, like Cock Raofu, attracted Li Qiwei's attention.
For example, Kapicha from the Soviet Union, in real history, the other party was the discoverer of superfluids and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978.
The so-called superfluid refers to a state of matter, that is, it has no friction at all and can superfluid.
If the superfluid is placed in an annular container, it can flow endlessly.
This phenomenon was later successfully explained by the famous Langdao using the condensed matter theory.
In later generations, some people proposed a bold theoretical guess: the essence of time and space may be some form of superfluid.
According to this view, quantum mechanics can be used to explain gravity, thereby unifying the four basic forces.
At this moment, when several Rutherford's students finished reporting, they won applause from everyone.
"Cavendish is indeed the temple of atomic research!"
"It's so scary!"
(This chapter ends)