Chapter 565 A mouse ties a bell to a cat
"The formulation of government decrees has nothing to do with this collective, so what is the position of the court in taxing them? This is true freedom." Li Zhi He fully expressed his views and his understanding of freedom.
The independence struggle in the Netherlands means no representatives, no taxes, no interest representatives, and no participation in the formulation of government decrees. Why should I, the Netherlands, pay taxes to Spain? The heavy taxes were so heavy that people were suffocating. The Dutch, from nobles to slaves, had no choice but to work as pirates in the sea to make a living. The oppression they did their best led to ubiquitous resistance.
In the end, the independence of the Netherlands was formed. The Northern Alliance and the Southern Alliance jointly formed a parliament.
Zhu Yijun was curious whether Li Zhi had learned experience from the struggle of the Dutch in Tessie, but thinking about it carefully, probably not, because in this regard, the Central Plains had extremely rich experience in rebellion.
Li Zhi’s point of view actually goes one step further: power only responds to the source of power. For example, the Ming Dynasty’s bureaucrats were completely accountable to the superiors. That’s it. The power of Ming officials comes entirely from the appointment of the emperor. Li Kaifang’s younger brother Li Kaizao's name was removed from the Jinshi Register by the emperor because of his clamor for fame.
The famous Confucian scholars in the audience and the Confucian scholars who came to watch the excitement are already a little numb. They should not have come back just now, they should have left directly!
Look at what Li Zhi said! How rebellious!
"So what groups are not represented in the court? Jiangling Gong's class theory divides people into poor coolies, rural sages and gentry, powerful right-wing officials, elected officials, hereditary officials, etc. Class, then which class has collectively lost its voice, unable to express its demands and unable to influence the court's decision-making?" Zhu Yijun walked out of the box, stood on the railing, and asked loudly.
Li Zhi sighed heavily and said: "Poor coolie."
"There are only poor coolies with no one representing their interests, and they are arguing in the court. This is also the fundamental reason for the entire annexation and the concentration of production materials. No one cares about their life and death, so they have become the price itself."
< br>"Even those scholar-bureaucrats who claim that the people are the foundation of the country and the foundation of the country's peace, the people in their mouths and their definition of the people are not the poor coolies who work as cattle and horses, but the rural gentry and above. Although the majority are poor coolies. "
Li Zhi clearly realized that he had met his opponent. This Mr. Huang was definitely not the loser he was rumored to be. He would not have been so aggressive in looking at the problem and caught him directly. the core and essence of the problem.
The more you argue, the clearer it becomes.
“So the poor coolies should not pay taxes.” Zhu Yijun said with great conviction: “Li Zhi, have you ever thought about it, if the poor coolies should not pay taxes, would everyone in Ming Dynasty be poor? Are you a civilian coolie? We remember that when Master Lin discussed this issue, he said that he did not agree with Nkoli's choice of Jinshi based on his birth status. "Identity can be changed." >
Li Zhi thought that his opponent was Wang Qian, so he came to power confidently, but he was always at a disadvantage by Mr. Huang.
In the past ten years or so, Zhu Yijun has been arguing with courtiers, debating so many issues back and forth. His critical thinking ability is such that even Zhang Juzheng would have to say: Your Majesty, look at the Emperor Jian Tu and say that it is a transfer. topic.
Li Zhi proposed an utopia with absolute freedom, but as soon as this utopia was put forward, its foundation was refuted by Lin Fucheng, who was also a liberal.
If you engage in identity politics instead of dividing by means of production, this problem will arise. Identity can change. You say you are a television, but I am still an armed helicopter.
Li Zhi was completely blindsided. His original intention was to use the gathering at Taibai Tower to establish a relationship with the two eldest princes of the capital, and put forward his fearful opinions, become famous in one fell swoop, and then slowly improve them. My own theory, but as soon as I came out of the mountain, I met the best among the masters.
