Chapter 350: Talking about the Sui Dynasty
Li Nian nodded and said, "That's true. When the liquid water is boiled into gaseous water, its volume will change. It is difficult for the original container to contain it, as if a large object is stuffed into a small box."
"The small box cannot accommodate big things, but it must be compatible. The big box will naturally be stretched open to make it reach the point where it can accommodate it."
"The fundamental principle of manufacturing a steam engine is to use this outward support force."
"This power can be very strong, and it can drag cars, horses, boats and ships as Deputy Li said, and do things that are difficult to reach!"
Hearing this, Wei Liao continued, "The three states of water can be transformed into each other, and the gaseous water can be transformed into liquid water, thus endlessly and inexhaustible. It is really wonderful!"
Li Nian smiled and said, "Someone once said that 'the essence of human technology is boiling water and throwing stones'. Although this is a bit one-sided, it makes sense!"
"The essence of human technology is to boil water and throw stones." What does this mean?
Is this boiling water so powerful?
Everyone savored this sentence, but Li Nian did not explain it, and led the First Emperor and the ministers to visit other projects.
Although the steam engine is made, it is still far from creating practical steam trains and steam boats.
Not to mention that the horsepower of this steam engine is not enough, but Daqin cannot meet the material requirements for building trains and ships.
It is not possible to make things quickly with the technology of later generations. For example, the high-precision and high-strength parts used to make trains cannot be solved immediately, and it takes a certain amount of time.
Li Nian also wants the rapid development of Daqin technology, and it is best to unify Eurasia in one year and the earth in three years, but the situation of Daqin is obviously impossible, even if he cheats!
After the visit, the ministers left, Li Nian was left, and those who were also left behind were Meng Tian, Meng Yi, Wang Wan, Feng Jie, Feng Quji, Wang Jian, and Wang Ben.
In the past year, the number of people from the small group of Daqin listening has increased by five, all of whom the First Emperor believed to be loyal to Daqin and him.
Seeing these people being left, Zhao Gao and Li Si were calm on the surface, but were deeply worried in their hearts.
They are also important officials of the Qin Dynasty, so why didn’t Your Majesty keep them?
Does Your Majesty want them to know to participate if you have something to do?
The fewer the people, the heavier the matter, and the greater the power. Li Si and Zhao Gao, who have been in the court for many years, understand that the power of such a small circle is the highest, but unfortunately, Your Majesty seems to intend to expel them from this small circle.
Wei Liao, who was also not left behind, did not worry like Li Si and Zhao Gao. His family knew his family affairs, and he knew that he was not left behind, probably because he was not so loyal to Daqin.
In Zhangtai Palace, seeing the First Emperor keeping Li Nian, Meng Tian and them together, Wang Wan and others' eyes lit up. His Majesty obviously wanted Li Nian to tell them about the history of the future generations again.
When he learned that Li Nian came from a later generation more than two thousand years later, Wang Wan and others finally solved many mysteries that had plagued them for a long time: Why is this young master Li Nian so highly valued by His Majesty, and why is he so talented and wise, knowing astronomy, geography, government affairs, and military all involved?
If this person comes from a future generation more than two thousand years later and is a future person, then everything makes sense.
But it is quite amazing that people in the future can actually cross time to come to their era.
While they were surprised, they felt glad that they had not betrayed the Qin Dynasty and His Majesty in this well-known history, otherwise they would have been like Zhao Gao and Li Si.
Your Majesty has not dealt with Li Si and Zhao Gao for the time being, and he still has made them important officials of the Qin Dynasty, but they will definitely be liquidated in the future. Li Si may be able to be safeguarded, but Zhao Gao is dead, but he has not been buried in the soil.
They also understood why the First Emperor treated Fusu and Hu Hai especially, and Hu Hai, who had no chance to ascend to the throne again. Fusu was not good, and there was no chance again.
In fact, in Li Nian's advice to the First Emperor, Wang Wan, Wang Jian, Wang Ben should be selected to join the lecture group after a while.
Because although these three people have never done anything like Li Si and Zhao Gao in history, they are not as loyal as Meng Tian and Meng Yi.
After Wang Wan was taken away from the position of prime minister by Li Si, he retired, and Wang Jian and Wang Ben also resigned from office and retired.
Not to mention that it is worse than Meng Tian and Meng Yi, it is also a little worse than Feng Jie and Feng Quji who have been staying in the Qin Dynasty. Therefore, Li Nian advised Emperor Shi Huang to consider it carefully and decide after another inspection.
But the First Emperor finally decided to let several people be selected.
Because from the perspective of the First Emperor, Wang Wan is the head of the civil ministers of the Great Qin and Wang Jian is the head of the Great Qin military generals. If the small group continues to expand its number of people, these two people should be selected.
It is not a bad impact or a big deal to exclude the prime minister and military general of a country.
At the same time, this can also be expressed in his importance to several people: I have not forgotten several of my beloved ministers!
The First Emperor said, "Li Nian, you said last time that Yang Jian used the Sui Dynasty Zhou (Northern Zhou) to be the Sui Dynasty. What happened later? Why did he die in the second lifetime?"
