Chapter 136 "Baojian of Arithmeticology", "Algorithm Tongzong" and "Taiwan Arithmetic"
The method of dealing with false accusations is usually to sit down.
In the Han Dynasty, the "Book of Han" equated false accusations with killing or wounding people, and clearly stipulated: Tuo should not sit down if he is over eighty years old and does not make false accusations or kill or wound people.
False accusation is the same as verbal slander and weapon wounding.
In the Tang Dynasty, "Tang Lv Shu Yi· Litigation III": Those who falsely accuse others will sit down. Sitting back means imposing the punishment that the false accusation deserves on the person who made the false accusation.
The Ming Dynasty inherited the Tang Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty law was more stringent in the case of false accusation and rebellion. The crime was added to the third level. It was clearly stated: the person who falsely accused the person who answered the crime would be added to the second level of the false accusation; the person who falsely accused the person of being exiled and punished with the rod would be added to the second level. The false accusation is of the third degree. Each crime stops the rod from flowing for one hundred miles and flows three thousand miles; falsely accusing someone of death is a crime, and if the person falsely accused has already been killed, sit down and die. For those who are still undecided, the staff will travel three thousand miles with a hundred sticks, and the service will be extended for three years.
In the "Gangxianshi Lei" and the Metropolitan Procuratorate Chapter of the Ming Dynasty Huidian, officials are also required not to stay in prostitution, not to take prostitutes to play, not to sneak into the theater and wander around, etc. They are also not allowed to make false accusations. If you sit back and sit down, you will be charged with the third degree of false accusation.
Kechen Yanguan is an extremely important part of the Ming Dynasty's error correction mechanism. If Kechen Yanguan is weaponized and turned into a tool, and becomes a tool to eliminate dissidents and harm the tiger, the Ming Dynasty's official administration will immediately collapse completely. bad.
Judging from the actual supervision situation in the Ming Dynasty, the role played by the Yanguan showed a downward trend. It was fine in the early and middle periods. The catalyst for the corruption of officials.
Zhang Juzheng actually had no good solution to Ke Dao Yan Guan. He could not attack Ke Dao Yan Guan, otherwise all Fu Yingzhen's accusations against Zhang Juzheng would be confirmed.
It doesn't matter if it's not convenient for Zhang Juzheng to take action, as long as Zhu Yijun takes action.
Tishuai Zhao Mengyou has been sharpening his sword and has been waiting. After pulling the four people on the ground onto the bench, he raised the imperial staff and hit it hard. The officials were beating each other again and again. In the imperial staff, there was constant crying and wailing.
Zhu Yijun, on the other hand, watched with cold eyes. It was not until the execution was over that Zhu Yijun stood up. Without even looking at them, he left the Huangji Gate and returned to the Wenhua Hall to continue to listen to the government.
The treatment of these four people is not over yet. After receiving the imperial cane, they still have to take down their official status and return to their hometowns to live idle, and are not allowed to sign official documents. This eliminates the possibility of these people resurrecting. The four people were impeached because of the impeachment. It can only be said that Lu Guangzu was to blame for his love affair and his eventual end.
Soon an imperial edict was announced to the world. If the ministers of science and education still felt that the emperor had hurt the ministers and honest people, they could continue to report it. As a result, Zhu Yijun did not wait until the ministers continued to talk. The chapter stated that the little emperor's chain of traps was really tricky. He created cards out of thin air and then used the stick to punish him, and then continued to play. I'm afraid it won't be over with just one stroke of the imperial staff.
At this point, Zhu Yijun took advantage of the conflict between Duo Qing and Ding You to deal a heavy blow to the arrogance of the humble Confucianism, and to a certain extent corrected the trapping style of the officials, politics, and the injustice of those who upright people. Righteousness, the clear and upright atmosphere.
Zhu Zaiyu has been busy with a big thing recently, which is about the official compilation of arithmetic, that is, the compilation of textbooks. Originally, Zhu Zaiyu thought it was a very simple matter, but he was repeatedly criticized by the Emperor of Ming Dynasty. Rejected, the emperor was dissatisfied with the textbook he compiled.