"Therefore, the poor coolies should participate in the formulation process of the imperial court's decrees, and their opinions should be asked!" Li Zhi's thinking was very active. He immediately changed his direction. There should be poverty in the imperial court. Representatives of the poor coolies, poor coolies are easy to identify, and labor will leave traces on the body.
"Do you want to say the four auxiliary officers of spring, summer, autumn and winter?" Zhu Yijun thought for a moment and asked Li Zhi what he meant.
"Uh..." Li Zhi was stunned and said: "Master Huang, may I ask, who are these four auxiliary officers of spring, summer, autumn and winter?"
Zhu Yijun smiled and said: "Hongwu Thirteenth After the Zhongshu Province was dismissed in the year of 1989, the Four Seasons Auxiliary Officers were established. These Four Seasons Auxiliary Officers were all Confucian scholars who came from the common people. The ancestors of Taizu, Gao, Emperor and Ming Dynasty said: Yesterday, you and your ministers were common people, and now they assist me to control the lives of the people. , to be outstanding, to show off the ancestors, to celebrate the harmony between heaven and man, and to be prosperous in the drama! It is to assist and praise, to provide peace and prosperity to the people, and to achieve great governance. "
This is not a historical material that Zhu Yijun shows off his high cultural literacy. Many, these are all the notes compiled by Wan Shihe who read history and were presented to the palace. Wan Shihe was scolded for not reading history. Now he can't put the scroll down. He reads it himself and sends it to His Majesty after he has finished reading. One copy, the main purpose is to express that you will correct your mistakes when you know they are wrong, and have a respectful heart.
Zhu Yijun really read all the contents of Wan Shi and the annotations, so when he sat down to discuss Taoism with others, Zhu Yijun had the entire Ministry of Rites behind him as an ammunition depot, and the ammunition was extremely sufficient.
"In July of the fifteenth year of Hongwu, the four auxiliary officers were abolished. From then on, Emperor Taizu Gao had a one-yuan dictatorship that would end only when the sky collapsed." Zhu Yijun said with emotion.
"Is there such a thing?!" Li Zhi was greatly surprised. He had no idea that the Ming Dynasty had already conducted institutional exploration as early as the early years of the Republic of China and the Hongwu period, and failed.
Master Huang is so knowledgeable!
Zhu Yijun looked at Li Zhi and asked: "Do you know why we want to be dismissed?"
"I don't know." Li Zhi also answered honestly. He didn't even know about it, let alone the reason. .
Zhu Yijun said with a complicated face: "Because I can't fight, this scholar is too vicious."
The Four Seasons Auxiliary Officer who started from the common people, after the dismissal of Zhongshu Province, Zhu Yuanzhang In his attempt, these auxiliary officers from common people did not meet Zhu Yuanzhang's expectations at all. One year and ten months after they were established, Zhu Yuanzhang could only go back on his word and dismissed the auxiliary officers of the Four Seasons.
The reason is also very simple. These auxiliary officials who were born from common people are no match for the scholar-bureaucrats in the court.
Sometimes when Zhu Yijun really can't find a suitable adjective, he will describe it as a scholar. For example, the three mountains built by Lin Fucheng were not suitable for the Ming Dynasty, but Lin Fucheng built them to sell to the West... I really don’t know how to scold him appropriately, so I just say that the other person is a scholar.
The scholar's crooked intestines and these auxiliary officials who were born from common people are really powerless to resist.
When Mr. Bayi’s donkeys saw Zhu Yijun’s diligence, they all gave a thumbs up and said: When it comes to grinding, you are still the best!
Zhu Yijun, the diligent king who was praised by the mill donkey, also pales in comparison when facing Zhu Yuanzhang.
From the tenth year of Hongwu, Prince Zhu Biao began to take matters into his own hands, and he could express his opinions on all matters. However, throughout the entire Hongwu Dynasty, Zhu Biao never issued a crown prince order. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu, From the 30th year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang was in charge of all matters in the court by himself, until Long Yu came to visit.