Hearing the words of Emperor First Emperor, all the ministers in the palace cheered up and prepared to listen carefully. In the last speech, Li Nian once said that the second generation of Sui Dynasty was destroyed, wouldn’t it be like the Qin Dynasty?
The ministers already knew the reason for the death of the Second Emperor of the Great Qin Dynasty, but how did the Sui Dynasty destroy itself? It was so brave that it could become the only two of the Great Qin Dynasty in the ages!
To be honest, when it comes to the demise of the second lifetime, the Qin Dynasty was actually not as good as the Sui Dynasty, and Hu Hai's destructive power was not as powerful as Guangshen.
When Guangshen succeeded to the throne, Sui Dynasty was strong after Yang Jian's rule, but Guangshen collapsed in more than ten years.
Li Nian recalled what he said last time, and then said: "Go to Your Majesty, Yang Jian was a very promising wise ruler. After replacing the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he successively conquered the Western Liang and Southern Chen, and restored the reunification of China, which had been divided for many years. In terms of internal governance, he established a system of five provinces and six Caos, which was later changed to a system of three provinces and six ministries."
When Emperor Shiniu became emperor, he referred to the three provinces and six ministries system.
"Reform the local governments, change the three levels of prefecture, county and county to the two levels of prefecture and county, and adopt the suggestion of "staying free and getting rid of the big and getting rid of the small" proposed by Yang Shangxi, and either abolish or merge some counties, eliminating a large number of unnecessary officials, greatly saving the expenses of the court."
"He also appeased Lingnan, built Daxing City, set up imperial examinations, rectified official rule, and revised the "Kaihuang Law".
"Of course, the imperial examinations set up by Yang Jian are different from those of later generations, and did not have much impact at that time."
"After all, it was still a family of aristocratic families at that time. Those who could participate in the imperial examination were either originally from the aristocratic families or were related to the aristocratic families. Ordinary people could not even read and read, so how could they talk about participating in the imperial examination set up by Yang Jian?"
"But this is a good beginning after all. If there is no such beginning, how can we talk about the future?"
"However, in later generations, some people gave Yang Jian's merit to his son Yang Guang." It was obviously the imperial examination set up by Yang Jian in the Sui Dynasty, but some people only thought it was Yang Guang's merit. In fact, even if it was Yang Guang's merit, the imperial examination in the Sui Dynasty was not that useful. It was still a toy in the palm of aristocratic families and ordinary people could not participate.
It is said that Yang Guang was afraid of the family because of the opening of the imperial examination. He was fiercely resisted by the family, destroying various major plans that obstructed Yang Guang and dragging the great Guangshen to the death of Guangshen, which led to the failure of Guangshen's great cause and the death of the Second Emperor of the Sui Dynasty...
This is indeed too much of the influence of the imperial examinations during the Sui Dynasty. The imperial examinations of the Sui Dynasty almost made the aristocratic families full of success. How could the aristocratic families oppose Yang Guang because of the imperial examinations?
"Yang Jian also implemented the 'big search and 'determined case of the loss' to check the household registration of the world and collect taxes."
"'Da Suowei Yue' means to ask officials to check their household registration based on their appearance to prevent people from leaking their household registration. And 'Customer' means to use 300 to 500 households in the people, divide households and other households according to the sample standards, and use this to determine labor service and taxes."
"'Big Search' and 'Certificate of Submission' can be said to be the basis for Sui Dynasty to prosper, because it found a large number of hidden populations, greatly increasing the taxes of the Sui Dynasty's court!"
"In terms of martial arts, Yang Jian also made many achievements, conquering the Western Liang, Nanchen, and pacifying Lingnan internally, unifying China, and separating the Turks from the outside, causing Tuyuhun, Khitan, and Mohe to either submit or send envoys to pay tribute."
Emperor Qin Shi and others listened quietly without commenting. Li Nian continued: "After Yang Jian ascended the throne, his civil and military achievements were good. The Sui Dynasty reached a prosperous era under Yang Jian's more than 20 years of governance, known in history as the 'Kaihuang Governance'."
This is not just Yang Jian’s contribution, but also the foundation laid by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It is just that Yang Jian played a good role in the foundation of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
Li Nian's words also made the First Emperor and others even more curious.
Since Yang Jian ruled the Sui Dynasty as a prosperous era like "Kaihuang Governance", how did the Sui Dynasty die in the second lifetime?
Although the Qin Dynasty died in Hu Hai's hands for two lifetimes, the Qin Dynasty left to Hu Hai by the First Emperor has many problems, but it is not like the Sui Dynasty, which is a prosperous dynasty!
The problem must be with Yang Jian's successor, that is, the "Yang Guang" mentioned by Li Nian.
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But how fiercely Yang Guang must be to destroy the prosperous Sui Dynasty?
The First Emperor thought to himself that Yang Guang might be a "hero" who is more powerful than his Hu Hai!
Li Nian said again: "Yang Jian has almost no flaws in politics and military affairs, but his biggest problem is that he did not choose a suitable heir."
