Chapter 326: The redemption in the world is no longer a false statement
In a sense, true collective agricultural production should be closer to the concept of assembly line than traditional farming in the Celestial Empire.
(One hundred words are omitted here)
First of all, we must clarify the first thing. Large-scale collective agricultural production is not about pursuing the upper limit of land output, but about ensuring the stability of the production efficiency of individual workers, which is about ensuring the lower limit of land output.
This goal and pursuit, objectively speaking, is not very compatible with the New Celestial Period.
When it was first established, the total population was 540 million, the arable land area was 1.482 billion mu, and the per capita was only 2.74 mu of arable land. According to the statistical yearbook, in the first year of the Xin Dynasty, the average land yield was only 69 kilograms, and the wheat yield was only 43 kilograms per mu. After deducting the number of seeds, each mu of land was only 60 kilograms.
In other words, even if the New Heavenly Dynasty tried its best to balance the distribution, after deducting grain and loss, the per capita food can be eaten only about 164 kilograms.
And what about an English serf in the 12th century?
According to some records, a bishop once specially exempted the other party's tithe because a serf had only 20 acres of land.
One acre is almost 6 acres. In other words, this pitiful, pathetic, poor serf, who was already on the verge of life and death because he had only allocated 120 acres of arable land.
Even the bishop couldn't bear to collect the other party's tithes.
The gap between per capita arable land between the two sides is so big that if the Xin Dynasty only adopts extensive farming, then grain output will only become increasingly insufficient.
At the same time, due to the end of the long-term war and the improvement of medical and health conditions at that time, the population of Xin Dynasty experienced an unprecedented boom.
The Malthus population trap that the British did not encounter was staged in the New Dynasty.
In order to meet the population's basic food needs, it has actually become an inevitable trend to continuously deepen intensive cultivation and obtain more food.
Rice plays another unique role in this.
As far as Gerris knows, it seems and is possible that all countries with rice as their staple food have entered the Malthus population trap without exception.
Wheat and rice crops show different characteristics during the cultivation process.
Compared with rice, no matter how much effort the farmer invests, the yield per mu of wheat is actually relatively difficult to increase.
But rice is different. The yield per mu of rice can be proportional to the manpower invested.
As long as the farmer invested enough effort, it could easily exceed 400 kilograms per mu in ancient times. In the New Dynasty, it even reached 1,500 kilograms per mu. In some areas, it could reach nearly 2,000 kilograms per mu before the emergence of hybrid rice.
For a father, if he has enough children to help him cultivate paddy fields, he will get enough labor and thus enjoy more food.
In other words, when land cannot grow and increasing labor can bring about grain output, it is indeed a truth to have more children and more blessings.
However, when one of the children grows up, their land share will almost certainly be smaller than that of the previous generations.
But at the same time, they can still choose to increase the number of children and get the protection of their own generation. However, if so generations continue, the land that farmers can occupy will inevitably fall to an indescribable terrifying situation.
And when Zeng Guofan said: Forty years, people who should have killed not killed have been full of pits and valleys.
A seemingly sturdy society will have a slight fluctuation, and people will eat each other.
When the Japanese faced this situation, their choice was to directly expel the second son from their family. In the Japanese shogunate era, if the second son lived in his elder brother's house, he could be said to be the "slave" of the eldest son.
As long as people are no longer humans, they will naturally not starve to death.
Another point is that (100 words are omitted here)
As for this problem, how did Garys solve it...
The answer is that it will not be solved.
Anyway, the Franks themselves did not have the habit of meticulous cultivation, and the collective farms in Antioch were actually just improvements to the original Frank manor system.
In the manor-made production model, serfs are obliged to farm the lord's land for one or two days a week.
During these days, the lord actually only asked the serfs to cultivate the land roughly, then sprinkle seeds, and then let the serfs occasionally pull out the weeds, and then they can wait until the crops are harvested.
How can serfs fish?
Even if you stumble on fish, what if you do?
Of course, the yield per mu of such land will be very low, but if 100 acres of fields cannot produce enough grain, then find a way to reclaim another 100 acres.
For a long time, before the land enclosure movement began, the owners of the British and French manors never said: "If you don't do it, some people will do it."
Even according to the Vikings, French lords often appeared. Because they needed to farm serfs, they would generously pay ransom to the Vikings to redeem the captured serfs.
Of course, even so, the population in Europe is still rising slowly. Logically speaking, sooner or later, one day, we will face the dilemma of the Celestial model.
However, before he welcomed the "If you don't do it, there are people who do it", the Black Death came first.
In the Population Elimination Game, the Black Death achieved good results of at least 25 million, or as many as 50 million, and successfully helped the Europeans at that time solve too many problems.
When one-third or one-half of the population was erased from the European land by the Black Death, the population value of the serf group became even greater. In addition, the rise of towns at the same time, a large number of serfs even easily got rid of the serf status and became free people...
Then, during the population recovery period, the emergence of the New World once again eliminated the problem of too many people.
Not to mention how many people can successfully moisturize, but at least one pressure relief valve is left.
During Mohammed's inspection, more information about Antioch farms was also known to him.
As a large amount of land is used for grazing, grazing not only brings meat, eggs and milk, but also provides the livestock needed for land farming.
Whether it is ox plowing or horse plowing, it actually exists in the farm where he is.
And this is actually something that is more contrary to the perception of many people in the future, compared with the Song Dynasty and the Celestial Empire after the Song Dynasty.
