Chapter 30 Virtue is the law in the heart, and law is the written virtue
Zhu Yijun actually dislikes these rotten scholars. It is always tiring to play against them. For example, when giving a banquet, the little emperor had to ask, what is politics.
Wang Jiaping, a bachelor of banquets, was stunned for a moment before he said: "Politics means righteousness, and those who govern are righteous."
Another bachelor of banquets, Jiajing Forty-four Fan Yingqi, the number one scholar in the year, bowed his head and said: "Politics means literature. Those who are in politics should respect literature."
Wang Jiaping did not wait for the emperor to ask questions and continued: "The way to govern is to be a righteous person, use a righteous person, and follow the right path. Do the right thing."
"Government affairs are complicated, and it is just a matter of dealing with the right people. The first task of government should be to employ people. If a good person is in a high position, the villain will restrain his behavior; if he is in a high position, he will be simple. "A heavy weight is a light thing."
Fan Yingqi continued: "The law of government is: the text carries the road, the pen is the tool, the people are educated, and the pen is the flower." Yes, the first thing to do in politics is to correct the atmosphere. If the atmosphere is clear and the seas and rivers are clear, bad behavior will not be able to hide; the pen is a tool and a tool to educate all people."
Wang Jiaping said quite solemnly: "In this way. With literature, the government can be governed, the country can be expected, and the people can be guided."
After listening to what the two people said, Zhu Yijun looked at the "Analects of the Four Books" annotated by Zhang Juzheng in his hand and was silent. After a long time, he said: "Mr. Yuan Fu explained: Zheng: Those who correct others are not correct. Correcting the incorrect behavior of others is politics. Only after correction can we govern. What do you two think?"
Zhang Juzheng interpreted the word "zheng", and the scholar Zhang Juzheng interpreted the word "zheng", and the words he solved were all orthographic characters.
What Zhang Juzheng solved is a verb, correct to correct, and act with power to correct.
But when speaking about the banquet, the explanation is a noun, righteousness means righteousness, correctness means righteousness.
Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi looked at each other again, bowed their heads and said in unison: "Mr. Yuan Fu is right."
"Hahaha." Feng Bao and Zhang Hong, two eunuchs He did not hesitate to ridicule himself, saying that eunuchs were flattering. Which of these ministers in the court was not a powerful person? Everyone has the same virtues, so why should civil servants scold eunuchs for being flattering every day?
When the two bachelors gave lectures on the feast, and when their understandings differed from those of Zhang Juzheng, they would only say one sentence, is Mr. Yuan Fu right?
Zhu Yijun smiled.
Feng Bao looked at Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi. Zhang Juzheng was giving a banquet and his Majesty was answering fluently, but the two banquet bachelors seemed a little awkward.
Zhang Juzheng is the chief minister. The current cabinet is very different from the cabinet in the early Ming Dynasty. The cabinet in the early Ming Dynasty can only be regarded as the secretariat, responsible for helping the emperor handle some official documents. The current cabinet has overwhelming power. Administrative center.
The power of the cabinet rose during the Zhengtong years, when the young master was in doubt, and Sanyang assisted the government. During the Jingtai, Tianshun, and Chenghua years, there were certain ups and downs. However, by the Hongzhi period of Ming Xiaozong, the cabinet had already He became the representative of the ministerial power, and the status of the chief assistant began to become more and more noble. At that time, the chief assistant gradually became the head of the officials.
The cabinet in the early Ming Dynasty only had deliberation power and could express opinions, but did not have any administrative power.
But in the Wanli period of the cabinet, the chief minister could not only act on the legislative power, but also on the administrative power. Some of the decision-making power that originally belonged to the emperor was transferred to the cabinet.
Yang Bo, Wang Chonggu, Zhang Siwei, and Ge Shouli have deep roots in the Jin Party and can still compete with Zhang Juzheng. However, Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi have no courage to question Zhang Juzheng's views, otherwise the next day He will be dismissed because he stepped into the official office with his left foot.
Zhu Yijun looked at Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi and shook his head and asked, "What is virtue?"
Wang Jiaping bowed his head and said, "Benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom and trust."
Fan Yingqi bowed his head and said: "Be kind, courteous, thrifty and yielding."
Wang Jiaping continued: "Cultivating oneself, managing one's family, governing the country, and bringing peace to the world are prerequisites for studying things, improving knowledge, sincerity, and rectifying one's mind. A person's practice is a virtue in the heart and manifests externally. "For etiquette."
Fan Yingqi continued: "Be knowledgeable, think carefully, practice diligently, and have a benevolent heart, and the prerequisites are kindness, humility, frugality, and tolerance." With courtesy.”
That’s all correct bullshit.
After Zhu Yijun listened, he looked at the two banquet bachelors and asked: "Mr. Yuan Fu explained: Virtue: The principle of practicing experience means that you need to experience it personally, and understand what you see, hear, and think about. The truth is virtue.”