"Can't you fight? Even with His Majesty's support?" Li Zhi said with a frown. He originally stood for absolute freedom, but now he actually asked for help from an authoritarian leader, the emperor, to exercise imperial power and uphold justice.
This is very contradictory, but it is the best solution that Li Zhi can think of in this era. He seeks the emperor's full support to realize his political ideas. A liberal believes that the emperor should complete the free decrees. , which is a little bit funny.
"As for the Auxiliary Officers of the Four Seasons, Wang Ben, Du You, Gong Xiao and others, as well as the support of Emperor Taizu Gao, isn't it still a big defeat?" Zhu Yijun spread his hands and looked at Li Zhi and said helplessly .
Did Zhang Juzheng defeat the Jin Party members such as Gao Gong, Yang Bo, Wang Chonggu, Ge Shouli, and Zhang Siwei with the support of the emperor? Zhang Juzheng won the decisive battle and won the emperor's full support.
Wang Chonggu is still treating Zhang Juzheng like a mouse when he sees a cat, he will hide if he can. Because His Majesty doesn't stand aside, he, Wang Chonggu, can't fight him.
Every court official in the world who offends Wang Chonggu is very likely to be included in "The Love Affair of Famous Confucians of the Qing Dynasty". Only Wang Chonggu was bullied by Zhang Juzheng, so he could only say something harsh and not argue with you.
"Ah this..." Li Zhi was silent. His first shot in the capital seemed to have misfired. Before it could be fired, he was silenced by Mr. Huang. He had so many theories. , it’s over before the description even begins...
Because the foundation is untenable.
Zhu Yijun said with emotion: "This is like a step, you need to go up step by step. Jianglinggong also came from a poor family, and Jianglinggong's family only has one door, but he step by step When he arrived at the Wenhua Hall, he was building momentum step by step. There were more and more people behind him. In the end, Duke Jiangling could decide the fate of the Ming Dynasty." Even if he is promoted to an assistant minister, he himself cannot stand in the court. No matter how much help he gets, he still cannot stand."
"Officialdom is the biggest vanity fair, and every bit of power here is fought for."
Zhu Yijun speaks from experience. At first, he hid behind the iron men of Empress Dowager Li, Feng Bao, and Zhang Juzheng. Under the triangle, there are careful temptations, little struggles, and little by little stabilization of power, all of which are bloody. Which of the four major cases was not bloody? Zhu Yijun even had to watch the execution on the first day of his wedding.
This is all momentum building.
Of course you can become an emperor without gathering momentum. For example, Emperor Longqing simply disappeared and hid in the palace to be happy. But Emperor Longqing was able to be happy and happy because Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng and others were all He was from Prince Yu's Mansion back then.
"Then let's go back to your point of view." Zhu Yijun looked at Li Zhi and asked with some confusion: "I think what you said makes sense. Poor coolies did not participate in the formulation of government decrees. People who hold power in the government do not need to explain themselves to the poor coolies. So the question is, how can the representatives you call, the people who fight on behalf of the poor coolies in the government, ensure that they will not betray the poor coolies? "
“We look at this issue from the perspective of class theory. After being promoted from common people to the fourth auxiliary officer, they have achieved a class jump, from poor coolies in the capital to the class of elected officials. This When their class changes, their position will naturally change."
Li Zhi felt that he was crazy enough. He felt that if he proposed this point of view, he would scare the humble Confucians in the capital into saying no. When it comes to speaking, in fact, the same is true. Those cheap scholars are already sweating on their seats and can't say a word. He is already very bold, but it turns out that someone is even bolder than him!
He is still thinking about discussing the feasibility, but Mr. Huang has already thought about the practice!
"This, the problem Mr. Huang mentioned is indeed an issue that cannot be ignored. I haven't thought of it yet." Li Zhi clearly admitted his shortcomings. He didn't expect that he didn't expect it. He is as tough-talking as a cheap Confucian. , it’s really not necessary.
If you haven’t thought about it, you just haven’t thought about it. If you are refuted or questioned, just think about it and improve it.