It wasn’t that there was something wrong with Zhu Zaiyu’s arithmetic skills, it was really that the little emperor’s requirements were too high.
"Uncle Emperor, what is arithmetic and mathematics?" Zhu Yijun looked at the textbook submitted by Zhu Zaiyu in the side hall of Wenhua Hall, rejected it again, and said with a little helplessness: "Borrowing from the early days of the Republic of China There is a sentence in Yan Gong's "Tongyuan Algorithm", that is: a book of thousands of different principles, which is the method of Tongyuan. "
"This is the mathematical principle of arithmetic."
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"During the Jingtai period, Wu Jing wrote "The Encyclopedia of Arithmetic Algorithms with Detailed Annotations in Nine Chapters", which can be regarded as the greatest collection of arithmetic in the Ming Dynasty. But what is the "Arithmetic Enlightenment" written by the emperor's uncle? Divination methods, pregnancy prediction, arithmetic Can it solve the problem of whether you will get sick or whether you will have a boy or a girl? "
"What is arithmetic? Arithmetic is the language of infinite things. It is the only way to let all things speak. If this is the official form of arithmetic, circulate it. What's the difference between the world and the art of witchcraft? Isn't it ridiculous?"
Zhu Zaiyu was silent for a moment, bowed his head and said, "No, Your Majesty is wise."
Zhu Zaiyu. In fact, he was not satisfied with his arithmetic enlightenment. He had tried his best.
As the emperor's arithmetic teacher, he really had nothing to teach. The little emperor was really good at arithmetic.
Zhu Yijun still said with a serious face: "Arithmetic is an expression of the infinite principles of all things. It should be as concise and concise as possible. It should have a complete set of rigorous and well-organized argumentation processes. It should be bold and bold for practical problems. Make conjectures carefully, carefully summarize and verify them repeatedly. "
" Arithmetic is the solid foundation for the development of all things. Arithmetic is the general economics of the three talents and all things."
" The arithmetic enlightenment written by the emperor's uncle is like folk wizards dancing a dance that they don't even know about in front of the sun. They pray to gods and worship Buddha in front of clay statues, then burn a charm and drink it in one gulp. It's like eating blood. Steamed buns can cure tuberculosis."
"Uncle Huang, this is not the arithmetic that I want, nor is it the arithmetic that Ming Dynasty should have."
"Uncle Huang?"
Zhu Zaiyu hurriedly said: "I am here."
Zhu Yijun continued: "The emperor's arithmetic enlightenment is not only unenlightening, but also easy to lead people astray. It is teaching people to calculate in this way, instead of They are teaching the scholars all over the world how to calculate, let alone why they do it. They are just like the rotten Confucians who shout about the methods of the previous kings. They are teaching people how to do it, but they do not teach people how to do it, let alone why they do it. ”
“To put it more clearly, it means knowing what is happening, knowing why it is happening, and knowing why it is inevitable. The emperor’s arithmetic enlightenment is just knowing what is happening, not knowing why it is happening.”
"I am very disappointed."
"The emperor's uncle's arithmetic can even be learned by a twelve-year-old child like me. Is this considered a subject?"
Zhu Zaiyu is here I screamed crazily in my heart, little emperor, can you be like ordinary people? You have already mastered arithmetic, do you still need someone to teach you?
In the six-month arithmetic class, Zhu Zaiyu was completely numb. Rather than saying that he was teaching the little emperor, it was better to say that the little emperor was teaching him. For many questions, the emperor did not need him to teach him at all. The little emperor was able to use the length of the shadow of the Winter Solstice watch to calculate the winter time to the minute's accuracy. Like Zhu Zaiyu and Zhang Juzheng, he was a child prodigy.
"Your Majesty, is there a possibility that the arithmetic compiled by the minister is just acceptable to our Ming students?" Zhu Zaiyu thought for a while and put forward a hypothesis. He was not the one who compiled it. There is a problem, but the emperor's requirements are too high? Overestimated the acceptance ability of Ming students.