Because there are large tracts of land that can be grazed, whether in Western Europe or the Eastern Empire, it is actually not so lacking in animal power.
After a series of calculations, Mohammed ended up with a rather surprised number.
"You mean that in this farm, even women, everyone can get 1,500 pounds of food and nearly 100 pounds of meat?"
After thinking about it, Lance shook his head.
Then he said, "You just calculated the annual output, but 20% of the grain should be used as seeds or grain reserves, and 25% should be paid taxes. In addition to leaving enough food, the remaining grain should also be sold forcibly." Lance actually does not have enough professional and technical personnel, or farm backbone, to promote the production model of collective farms to Quanandong.
But there must be encouragement for the farm model.
Therefore, compared with the 30% tax in ordinary rural areas, the agricultural tax paid by farms is half a percent lower than the agricultural tax produced by non-farms. This is actually the preferential treatment of the Governor's Office for farm production methods.
Although it is only five percent, expanding this five percent to the entire farm range means paying a few thousand pounds of agricultural tax.
"Forced sale?" Mohammed was a little confused about the word.
"Yes, it's forced sale. On average, one person leaves about 400 pounds of grain, plus twenty or thirty pounds of meat, and other grains have to be sold for money, and then dividends are paid to the workers on the farm and farm."
Lance used the word worker, and this was actually the influence of Garys.
In such collective farms, the peasant's attributes have gradually been replaced by workers.
The purpose of agricultural production is no longer to satisfy the self-survival of farmers, but to be asked to sell it on the market.
The same is true. If farmers eat more food, the city people should eat less. In fact, Gerris was willing to pay high monetary dividends to the farm workers, and he did not want the farmers to eat too much of the food they grew.
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At least if farm workers are paid high monetary dividends, it will improve the purchasing power of farm workers and create a consumer market, thereby stimulating the production of other non-agricultural industries, so that the handicrafts produced in the city will not be left to go.
And this view actually creates a result, that is, the efficiency of currency circulation is constantly accelerating.
The original precious metal currencies have begun to deflate slightly.
Looking at the entire Levant region, the desire for currency is becoming increasingly prominent.
Therefore, before leaving Jerusalem, Gerris began to instruct the Bank of Jerusalem to prepare to issue paper money to meet the demand for commodity circulation.
After all, Gerris hopes to create a reflection of the civilization of heaven on the land of the Levant.
Instead of exploiting farm workers and workshop workers, Leviathan, whose gap between the rich and the poor is extremely widened.
This actually means that the currency holdings of each household will exceed the ordinary people's homes in any other country in this era.
Gerris actually knows when the reflection of the civilization beacon of heaven will come.
And how long this lighthouse can be lit, Gerris is a little uncertain.
He only knew that no matter how many ideal colors this dream is filled with, it also has its practical significance.
After all, it is hard to imagine something that people have never seen before.
Whether it is Christianity, Islam, whether it is democracy or capital, in fact, even the secular heaven itself depicted by Gerris is just an order constructed by imagination.
They do not actually exist in nature, but require cognition and definition based on the consciousness of the human brain. When millions of people believe in their existence and believe that they are self-evident truths, their existence is unbreakable.
But sometimes it only takes a few or more years to subvert and change it.
And how can people believe in these orders? Generally speaking, external statements must be insisted that they are absolutely true and not fiction.
Always emphasize that this kind of order to maintain stable order is an objective reality, created by the great God or the laws of nature.
If the order emphasizes inequality among all, it should be divided into Muslims and slaves, not because the caliphs said so, but because the prophets proved the rationality and necessity of the existence of slaves through their own words and deeds.
If the order emphasizes equality for all, as in the Declaration of Independence, it cannot be said that Thomas Jefferson himself said, but that this is the result of God's way of creating man.
Of course, the group of people who founded the United States had a large group of themselves who were slave owners and men.
So they excluded people of color and women in the Declaration of Independence, and some theologians also promoted the Africans as descendants of Ham, son of Noah, who once cursed Ham’s descendants to be slaves to other brothers.
What Gerris did was to establish a new order, which needed to be broken and convince the people to believe it.
How to convince?
From the moment they were born, countless people had been reminded and reminded that the order they lived in was everlasting.
They believe that following the old order can only bring good harvests, health, and ascend to heaven. If you violate that order, you will have many ups and downs in your life, everything will not go well, and you will not be able to obtain reincarnation. Those orders all emphasize their own truth and warn the world not to violate it.
Whether it is Feng Shui or reincarnation, blind obedience to the faith of God... are all like this.
Gerris wants the people to believe in the correctness of their own path and is on the road of true faith.
Then we cannot rely solely on verbal debates, but must have real and iron facts to shake the mountains that are pressed in people's hearts.
Every farm worker will not starve to death by 400 pounds of food per person. As for the per capita meat per person per year, it is the idea that serfs and the free people at the bottom can only exist in their dreams.
What is the superiority of the kingdom of heaven? This is the superiority of the kingdom of heaven.
Those serfs who believe in the old system and recognize that the nobles are born to ride on the necks of serfs will inevitably face a situation where they are difficult to fill.
Those rich peasants who deny the organizational structure of collective farms will inevitably face the blow of grain dumping from collective farms.
The verbal realm of heaven has already been in the world, and a little spark of true sparks have been created.
The promise of Gerris's present salvation is no longer a false statement.
A lighthouse, its base, has been built by rocks taken from the Holy Mountain of Tabor.
Many people are looking forward to what a hope that the lighthouse will fill the world when it is lit up on a stormy night.
(This chapter ends)