"This was also a problem that Emperor Taizu Gao couldn't solve. Originally, Emperor Taizu Gao expected them to say a few words for the common people, but he found that they slowly turned into scholar-officials, and they were different from those scholar-officials. The words are exactly the same." Zhu Yijun looked at Li Zhi and said helplessly. This is a very real problem. Zhu Yuanzhang is a person who refuses to bow his head easily, but in the end he canceled the fourth auxiliary officer and chose to resist.
Withdrawing his life is more uncomfortable for an emperor than killing him.
Zhu Yijun sometimes knew that some of his decrees were not appropriate, and would rather have them become dormant clauses than take them back. For example, he once decreed that the dereliction of land would be included in the examination. Once a quarter of it was derelict, That is to leave a review, but the final result of practice is that it is inappropriate, or the timing is wrong. This clause fell into sleep and is not within the scope of the examination.
Not taking back the order is a way that although I was wrong, I am the emperor, so I am not wrong. It is all because the ministers are not loyal to the emperor and the country. Not taking back the order is a way that I can't do it now. But when I can do it in the future, I will definitely do it and write it down in a small notebook.
So, when Zhu Yuanzhang took back his life, he really felt that this was not possible.
Li Zhi fell silent, unable to say anything.
He fell into the same dilemma as the previous Confucian scholars. He didn't understand so he couldn't get together to talk.
Zhu Yijun fully agrees with Li Zhi’s ideas. In fact, the Ming Dynasty’s current advocacy of the people as the foundation of the country, the foundation of the country, and Li Zhi’s ideas have the same goal. Power must explain the source of power, and the people are the country. This means that the foundation of the power of the Ming Dynasty is the people. The definition of the people has been discussed in the early years of Wanli. It belongs to all the people in the Ming Dynasty, not the rural sages, gentry and above defined by the unscrupulous Confucians.
Li Zhi used more specific things to express it, and everyone was on the same path.
"Okay, let's put aside the facts now." Zhu Yijun finally came up with the only way to ignore the Confucianism and put aside the facts. If we talk about the facts, this topic will no longer be discussed.
“Let’s put aside the fact that auxiliary officers from common people cannot compete with civil servants from imperial examinations, and put aside the psychological changes and betrayal of interests caused by their own class transition, let’s discuss one issue, the issue of the representation of auxiliary officers "
"Civil officials who were born in the imperial examination were passed the imperial examination. They passed the scholar examination in the county examination and passed the provincial examination. They traveled a long way to Beijing and passed the imperial examination. They were ups and downs in the officialdom. After climbing to a high position, this is the current official selection system. How should the auxiliary officers be selected? "
Zhu Yijun asked the third question, how to select the auxiliary officers?
“Election by the people!” Li Zhi said loudly. He had really thought about this question. What does elected officials correspond to? It's an elected official!
Zhu Yijun immediately said: "What about the standards for democratic elections?"
"Li Zhi, let me tell you a story about Li Kaizao and Li Kaifang, because the Li family has a favor for Li Kaifang. When he got older, all of Li Kaifang's achievements were usurped by Li Kaizao. Like a fool, Li Kaifang went to the Meridian Gate to challenge the supreme imperial power and provoke the violent and bloody emperor!"
< br>"Don't talk nonsense!" Li Zhi immediately became anxious. He immediately said: "I have no intention of criticizing Chengyu. If you are looking for death, don't bring everyone with you!"
"It's okay, and I didn't do it in front of others. The emperor said, "The emperor is busy with everything, so he has no time to talk about our nonsense." Zhu Yijun said with a smile.
You, Li Zhi, also know how to be afraid!
When I was arranging the emperor's riddle just now, why didn't I see you scared? !
Where was that unruly look just now? Recover!
Wang Qian is about to die of joy. He knows your majesty very well. What your majesty is best at is this trick of repaying the other person with the same method. Use your words to retaliate against you fiercely. Let you see it. What is a boomerang?
