Chapter 30 High-end scientific research must be subtle
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms, so it is a two-dimensional crystal. It is also because of this structure that in the Raman spectrum, the G peak of graphene shows a sharp symmetrical shape, showing a perfect single Lorentz peak shape.
If it is not a single-layer structure, the wave structure will be affected, showing a certain undulating state, and the perfect single Lorentz peak shape will not appear.
It can be said that the single Lorentz peak spectrum is important evidence that this is a single layer of graphene.
Now in the spectrum of this sample, a perfect single Lorentz peak appears, which means that part of the graphite in the sample is single-layer graphene.
For experiments, even a little bit of graphene is enough. This is enough to prove that graphene can exist alone in nature, and it also proves that graphene can be extracted!
Zhang Wei took out a Coke from the refrigerator and took a big sip. The carbon dioxide in the Coke went straight into his nose, and it was a bittersweet taste.
At this moment, Zhang Wei only felt that the pressure on his shoulders had been reduced by more than half in vain!
For Zhang Wei, it is still stressful to spend all his money on scientific research!
The three scholarships, plus the 200,000 earned from the stock market, amounted to a full 900,000. With the housing prices at that time, I could buy a nice three-bedroom apartment in the third ring road of Beijing.
With so much money spent, if the scientific research fails, Zhang Wei will be back before liberation overnight.
At that time, Zhang Wei really needs to consider whether he should use his quota for changing majors to learn computer science. In the future, with a diploma from Tsinghua University, he can work as a programmer in a major Internet company.
Fortunately, two months of hard work in tearing the tape was not in vain, Zhang Wei still successfully extracted graphene.
This is a scientific research achievement that is 100% sure to win the Nobel Prize. For this one achievement, it is considered a sure thing in this life. Even if I am not elected as an academician in the future, I will still gain both fame and fortune, and I will still be the same after the burp. The kind that could be hung on the school wall.
After pouring a can of Coke into his stomach, Zhang Wei picked up the paper "Electric Field Effect of Atomic-Level Thin Carbon Films" and read it word for word again.
Zhang Wei does not plan to make any major changes to the content of this paper. He just plans to replace the experimental process and related data with his own.
The term "atomically thin carbon film" is used in the paper instead of graphene because in Western scientific applications, the term "graphene" does not only refer to a single-layer graphite structure.
The term "graphene" was first proposed by French scientists. Before that, "single-layer graphite" was used to refer to graphene.
But in the field of applied science, the word "graphene" can also be used to describe the graphite structure with more than ten layers. The specific analysis should be based on context and content.
Science is rigorous, so as reflected in the paper, it cannot be generally called "graphene", but must be described as "atomically thin carbon film".
The core selling point of "The Electric Field Effect of Atomic-Level Thin Carbon Films" is of course the successful extraction of graphene. In addition, there is a relatively irrelevant point, which is the electric field effect of graphene.
Compared with the great discovery of the century such as the extraction of graphene, the electric field effect is indeed difficult to attract much attention, but if it is to be published in journals such as "Nature", "Science", and "Cell" When publishing a paper, this part is a must.
This is a top academic journal, not a middle school experimental class. If you only hand out a hand-tearable tape, can it be called scientific research? Is it worthy of being recognized by top academic journals?
I have to show the world that I am doing scientific research, not just to obtain this new material. I do all this for the development and progress of human science, not for fame!
This is like two barrels of oil employees going to explore new oil wells. Who is not doing it to support their families? The conditions are difficult, but the bonuses are huge! Make money, not shabby. But if you say to the outside world that you are here for money, then your ideological consciousness will be low and the pattern will be gone.
You have to say, I dedicate oil to the motherland!
So this paper that successfully extracted graphene needs to be part of the research on the electric field effect, so as to achieve the effect of being a bitch setting up a memorial arch.
Looking at the title "Electric Field Effect of Atomically Thin Carbon Films", people who don't understand may think that this is an ordinary paper that studies the electric field effect of matter.
Those who understand can immediately understand that there is an outstanding person who successfully made graphene, and the greatest scientific breakthrough of the 21st century was born!
Scientists who show off are very reserved. Those who are arrogant from the beginning and say that I am the best in the universe will most likely not become popular, and many of them are even academic fraud.
For example, the room-temperature superconductor developed by the largest country in the universe, the title of the paper is directly called "The First Room-temperature and Normal-Pressure Superconductor", for fear that others will not know that you are the first.
As a result, this paper was only published on the arXiv website, which is a paper preprint website, and the content on it was not formally reviewed and edited.
The so-called lack of formal review and editing means that it can be wrong, false, or bragging!
To put it another way, if room-temperature superconductivity is really achieved, "Nature" and "Science" will not publish it casually, so why bother to go to a preprint website?
In the high-end scientific world, if you don’t dare to show off implicitly, you are most likely feeling guilty!
......
What Zhang Wei has to do next is to complete the experiment on the electric field effect of graphene and complete the puzzle piece of the paper that is implicitly pretentious.
The electric field effect experiment of substances is very simple to do. Find a capacitor, borrow a voltmeter, connect the power supply, and let’s get started!
But what Zhang Wei wants to do is the electric field effect experiment of graphene, so observing the experimental results and recording the experimental data have become the biggest difficulties.
Graphene is a layer of atoms, which means that to do this experiment, you need equipment that can observe atoms.
Thinking of this, Zhang Wei couldn't help but look at his electron microscope.
This is the most basic model and the cheapest one. It’s good to see that the graphene appears light brown. Don’t even think about more complicated experiments!
“You still have to use a high-end transmission electron microscope! This thing should be available in the Department of Electronic Engineering of Tsinghua University! After all, it is about studying microelectronics, and it is indispensable to do nanoscale experiments. It should be able to use it. Observing Nanoscale Transmission Electron Microscope”
In fact, Zhang Wei was not confident and even felt guilty. If it were more than ten years later, Tsinghua University would definitely have that kind of high-end transmission electron microscope, but it’s really not necessarily the case now!
In 2003, ASML had just developed an immersion lithography machine, which helped TSMC upgrade the process to 130 nanometers, which was already the most advanced level in the world at the time.
China's semiconductor technology was still at the micron level at that time. Even Tsinghua University definitely had a huge gap compared with the world's most advanced ones.
"You have to find someone familiar to ask." Zhang Wei thought of a high-quality human male.
"Ye Haotian is a social worker and knows many seniors who are doing scientific research. If you go to him, you will definitely get useful information!"
Thank you for your support, everyone. Forgot to collect it. Those who have a monthly pass will get one! Thank you for passing the test.
(End of this chapter)