"The main output is the national dialect rhyme database of dialect rhymes in my country, including three major parts: initial consonant collection, final vowel collection, and tone collection. It establishes a full range of Chinese rhyme systems, and uses computer technology to find out the rules of sound formation."
"There is a tendency in the academic community now, a bad tendency." Zhou Zhi said: "Although since the 1940s, headed by Swedish sinologist Gao Benhan and committed to the research of ancient Chinese pronunciation, it has gradually grown and grown today, and has formed a different and unique and grand research system, but there are still many problems."
"The method introduced by Gaobenhan is very unique, based on comparing ancient rhyme patterns, medieval rhyme books and comparisons with other languages. The method commonly used since then is to compare synchronic evidence such as rhymes and Tongfa characters with medieval Chinese recorded in rhyme books such as "Chicun" (601), but this is not conducive to phonetic analysis. Supplementary evidence includes homologous words and Fujian pronunciations of other Chinese-Tibetan languages, early transliterations of foreign place names, nearby Miao Yao language, Taiwanese branch and early borrowing words of Tochari language family, etc.."
"Although the marks used by various similes are quite different, many details are still controversial, and most newer similes have reached certain agreements on core issues. At least some consensus was reached in the 1970s, including fewer tuning parts in ancient Chinese than in Chinese, with clear sounds, soft palate sounds, and lip-throat initials, and consonants at the end of the rhyme from more to less."
"In recent years, most scholars have agreed with the six-vowel sound system and the recombinant stream sound system. Early mesophonics mostly assumed the turbid voice-chopping rhyme tail to explain the contact between inclined words and other characters in rhymes, but many researchers now believe that ancient Chinese lacks tones, and the tones of medieval Chinese are caused by the fall of other consonants at the end of the rhyme."
"And after we have conducted a general investigation, we do not agree with this view."
"We will not talk about the basis of ancient Chinese for now. After all, the main basis of ancient Chinese melody is the rhyme pattern of the seventh century Chinese, Chinese characters and the Book of Songs from the tenth to the seventh century BC. The evidence for other types is not very comprehensive, but it can be very valuable, such as Fujian language, early place name transliteration, early borrowing words with neighboring languages, homologous words in relative languages, etc.."
"But for the Book of Songs alone, whether there is a tone is not to be discussed. Just like the 'Shi Shishi Shishi', in which the tone must be distinguished in the case of single-sounding characters in Chinese characters, the meaning cannot be expressed, which is fundamentally contrary to the logic of the generation of Chinese pronunciation."
"I think this situation is influenced by foreign researchers." Zhou Zhi began to talk about this: "Gao Benhan, Wang Li, Pu Liben, Li Fanggui, Bai Yiping, Yahongtov, Zheng Zhang Shangfang and Staroskin. They actually made a mistake, or because they were not capable, which led to them conducting theoretical and methodological research."
"This is like a dish, such as the refried pork. From the classic text, I know that this dish requires the second knife meat to be cooked until the chopsticks can be poked through. Take it out and cut it into thin slices, put it in the pan and stir-fry it into a lamp nest, then add fermented black beans, bean paste, and green garlic sprouts. Stir evenly, add salt, and MSG is ready to be served."
"But the problem is that no one knows what kind of meat Erdao meat is, nor what the taste of fermented black beans and bean paste is. If Erdao meat is understood as a type of beef or a type of chicken, fermented black beans are understood as cooked beans, and bean paste is understood as broad bean paste, can the double-cooked meat beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans, can the double-cooked meat beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans beans
"Starting from Gao Benhan, following the next Staroskin and Yahontov, their understanding of ancient rhymes, and the methodology they summarized under the incomplete basic conditions is worthy of praise, but the work they did is just to refine the recipe. For example, knowing that fermented black beans should be soaked in soy sauce of fermented beans, and bean paste is made with fermented broad beans and pepper salt, but that's all." "The most authentic and direct taste of these things is not expressed in words, and sound cannot be expressed in words."
"Their academic translators and successors even went more sideways, ignoring the largest and most basic process in the humanities - field survey."
"Then we discovered a very interesting phenomenon." Zhou Zhi smiled and was a little playful: "Most medieval Chinese linguists are a little better about initial consonants, and they cannot even accurately interpret some dialect finals that have been preserved to this day. Not to mention the finals, they cannot even read the incoming tone."
"Their theoretical research may be very sophisticated, but their reorganization and construment are only on paper, or in their minds, and they cannot read it out directly and let everyone know it."
"This has brought about many strange pronunciations that can no longer be described as plausible. They are simply very different."
"Mr. Gu and I think that we still have to leave the study and return to the fields to find out the true face and taste of fermented black beans, bean paste, and second-blade meat, and then combine it with the theories of our predecessors, so that we can finally obtain the most inferred and remaining meditative and even ancient characters."
"First get the ingredients before you can get the recipe and cook. The seniors lack the good conditions we have now and the financial resources we have now. They are locked in the house to build a plan. That is under their cramped conditions, there is no way."
"What they couldn't do before doesn't mean we can't do it now."
"For example, before, we can only study the oldest rhyme collection, namely the Book of Songs. The study of the rhyme department of the Book of Songs started with Gu Yanwu's classification into 10 rhyme departments, and was later improved by the Qing Dynasty's bibliologists, which steadily increased the number of rhyme departments. For example, Mr. Duan (Yu Kuai) discovered that Chinese characters next to the same sound must belong to the same rhyme department, which allowed almost all characters to be included in a certain segment. Finally, Mr. Wang (Li) determined the number of rhyme departments of the Book of Songs to be thirty-one in the 1980s. Until the 1980s, the rhyme departments summarized by Mr. Wang were used in various compositions. When it came to Zheng Zhang Shangfang, Staroskin and Bai Yiping, they independently assumed a more radical division in the past few years, forming nearly fifty rhyme departments."
"However, even the pronunciation of these rhymes, even the scholars who summarized them, read it, is ridiculous, because these scholars have no such pronunciation at all, nor have multiple tones in their life since childhood, and have no chance to visit all over the country due to conditions to experience the pronunciation of these finals in various places. They can only 'take a cake in the air' and construct them out of thin air based on the rules summarized from books, in the absence of huge amounts of information." (End of this chapter)