Obviously Li Zhi had no choice but to bite the bullet and take this boomerang.
Zhu Yijun is very experienced in dealing with mad men. Who is not a mad man? At that time, the emperor's uncle Zhu Zaiyu was much crazier than Li Zhi. He had been talking about Tao Ye for fifteen years. Prince Zheng lived in a thatched cottage outside the palace. It was obvious who he was talking about.
The emperor's uncle Zhu Zaiyu relied on his talent, but he went crazy and had to give math lessons to the emperor as soon as he entered the palace.
Having lots of experience in dealing with the madman Zhu Yijun, all you need to do is be better than him. Of course, now that Zhu Zaiyu is riding Juechen in Gewünli, Zhu Yijun can only look up at that high mountain.
Zhu Yijun then said: "Why do you say Li Kaifang is a fool? That is to say, the emperor cherishes talents and is too lazy to argue with him. He opened the head of Fu Que. After so long, no court official dared to go to Fu Que. Que, just know that the emperor will kill, whoever goes will die."
"The Li family members are really kind to Li Kaifang, but the kindness is not so great that Li Kaifang has to pay it back with his life. Li Kaizao's achievements are all. It comes from Li Kaifang, but the most famous one is Li Kaizao. Is it Li Kaizao himself or Li Kaifang? "
"This is a question worthy of discussion. How do we ensure that this elected official is elected by the people? A person is the same on the outside, and all his achievements are his own. His reputation, his good deeds, and his various behaviors are not a performance that has been carefully designed since childhood. ”
Packaging, pretentious and elegant.
After so many years and so many things, Zhu Yijun searched his mind and found the case. Is Li Kaizao really Li Kaizao? Li Kaizao's reputation outside the country was built on Li Kaifang's achievements.
This is a question worth discussing.
"To be honest, my thoughts are still within a...a hypothetical category, and I have not thought about practical issues." Li Zhi finally admitted, admitting that he had thought less, and Li Kaifang Fuque's The incident caused an uproar and was known all over the world, and the story was even more widely circulated.
Many people say that compared with Li Kaizao's unkindness, unfilial piety, unfaithfulness, and untrustworthiness, Li Kaifang's benevolence, righteousness, filial piety, and trustworthiness are even more commendable, but Mr. Huang said he was stupid.
Li Kaifang hesitated for a long time, and finally took that step resolutely at dusk. The whole palace was filled with the sound of excited drums. After so many years, the skills of the Tiqi cavalry have improved. Strange!
"Okay, let's put this issue aside for now." Zhu Yijun took a step back and did not continue the discussion on this issue. He chose to let Li Zhi go. Li Zhi even admitted defeat. It was really unnecessary. .
"Let's discuss the next question." Zhu Yijun said with a smile: "We know that among the people, the court is the biggest evil. For example, we have read a book called "Water Margin", which The first chapter is: Master Zhang prayed to ward off the plague, and Lieutenant Hong mistakenly escaped the demons. It was said that Lieutenant Hong let go of the thirty-six Tiangang, seventy-two earthly evil spirits, and one hundred and eight demon kings, which later became Liangshan. One hundred and eight heroes."
"Who released these demon kings?"
"For example, the beasts in clothes are originally talking about the qualities of the nobles. As a result, the meaning gradually becomes that the court is wrong but the people are right? How can you ensure that what this auxiliary officer advocates is really beneficial to the country and the people? "
"We heard from the general that there is never any dilemma. Everything is a matter of choice. Those government orders that seem to be the most perfect are actually the most dangerous. They are more dangerous than bold government orders."
< br>Li Zhi was silent for a long time before saying: "Since the auxiliary officials come from the common people, they naturally have to accept the supervision and dethronement of the common people. In this way, in this way, people are born free and no longer shackles!"
Li Zhi is already sweating profusely. He just came to the gathering to build his reputation, but the result was not good. This really hit the wall. He is now a bit like a monk chanting sutras and can only recite sutras.