Except for the Four Books and Five Classics, students in the Ming Dynasty did not read anything else, not even the Code of Ming Dynasty, let alone arithmetic. The reason why students in the Ming Dynasty did not read arithmetic was because the imperial examination in the Ming Dynasty did not test Ming arithmetic. Not only did the Ming Dynasty not take the exam, but even the Song Dynasty did not take the exam. The subject of Ming Arithmetic Science was just a flash in the pan in the early Tang Dynasty. By the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, arithmetic science was no longer tested at all.
It can be said that the development speed of arithmetic in the Central Plains Dynasty almost stagnated after arithmetic was not included in the imperial examination.
"What the emperor said makes sense." Zhu Yijun also nodded helplessly. His requirements were indeed a bit high. What he wanted was arithmetic, but what Zhu Zaiyu gave was arithmetic. This gap between expectations and reality was the reason why the emperor and the emperor The main conflict between uncles.
"Your Majesty, should we let the students accept arithmetic first? It is also very good to be able to do arithmetic." Feng Bao also said something fair for the emperor's uncle. Not everyone is born with this knowledge. Not everyone, not just child prodigies, can accept the concept of arithmetic as the three talents and the overall economics of all things.
Take the road step by step and eat the food one bite at a time.
Zhu Yijun thought for a while and said: "The emperor's arithmetic does not have mathematics, so it would be better to revise it."
"Your Majesty, Ge Shouli is requesting an audience outside the palace." A little yellow Men ran in hurriedly and said.
"What is he here for?" Zhu Yijun asked a little strangely: "Xuan Lai."
Ge Shouli walked into the Wenhua Hall step by step holding fifty-five volumes of books, and put He put the books he brought on the ground, bowed respectfully and kowtowed three times, and said loudly: "Greetings to your Majesty, long live your Majesty, long live your Majesty."
Zhu Yijun looked at Ge Shouli and asked: " Ge Ping is here, why are you here? "
Ge Shouli said with a smile: "I am trying to relieve your majesty's worries. I saw that Yuan Fu applied for the old chapter to study politics in order to revitalize talents, and the great minister made a pass. In order to pay the national tax on arithmetic, Your Majesty is also looking for talents in arithmetic. I have fifty-five volumes of a treasure book, which is called "Xinji Tongzheng Ancient and Modern Arithmetic Guide""
"Oh? "Zhu Yijun picked it up and looked at it for a long time before putting it down and saying, "Where did the book come from?"
Ge Shouli hurriedly replied: "Arithmetic is indispensable in the world, both public and private. This book was written by Wang Wensu, a Shanxi merchant during the Chenghua period. It was mostly circulated among Shanxi merchants' homes to facilitate business. In the family of Yang Dazai There is a copy, and I find it novel. At that time, I was the Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs, in charge of the national tax accounting system, so I copied a copy for my own use. Now I heard that Your Majesty and Prince Zheng were confused by the enlightenment of arithmetic, so I dedicated the book."
< br>Zhu Yijun looked at the arithmetic treasure book in his hand, then looked at Ge Shouli and said with a smile: "It turns out that I got it from Dazai Yang. It's very good. Mr. Ge has made great contributions in presenting the book. What kind of reward should I give him?"
"My lord, I got it from Dazai Yang. I solve problems for His Majesty without asking for favors. I am the censor of the left capital of the country. I am in charge of admonishment, but I can't restrain it. Now, four crazy students have provoked the emperor in front of the emperor for no reason, making the emperor feel deceived. If you are a minister, and your subordinates are guilty of deceiving their superiors, they will serve the master.”
“If the ministers and masters are suspicious of each other, their feelings are estranged, and there are many discussions, then the blessing of tranquility and peace will not be enjoyed forever. , I deeply regret what I did.”
Zhu Yijun understood that Ge Shouli wanted to remove himself from the previous incident at Huangjimen Fukue.
Wu Zhongxing, Zhao Yongxian and others are all censors. As the head of the censors, it is difficult not to misunderstand that Ge Shouli is working together in the middle. Ge Shouli is really unjust, so seeing the emperor and his uncle , Yuan Fu, were all troubled by arithmetic, Ge Shouli came with his "Baojian of Arithmetic".