"The ethics of ethics are to be prepared in one's own family first, and then they are taught to guide the world; the laws and regulations are to be upheld by one's own family first, and then they are legislated to order the world. It is said: Virtue is the law in the heart, and the law is the written virtue."< br>
“Cultivation of one’s character with virtue, and rule of the country by law. Those who correct others are not correct, and conduct government with virtue.”
“What do you think, two great bachelors?”
Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi had no choice but to bow his head and said: "Mr. Yuan Fu is right."
When politics is a noun, the virtue interpreted is also a noun, and when politics is a verb, the virtue interpreted is also a verb.
"You two bachelors, you only know this sentence, is Mr. Yuan Fu right?" Zhu Yijun said quite disappointedly. As a ten-year-old little emperor, he was very willing to learn how to govern the country, but Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi seemed to dare not challenge Zhang Juzheng's authority.
"Your Majesty is wise." Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi didn't know how to answer, so they could only bow their heads and say.
“Hahaha!” Feng Bao and Zhang Hong finally laughed, looking at the two embarrassed bachelors, their smiles were particularly public.
As internal officials, Feng Bao and Zhang Hong's duty is to quarrel with the outer court under the emperor's instructions. The foreign ministers have lost face, so Feng Bao and Zhang Hong will naturally gain power and not spare others. This If there is no time to beat the drowned dog, when will it be better?
"Two bachelors, do you want to listen to what you have to say?" Feng Bao asked happily.
"Okay, okay, you two big men, don't laugh. Wenhua Palace lectures are being watched by the ceremonial officers. How can this be inappropriate?" Zhu Yijun stopped the two big men from laughing wildly.
The officers responsible for correcting etiquette immediately stood up straight, looked serious, and stopped smiling.
The ceremonial correction officer is served by the General of the Han Dynasty. The Dahan General is an official position, subordinate to the Jinyi Guards, and is responsible for correcting the ceremonial etiquette. The ceremonial correction officer really has received strict professional training. Under normal circumstances, they are absolutely Won't laugh. After all, the ceremonial officers were responsible for correcting the etiquette of courtiers and courtiers.
But the ceremonial officers were laughing at these two bachelors just now.
Zhu Yijun looked at the two bachelors, sat upright and asked: "Two bachelors, I am confused."
"Government is based on virtue, a gentleman is a person who governs others, if What should a gentleman do if he has no virtue? ”
“In other words, what should a gentleman do if he does not practice virtue, does not discipline himself, does not respect virtue, and does not cultivate himself?”
“To be more precise, what should he do? Gentlemen regard this world as their own private interests. They only judge their own merits and demerits. They are knowledgeable, knowledgeable, worldly and sophisticated. They are good at pretending and know how to use rules to seek personal gain. They only benefit themselves and not the public. They do not promote publicity. Qi Yi, what should I do if I am an official who is greedy for salary, works for his own private life, and does not do official business? "
If he were to confront Zhang Juzheng, Zhu Yijun would not explain it in such detail, because he only needs to say that a gentleman has no virtue, and Zhang Juzheng He knew what he was talking about, but when facing the two bachelors who were giving the banquet, Zhu Yijun was afraid that the two bachelors would not understand, so he spoke very clearly.
The efficiency is slightly low. Zhang Juzheng is a follow-up official and knows how to adapt. However, the two bachelors in front of him are clean people, respecting etiquette and virtue, and they are extremely disdainful of the way to adapt.
Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi were silent, their bodies slightly unsteady. Is this a topic that can be discussed?
This is a slide that cannot be touched. What do you mean?
Your Majesty, the more I listen to this question, the more he is scolding the Jin Party!
Wang Jiaping said quite accurately: "A gentleman is confused and behaves unethically. If you dare to offend the gentleman's face and speak of his faults, you will not hesitate to punish him. You will die and the country will be safe! If you do not regret what you have done, such a person will A straight minister should be a straight minister! If a minister is not virtuous, he will be impeached, and the king will..."
Wang Jiaping was stuck, and Fan Yingqi was responsible for holding the line. When Wang Jiaping could not continue, Fan Yingqi stepped out and said: "You have..."
"You have...what?" Zhu Yijun asked with a smile.
Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi said they were fooled!
His Majesty has been emphasizing that a gentleman is a person who governs others, and interprets a gentleman as a person who governs a country. However, when the word "jun" is used for ministers, it means only the emperor!
For thousands of years, the king has ruled and his ministers have been ministers. The son will not speak of his father's faults, and the ministers will not speak of the emperor's faults.
For example, King Zhou of Shang Dynasty lost the world because of Daji; the only people kneeling in front of the Yue Fei Temple were his ministers, not Zhao Gou, and it was Qin Hui who deceived his lord; for example, the Ming Dynasty Emperor Yingzong Zhu Qizhen's defeat of Tumu Fort was Wang Zhen's fault; The intention to kill Yu Qian was put on Xu Youzhen.