"This problem is so big that Sui has turned from prosperity to decline and collapsed quickly! And the heir chosen by Yang Jian is his second son Yang Guang!"
Hearing what Li Nian said, the First Emperor said in his heart, "As expected!", another emperor who did not choose a good heir and led to the collapse of the dynasty.
He inexplicably felt like he was empathetic to Yang Jian.
But in fact, the problem of Sui’s failure to choose a good heir is more serious than that of the Qin Dynasty, and the Qin Dynasty still cannot compare with it.
When the Qin Dynasty collapsed, Hu Hai could share the pot, but the First Emperor's pot was obviously bigger. Many problems with the Qin Dynasty had been there since then, but the Sui Dynasty collapsed, which was undoubtedly Yang Guang's pot was bigger.
After hearing Li Nian say that Yang Guang was the second son of the legitimate son, Feng Quji asked, "Then Yang Guang is the second son of the legitimate son. Could it be that there is another eldest son above him? Why is it not the eldest son who succeeded to the throne, but Yang Guang?"
Could it be that the eldest son died, so Yang Jian chose Yang Guang, the second son?
Li Nian smiled and said, "Before Yang Guang, Yang Jian had another eldest son, Yang Yong. He did not die prematurely. He was made the crown prince in the first year of Kaihuang, but his position as crown prince was later deposed by Yang Jian. And Yang Yong's position as crown prince has a lot to do with Yang Guang!"
"These two were born to Yang Jian's empress, Dugu Jialuo. Although Yang Jian was a wise ruler, according to some rumors, he loved Dugu Jialuo very much and was even a little afraid of it."
It is not a good thing for the emperor to be a love species. If he is still afraid of his inner self, it will be even worse, unless he is a son of luck like Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu.
It doesn’t have to be said by Li Nian. Shi Huang and others can already think of the subsequent development process:
It was nothing more than that Empress Dugu liked the second son and did not like the eldest son, so she made Yang Jian abolish the eldest son and appointed the second son.
Li Nian said: "Empress Dugu married Yang Jian, who was seventeen years old at the age of fourteen. She was a young couple. She accompanied Yang Jian through many difficulties, so Yang Jian loved her very much. Empress Dugu was also the person who could influence Yang Jian's decisions in the Sui Dynasty the most."
"Empress Dugu gave birth to five sons and five daughters for Yang Jian, the eldest son Yang Yong, the second son Yang Guang, and Yang Jun, Yang Xiu and Yang Liang. Empress Dugu can influence Yang Jian's decision. If she can be recognized by Empress Dugu, it will basically be equivalent to being recognized by Yang Jian!"
The First Emperor said with a strange expression: "Was Yang Guang taking the route of Queen Dugu?"
In fact, some people have walked this route in Daqin. It was the father of the First Emperor. He followed the Huayang Lady's route according to Lu Buwei's words and was successfully established as the crown prince of Daqin.
If Yiren did not follow the route of Mrs. Huayang, perhaps the historical route of China would change.
Li Nian nodded and said, "That's right!"
"Empress Dugu advocates frugality and hates a man's three wives and four concubines. She believes that a man will love his wife all his life. It is said that when she was alive, even Yang Jian did not dare to accept a concubine openly."
"Yang Yong is the opposite of his mother. He likes luxury and pleasure, and is also very lustful, and has taken many concubines."
Yang Yong's name is really right. He is really brave and he is very ignorant. He knows what his mother doesn't like, so he faces her mother.
My mother, you advocate frugality, so I am extravagant and enjoyment. My mother, you don’t like men’s three wives and four concubines, so I take many beautiful concubines...
This is just trampling on Queen Dugu’s minefield. It would be strange if she was not killed by the bomb!
"In addition, Yang Yong did not like his Crown Princess, but instead favored Yiyun Zhaoxun and gave birth to three sons with him. The Crown Princess was chosen by Empress Dugu and Yang Jian for Yang Yong. Yang Yong did not favor his wife, but instead favored him, which would naturally make Empress Dugu dissatisfied."
The Crown Princess was chosen by Empress Dugu and Yang Jian to Yang Yong, which also means that the daughter-in-law has been recognized by both. Yang Yong does not favor the Crown Princess, but in fact he is also beating Empress Dugu and Yang Jian in the face.
What do you mean by Yang Yong? I and your father chose for you. You are not satisfied with it and want to spoil a concubine?
Do you think your wings are hard and you can stop listening to your parents?
"But even at this time, although Empress Dugu was dissatisfied with Yang Yong, she did not completely turn into disgust. Unfortunately, the Crown Princess became ill because Yang Yong favored Yun Zhaoxun but did not favor her, and died!"
Yang Yong was also a little bit of his fault. Empress Dugu had already disliked him. Now that the crown prince's concubine is still dead, Empress Dugu's perception of this eldest son will inevitably deteriorate quickly.
"And at this time, Yang Yong did another stupid thing. After the Crown Princess' death, he immediately asked Yun Zhaoxun to preside over the Crown Princess' uterus."
(This chapter ends)