Zhu Yijun thought about it again and said: "Gong Ge is wrong. I have always known the respectful heart of Mr. Ge. As the leader of the Jin Party, Mr. Ge respects the authority of the Lord. Today I present a treasure book to Prince Shaobao. Yin Yizi is from Zhongshushe, so he is an exception. He is given a python robe, a bullfighting suit, a hundred taels of silver, four strands of silk, five thousand guan of banknotes, and five bottles of wine. It is a rare token of favor. "
The wine is sweet potato roasting brewed by Zhu Yijun himself. The gifts of this wine are five bottles at a time, which means that Zhu Yijun is really happy.
Prince Shaobao, from now on Ge Shouli will be Ge Shaobao in the court, although his Shaobao title is just a promotion.
“I thank your Majesty for your kindness.” After hearing this, Ge Shouli thanked His Majesty again, fell to the ground, and whispered: “Your Majesty, I… am old and can no longer solve your Majesty’s problems.”
"Huh? Is Mr. Ge going to become an official? If Mr. Ge is worried that his official position will be implicated, there is no need to worry. I am not an ignorant person. Let alone Mr. Ge, it is Yuan Fu, the late emperor, and Shizong. Who can control it? Got the position of being an official of Kechen? A group of people dared to resist the imperial decree for the sake of their family's personal interests. "Zhu Yijun thought that Ge Shouli was afraid of being implicated by Kechen Fugu, so he simply resigned and went into hiding.
"Your Majesty, I am already seventy this year, already in my prime." Ge Shouli said, "I am really old."
"Ge Gong, please get up and speak quickly. He is already seventy this year! I look like he is only in his fifties. He is really well-kept." Zhu Yijun looked at Ge Shouli with wide eyes. He did not realize that Ge Shouli was seventy years old. look.
"Your Majesty." Ge Shouli said with a smile: "At this age, if you continue to occupy a position and refuse to leave, you will be disgusted by people and despised by dogs, and you will be greedy for position and slander ministers."
"Gong Ge Are you suffering from old illnesses?" Zhu Yijun asked doubtfully.
Ge Shouli shook his head and said, "No."
"Then it's over? I want to see who dares to make a fuss about Ge Gong's age." Zhu Yijun heard that Ge Shouli was not sick. , said with a smile: "There is no need for Mr. Ge to say more, don't mention it anymore about becoming an official."
Ge Shouli can be used, the Jin party has been completely renewed in Ge Shouli's hands, at this time Ge Shouli retired, Zhang Siwei and Wang Chonggu immediately lost their intra-party competition. How could Zhu Yijun make Zhang Siwei happy?
As Ge Shouli said, "The Book of Arithmetic Learning" was published in the second year of Jiajing and was widely circulated among Shanxi merchants. Didn't Zhang Siwei know about it? As long as he was a little reverent, why didn't he submit the "Baojian of Arithmetic Learning" to the emperor to solve the most urgent tasks of the Ming Dynasty? Zhang Siwei didn't have it, so Ge Shouli came. "Then I will continue to help your Majesty solve your problems?" Ge Shouli thought for a while and said.
"Excellent, excellent, sweet potato roasting, no... Guojiao's wine has a high alcohol content. It's better for Mr. Ge to drink it lightly." Zhu Yijun nodded with a bright smile on his face.
This is Ge Shouli's test. By presenting a book, he can test whether he is a sycophant in the emperor's mind, and whether he should get out and stay safe.
But it is obvious that the little emperor is still very satisfied with Ge Shouli. Ge Shouli has the sour and rotten attitude unique to some scholars, but he is not a cheap scholar, nor is he a corrupt scholar. Now he has become a happy person. Have fun.
As for the rebellious group of Ke Dao Yan Guan, Ge Shouli couldn't control it. It wasn't that Ge Shouli had a problem, it was that Ke Dao Yan Guan's roots were rotten.
"Your Majesty, Mr. Yuan Fu is outside the palace asking for an audience." Another small yellow door hurried in to report the news.
"Xuan."
Zhang Juzheng also held a stack of books, walked in step by step, put the books on the ground, shook his sleeves and said: "I pay homage to your majesty, your majesty How are you doing?”