Most of the faults of these monarchs were the concubines in the harem and the eunuchs and ministers.
The emperor is always innocent, the emperor is always clean.
"If the emperor makes mistakes, he will remonstrate." Zhu Yijun completed the supplement to the two bachelors, and then asked: "Admonition, advice, ministers advise, what if the emperor doesn't listen?"
"In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing reign, Hai Rui carried a coffin and wrote the "Public Security Book", angrily denounced the king's faults, disloyalty and unfilial piety. Grandpa said that Hai Rui wanted to learn how to compete, but I didn't want to be the king of Shang Zhou, so I stayed here. His life, after the late emperor ascended the throne, granted a general amnesty to the world, Hai Rui left the heavenly prison and remained the imperial censor
"However, after the late emperor ascended the throne, he did not summon his ministers for six years and was idle in court. If the emperor did not listen to the advice, So what should we do? ”
There is no logical problem with governing with virtue, but if the emperor does not practice virtue, what should he do under the Confucian framework of monarch and minister?
He has not summoned the assistant for six years. It was not just Zhu Yijun who said that ministers were doing nothing before the court. It was the advice of Gao Gong and his ministers.
Emperor Longqing had been emperor for six years, but he did not summon his ministers and went to court hastily. If there is no problem, you can avoid going to court. The courtiers tried to persuade them, but they did not persuade them. However, Emperors Jiajing and Longqing were still willing to issue seals. The error correction mechanism of Ming Dynasty could still operate. Later, Emperor Wanli fought for the foundation of the country and could not defeat his ministers. , just let it go without losing any marks.
The courtiers don’t fight anymore. Why are they fighting? Who are they fighting against?
In the thirty years of Wanli's reign, if he didn't come to court, didn't attend court meetings, didn't participate in daily court meetings, didn't even issue seals, would there be no one to persuade him? After many people were persuaded, Emperor Wanli followed the three no's principles: he would not listen, he would not read, and he would not speak. The court was almost at a standstill.
Emperor Wanli had no way to deal with the "drunkenness, wealth and sex" of his courtiers, he couldn't fight.
The courtiers had no choice but to persuade Emperor Wanli to do something bad.
What should I do if I refuse to listen?
"You should be punished!" Wang Jiaping had to answer. The emperor was confused, and as a bachelor of banquets, he had to clear up the confusion, but he could only give a vague answer.
Zhu Yijun shook his head and said: "If you want to hit the pillar, the ceremonial officer will stop you, and then go to Beizhen Fusi Yamen for the crime of misconduct. Hai Rui carried the coffin to remonstrate, isn't he also entering Beizhen Fusi Yamen?" The yamen is closed, and you have to wait until the world is amnesty to get out of the cell? "
"What's the use of admonishing and admonishing, if you don't listen, don't see, and don't speak?"
Wenhua Palace? They fell into silence. Only the sound of the wind blowing the curtains made everyone aware that time was passing by. The air suddenly became quiet and the atmosphere was slightly solemn. Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi remained silent. You cannot continue this sentence, otherwise it would be unfaithful and unfilial.
Wang Jiaping was roaring in his heart, the emperor does nothing, the emperor does not cultivate virtue, what should we do?
What can we do!
Of course Gao Gong's "Chen Wu Shi Shu" is the most appropriate!
In early June of the sixth year of Longqing's reign, Gao Gong wrote "Chen Wu Shi Shu", which contains five specific articles: the first is that the emperor stays at home to listen to the government; the second is to punish the eunuch's dictatorship; the third is to depose the chief ceremonial supervisor; and the fourth is to return power to him. Cabinet; the Five Memorials cannot be approved internally without issuing a cabinet vote.
Among Gao Gong's five articles, the last one is the most taboo. If the memorial is not issued to the cabinet, it is illegal. The emperor must personally come forward to explain it. The others can be interpreted as the work of the cabinet and the Supervisor of Ceremonies. In political battles, after all, the laws of the ancestors are superior. There was no such thing as a ceremonial supervisor during the Hongwu period.
But Gao Gong, what does this last one mean?
This directly frightened Queen Mother Li.
Especially because this memorial was written on the high arch when Emperor Longqing had just been on his six-day tour, and did not even pass the first seven days!
"You two, why don't you let Mr. Yuan Fu come?" Zhu Yijun looked at the two bachelors hesitating, gave them a solution, and chose to let them go.
Zhu Yijun is Zhang Juzheng's wall-breaker. These two bachelors themselves do not understand the two words of politics and morality clearly, and they are not qualified.
Read more! Follow up! Follow up! Pursuing reading is really important! Say important things three times! ah! I, Xiang, who Lin and my sister-in-law are returning, are talking about it solemnly again. Ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhing! ! ! (づ￣3￣)づ
(End of this chapter)