Zhu Yijun shook his head and said: "Li Zhi, don't you think your statement is too empty and not specific? Who will supervise? How to supervise? Who will depose? How to depose? According to the absolute class theory from top to bottom In terms of suppression, how can poor coolies supervise and depose those who have power? "
"Can a mouse tie a bell to a cat?"
"This, this, Alas, it is true." Li Zhi was silent. He felt that he should go back to Quanzhou instead of going to Beijing.
Li Zhi and Geng Dingli's younger brother Geng Tingli were good friends. Geng Tingli did not like Li Zhi's arrogance and his ideas, but Geng Tingli forced Li Zhi to stay in his house for a long time. After Geng Tingli died of illness, Li Zhi settled in Macheng. Later, I heard about the trend of gatherings in the capital, so I came all the way to the capital. In the end, it would have been better not to come, and I was forced to this point by a young man.
Zhu Yijun did not continue to be embarrassed. He looked at Li Zhi's face flushed and sweating profusely and knew that Li Zhi had really never thought about these specific problems, so he was so at a loss.
Master Huang put away the folding fan in his hand and continued to ask: "Li Zhi, it's still a question of the rat tying a bell on the cat. Let's go back to the original question, which is that there will be no taxation without interest representation. Is your representative a poor coolie? "
"There is a paradox here. If this auxiliary officer is not a poor coolie, how can he represent a poor coolie? How can more people know about him? How can he get support if no one knows about him? Aren’t the auxiliary officials elected by the people still the virtuous and powerful gentry of the countryside, or their bastards?
Zhu Yijun asked Li Zhi, who was elected by the people with complete freedom, what is the difference between the people he elected and the court officials selected by the imperial examination? Aren't they still carnivores themselves or are they a bitch?
“What do you think?” Seeing that Li Zhi refused to answer, Zhu Yijun continued to ask.
"I... Mr. Huang is right." Li Zhi had a headache. This Mr. Huang was a bit too difficult. None of the questions Mr. Huang mentioned were ones that Li Zhi could answer, because Li Zhi was still He just put forward such an idea without thinking about putting it into practice.
Zhu Yijun then concluded: "Now the court is divided into two factions. One faction advocates more currency, and the other advocates more goods. The opinions of these two factions are not distinct, but there is a difference between you and me. , I have you, it is more of a tendency, but the goal of both factions is the same, that is, universal benefit."
"For example, Wang Chonggu, the father of this prince, hosted it. The third-level school has supervised the construction of the Royal Institute of Technology. The second phase is now under construction, and the planning for the third phase has been completed. This is also a solution."
"Let more people study. , entered the official career through the imperial examination, and in the relatively fair competition environment of the examination system, step by step, step by step, gradually reached the decision-making level. This is of course not the most perfect solution, but it can be regarded as relatively reliable in practice. There's a solution, what do you think?"
"It's certainly good to be universally benefited! Your Majesty is wise, that's why the court is so clear!" Li Zhi chose to praise his virtues, and his ideas were still young. The imperial examination and official election, which had grown into a towering tree, could not be compared at this time.
"In fact, the biggest difficulty in your idea is to convince the emperor. Think about it, he is the emperor. Everyone in this official selection is a disciple of the emperor. The king and teacher are one, the country is one, the king and father are one. You How do you convince the emperor to give up his power and tie a bell to the emperor's biggest cat?" Zhu Yijun said with a smile: "You have to think about this problem carefully."
"Okay, let's talk about it today. Here, let’s go back first. You can continue.”
Lin Fucheng was also sitting in the audience. He was watching Li Zhi’s joke. As soon as Li Zhi entered Beijing, he made Lin Fucheng a shameful liberal traitor. Now it's Li Zhi's turn to be frustrated.
The secret of Lin Fucheng's standing is that he never mentions solutions or ideas, he just points out the problem. As for how to solve it, he is not a court official. This is a very clear line, and Lin Fucheng never crosses it.
(End of this chapter)