“Excuse me, sir, are you here to present a book?” Zhu Yijun looked at the dozens of books that Zhang Juzheng was holding and asked curiously.
Zhang Juzheng bowed his head and said: "Reporting to your majesty, the "Zhizhi Algorithm Tongzong" written by Cheng Dawei, a businessman from Huizhou Prefecture in South Zhili, has a total of seventeen volumes. Since Guihe advocated a compilation method, I have been paying attention to it. He is a talented man in arithmetic. I asked him to apply for the old chapter to study politics. Hearing that your majesty and Prince Zheng are trapped here, he specially presented a treasure book."
Zhu Yijun read the book carefully. It was not surprising that Zhang Juzheng presented the book. It was Zhang Juzheng who proposed the old chapter on academic affairs, and arithmetic was also added by him. As a result, arithmetic was to be promoted. Without textbooks, Zhang Juzheng naturally could not let the policies he promoted be like flowers in the mirror and moon in the water, so he dedicated the book.
"My Ming Dynasty is really full of talents." Zhu Yijun said with emotion after briefly reading through it.
Zhu Yijun asked with a smile: "Sir, what reward do you want?"
"I will naturally implement the executive order when I propose it. I will bow my head and lead you. I am deeply grateful for Tian's kindness. "Zhang Juzheng didn't want a reward because His Majesty had already given him a reward. From the edict to his elders to order his parents to come to the capital to be loyal and filial, to Liang Menglong's unrestrained efforts to seize love, to Zhao Mengyou's extravagant efforts to fabricate Lu Guangzu's love affair out of thin air, In this series of struggles, the little emperor took the initiative and solved the huge political passiveness of Zhang Juzheng's future since his parents were still alive.
What kind of reward does Zhang Juzheng need for this kind of support? Being a good first assistant and implementing the New Deal is Zhang Juzheng's greatest gratitude to God.
Zhu Yijun shook his head and said: "Sir, you don't want it. I have to give it. I have merit but no reward. If the world sees it, wouldn't it mean that I am a cold and ungrateful person? I have merit in dedicating the book, and I will increase my salary. Sir, I don't want it." "I declined."
"I thank Tian'en." Zhang Juzheng thought over and over again and did not refuse. He did a good job in presiding over the new policy.
Zhu Yijun looked at the two piles of arithmetic and said: "Where is Cheng Dawei, the author of Algorithm Tongzong?"
"Nanya Huizhou is doing business." Zhang Juzheng answered honestly, this book should still be Song Yangshan, the governor of Tianjin, was sent to the capital in order to cooperate with Zhang Juzai in rectifying academic affairs.
When Zhu Yijun heard this, he thought about it and said seriously: "The virtuous people are in the wilderness. It's because I don't practice benevolence. Sir, with such a great talent, is it appropriate to recommend him back to Beijing?"
Yes? Virtuous people are in the field but not in the court. This is the result of the emperor's lack of morality. This is the only way for the humble Confucians. Since such a mathematician is still alive, it is natural to get him to the capital to serve the country.
"I obey the order." Zhang Juzheng obeyed the leader's order.
Zhang Juzheng looked at another pile of books and asked, "Is Mr. Ge also here to donate books?"
"What a coincidence, is Yuan Fu also here to donate books?" Ge Shouli was full of emotions. He said with a smile, in this regard, Ge Shouli was one step ahead of others in this regard, and presented the treasure book of arithmetic earlier than Zhang Juzheng.
"Your Majesty, Wan Shihe, Minister of Rites, is asking for an audience outside the palace." Another small yellow door hurried in.
"What day is it today? Are you all together?" Zhu Yijun was also happy when he heard this and said: "Xuan."
Wan Shihe walked in holding a few books. , bowed five times and kowtowed three times and said: "I pay homage to Your Majesty, is Your Majesty happy with your holy bow?"
"Well, no courtesy, what book does Wan Shangshu want to present?" Zhu Yijun looked at the few books that Wan Shihe held. Shu asked.
“The Minister of Honglu Temple, Chen Xuehui, organized and compiled a total of six volumes of "Taishi Arithmetic"." Wan Shihe handed the book to Zhang Hong and said with great respect.
In Haojing and Luzon, Ming Dynasty obtained a large number of books. Among these books, Chen Xuexue picked and picked. After picking out all the scriptures, he selected a whole set of arithmetic and made A compilation and translation.
Zhu Yijun opened it and read it for a long time, nodding his head and saying: "Very good, Wan Shangshu has contributed a lot to the book presentation, Yin Yizi is a member of Zhongshushe, Chen Xuexue has been promoted to an official level, special exception, and added Each person is given a hundred taels of silver, four strands of silk, five thousand guan of banknotes, and five bottles of wine in recognition of his contribution to translation and compilation. ”
"Not bad." Zhu Yijun looked through so many masterpieces in his hands. It all starts with making a telescope. As the language of all things, arithmetic has become more and more important. If the emperor wants to learn arithmetic, the officials of the empire must learn arithmetic. He would do his best to take out arithmetic works and let the emperor check them.
Zhu Yijun said with a smile: "Uncle, make a copy and start compiling "Arithmetic Enlightenment"."
Zhu Yijun held the "Arithmetic Treasure Book" in his hand, Wang Wensu's masterful scripture. It is a pity that the compiled mathematical masterpiece was only circulated in the hands of Shanxi merchants. It was used as a tool for business.
In the arithmetic treasure mirror, there is a kind of thinking: the new collection of general certificates.
Tongzheng is to remove the false and preserve the true, fill in the gaps and correct the source. It is a review and demonstration of past mathematics. It talks about why it is calculated in this way. The new set is to put forward its own conjectures on some issues. Use the pass to carefully demonstrate and summarize.
In line with Zhu Yijun’s requirements for arithmetic, make bold assumptions, demonstrate carefully, and summarize.
Zhu Yijun saw the "Baojian of Arithmetic Studies" which studies the numerical solution of higher-order equations of one variable. In this book, arithmetic is like a heavenly book. Mr. A, Yu Shi, Yi Lian Zeng Cheng, Yi Concepts such as the general manager and Party B are indeed not easy to understand.
The emperor had a copy of "Taiwan Arithmetic" on hand, which introduced the "Algebra" published by Milan in the 29th year of Jiajing. It summarized the symbols of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and if the unknown numbers are replaced by sub-algebra, it will become be easier to understand.
After Zhu Yijun read the six volumes of "Algebra", he realized that there was still no concept of decimal in Thai and Western arithmetic at this time. Decimal fractions, decimal decimals, calculation methods and representations were lacking. (It was not until 1585 that the Dutch mathematician Steven systematically introduced decimal fractions.)
But in Zhu Yijun’s mathematics textbook, "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it is said: The nameless decimals are regarded as molecules. When it retreats, ten is its mother, and when it retreats again, it is hundreds, which is its mother. When it retreats, it is smaller and smaller, and its divisions are smaller and smaller. When calculating compound interest in "Nine Chapters of the Book of Numbers" of the Southern Song Dynasty, the great mathematician Qin Jiushao calculated the compound interest as: seventy-nine cents, three points, four centimeters, eight millimeters, four silks, six suddens, seven micros, seven sands, three wilds, one light, two clear, five smokes.
In fact, there is no actual unit below the text, and every cent is just a calculation of interest.
Wang Wensu’s numerical solution to high-order equations of one variable is very interesting.
For example, to find the approximate root of x-3x+1=0, the method given by Wang Wensu is simple and crude. Just cut off x and get a formula -3x+1=0, x=1/3. Bringing in this approximate root, the left side = 1/27≈0.03. Obviously, 0.03≠0, there is an error.
Obviously this approximate root is not approximate and accurate enough. Why make a further approximation? Let the error be u, that is to say x=1/3+u. Put this approximate root into the original formula to get, (1/ 3+u)-3(1/3+u)+1=0. This equation is still a higher-order equation. How to solve it? Cut off the higher order terms again and get an equation 1/27+1/3u-1-3u+1=0. The solution is: u=1/72, x=1/3+1/72=25/72 .
Bringing in the approximate root of x=25/72, the left side ≈ 0.00025. Obviously, 0.00025≠0, there is still an error.
Why make a further approximation? Let the error be i, x=25/72+i, then bring in this approximate root, and repeat the same process again, and you will get a more approximate value.
On this basis, Wang Wensu adopted a valuation method, first roughly finding the approximate root a, and then setting the error b, making it more accurate step by step.
To find an approximate solution of f(x)=0, suppose x=a+b, substitute it to get: f(a+b)=f(a)+kb+o(b), f( a) is a constant term that can be solved, and o(b) is a high-order term that is difficult to calculate. We can directly cut it off to obtain a linear equation of one variable. We only need to find the coefficient K of the linear term, and we can iteratively obtain the approximate solution of the equation. , no matter how high the degree of this equation is, it can be approximated infinitely.
This K was called differential in later generations. This method of iteratively solving higher-order equations is actually more of an application-oriented approach to finding approximate solutions, but it is indeed an infinite cut of differential.
What happens next? After that it was gone.
Even the results of Wang Wensu's decades of sitting as a master of classics are just reference books for businessmen to settle accounts and have not been widely circulated. However, Ge Shouli presented these fifty-five volumes of books to solve some problems without teaching materials. It's just an urgent matter.
Compared with the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the mathematics of the Ming Dynasty has improved, but this progress is sporadic and unsystematic.
Zhu Yijun looked at his pile of arithmetic masterpieces and knew that he was very busy.
Zhu Zaiyu deleted some of the contents about fortune-telling and pregnancy prediction, and re-edited the "Arithmetic Enlightenment". Enlightenment is enlightenment. The level of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and equations is roughly equivalent to that of elementary school to junior high school in later generations. The textbook simplifies mathematics. The six-volume "Taishi Arithmetic" is easy for Zhu Zaiyu to understand. Various mathematical symbols and algebraic thinking make mathematics more concise and concise.
As for higher-level arithmetic textbooks, Zhu Zaiyu had to study and understand the three masterpieces in his hand before he could continue to compile them.
Zhu Yijun is only twelve years old, he can afford to wait.
After Chen Lin watched the young emperor angrily reprimanding his ministers in the capital, he took his trimaran hydrofoil sailboat and headed south again, heading towards Songjiang Mansion.
Chen Lin, who returned to Songjiang Prefecture, needed to perform another ocean test mission. This time she went to Yuegang, to the Penghu Inspection Department, and to Luzon. This time, there were a total of seven hydrofoil sailboats going together. In the Luzon Governorate of the Ming Dynasty, Yin Zhengmao has been officially appointed as the Governor of Luzon.
This is not the first time that the Ming Dynasty appointed the governor of Luzon. In the third year of Yongle, Xu Chailao took the imperial seal of the Ming Dynasty and became the governor of Luzon, taking charge of military, political, financial, and Wen Daquan.
In Yu Dayou’s coastal defense plan, Luzon Manila will also set up an inspection department to be responsible for anti-smuggling.
The reason why Chen Lin wanted to go to Luzon was, firstly, to continue testing the hydrofoil sailboat, and secondly, to confirm whether the red-haired sailboat would arrive as scheduled this year.
The Ming Dynasty needed silver. It needed a massive inflow of silver to activate the Ming Dynasty's commodity economy, increase the circulation of Ming Dynasty commodities, and complete the national tax reform. However, the Ming Dynasty extended a paw and re-incorporated the Viceroyalty of Luzon in Spain. Under the command of Ming Dynasty.
And Spain needs the massive amount of goods provided by Ming Dynasty to alleviate the intensifying domestic contradictions of soaring commodity prices.
War or peace, that is the question.
There is still debate about whether the concept of 'Party B' in "The Book of Arithmetic Science" is a derivative. Party B is indeed equal to the result of A times A to obtain the first-order derivative. From this point of view, We can indeed find the shadow of "derivative" in Wang Wensu's method, but it is just a shadow. The solution to one-dimensional higher-order equations in "Arithmetic Treasure Book" is still a numerical solution method in which difference approximates differentials. It is still a bit embarrassing to write this. and regret. Please give me a monthly ticket, wow! ! ! ! !
(End of this chapter)