Chapter 839: Theoretical level LV4, obtain passive skills!
Chang Haonan, who is far away in China, naturally does not know that the decision he made unintentionally will cause a lot of troubles to many big figures in the mathematics world.
In the last life, although Perelman also disclosed his research on arXiv, he conducted it three times in two years.
During this period, he also gave a series of lectures on his proof process and ideas.
The result...
Not many people understand.
So it took nearly three years to finally confirm that his certificate was valid.
In total, it actually left a psychological buffer period of five years for the entire mathematical community.
However, this time, Chang Haonan and Perelman used another simpler but more subtle idea.
So much so that not to mention five years, there was not even a five-day buffer left.
From the time they sent the paper out to the review team understanding it, it only took a little over three days.
Who can bear this?
As Valentin Benahou, who participated in the review, later said:
“This is like a nightmare. What I have always been afraid of is that others will use a The moment when Poincaré’s conjecture was proved in a way that I didn’t understand at all”
The actual situation is even more than that——
After reading the paper, you will find that the so-called "method I don't understand at all" is actually so simple.
As for such a simple method, "I" never thought of it in the past.
This is actually a big blow to a mathematician, especially a mathematician who has studied the Poincaré conjecture but failed.
Such as "Am I really deficient in intelligence?"
In short, it was not until a week later that Chang Haonan, who had finally rested, saw it in the news——
A review team composed of Michael Friedman, Simon Donaldson, Edward Witten, and a long list of well-known names finally confirmed that Russian scholar Gregory Perelman and Chinese scholar Chang Haonan were the reviewers. The Poincaré conjecture produced proves that the process is correct.
The reporter was not polite and asked Witten directly, "Didn't you say last week that you might have to wait a few months to a few years?" After hearing this, I bought a ticket and flew from Paris. I'm back in New York, why did the results come out in just seven days? So I had to buy a ticket and fly back.
It is quite interesting to see a serious math guy being so embarrassed that he doesn’t know how to answer for a while...
Of course, this is more of a joke The words were not directed at Witten.
After all, it has only been a few years since Wiles solved Fermat's last theorem, and many people still remember the dramatic situation that happened at that time.
Wiles announced that he had proved the Taniyama-Shimura conjecture in June 1993, but it was soon discovered that his construction of the Euler system had serious flaws, so the Kolyvagin-Fletcher method could not be applied in the scenario at that time.
In December of that year, Wiles publicly admitted that there was a problem with the certification, but promised to resolve it as soon as possible.
However, mathematical things cannot be solved just by solving them.
In August 1994, Wiles even publicly admitted that his proof had failed.
However, at this time, the story of survival from desperate situations happened.
A month later, Wiles had an idea during the review of the failure and finally filled in the loopholes in the proof process.
Finally, it was not until 1995 that Wiles' proof was officially recognized and published.
The whole process went through many twists and turns and took nearly two years in total.
So, more serious media reporters basically know that Witten’s previous estimate is actually normal.
What is abnormal is this time.
So the focus quickly shifted to Andrew Wiles.
Although he was not directly involved in the review process of the paper, he was the first person to stand up at the Millennium Mathematics Conference and disclose the relevant events to the public.
......
"Professor Wiles, we still remember that the process of proving Fermat's last theorem was quite... tortuous. So, what do you think of this time that the mathematics community only took seven days to prove it? Announced that the proof of Poincaré’s conjecture is established?”
Faced with this question, Andrew Wiles shook his head helplessly, showing a “numbed” expression.
He swore that at first he just wanted to have fun watching Arthur Jeff and the Clay Mathematics Institute.
The result...
Lezi did see it.
But he is not an audience, but a performer...
But no matter what, the question still needs to be answered.
Wiles sighed softly and moved closer to the microphone:
“I think this is the charm of mathematics. You never know whether you will have an idea in the next second, and you will never know. I don’t know whether it takes 10 minutes or 10 years to understand a problem..."
"As far as the results are concerned, there is actually no difference between the two, so we might as well pay more attention to the process, one week Although it is hearty, from another perspective, a longer process may also help to gain a more complete understanding..."
"..."
Wiles After almost exhausting a lifetime of literary literacy, I finally came up with an answer that does not violate the principles of mathematics, but can also protect the past.
As a result, as soon as he finished speaking, he heard Koncevich complaining next to him:
"Don't listen to what Andy said lightly. Back then, when he officially admitted that he had failed to prove himself, his expression changed day by day when he faced the world. It’s like the end of the world, and I have even thought about how to write an apology letter...”
There was a burst of good-natured laughter——
If Wiles really proves to be a failure in the end, then this It's definitely a malicious person exposing his shortcomings.
But he succeeded in the end, so these became anecdotes that could make each other laugh.
It's just a little embarrassing at most...
After a short interlude, the topic quickly returned to the Poincaré conjecture.
“This time you only took a week to confirm that the proof process of Poincaré’s conjecture is correct. Does this mean that the difficulty of solving this conjecture is lower than that of some other well-known mathematical problems?”
This is a question that many melon-eating people like to hear.
As a result, Valentin Benahou almost jumped up on the spot.
The old gentleman spent most of his life trying to solve the Poincaré conjecture. If this thing was easy, wouldn't he...
"Of course not! Absolutely not!"
Benner Hu Heng's eyebrows were raised: "Actually, it is difficult to directly compare the difficulty of mathematical problems in different fields, but as far as the Poincaré conjecture is concerned, I can say this..."
At this point, he stopped and took a deep breath, calming down a little:
"Poincaré's conjecture, at least so far, is still the only key to our possibility of understanding high-dimensional space..."
...
As time goes by, reporters' questions also Getting more and more sharp:
“It is said that the author of this paper did not submit the article to any mathematics journal, but chose to publish it directly to the world on a website?”
"That's right."
"So, does this mean that existing academic rules may be challenged?"
This issue is indeed a bit sensitive, so that the originally relaxed atmosphere of the scene became tense instantly.
After a few seconds, Friedman, who was the first to propose incorporating the arXiv website into the standardized citation system, nodded:
“In fact, if we follow past academic practices, So the articles on the preprint website cannot be counted as papers since they can be published without review."
"But..."
He changed the topic again:
“Since it has now accepted and passed the inspection of the mathematical community, there is no problem in calling it a paper... As for the challenge you mentioned, we are more willing to use it this time. The incident is regarded as an opportunity, an opportunity to promote academic openness and equality. "
"Therefore, we are also considering how to incorporate this paper into the academic system... ”
The reporter just now is obviously not ready to give up easily:
“Does this mean that articles published by others on the arXiv website in the future can also be regarded as academic papers?”< br>
Faced with this question, several people interviewed on the stage laughed.
After looking at each other for a few times, Edward Witten spoke:
"Yes."
"If they can also prove Poincaré Just guess.”
The scene burst into laughter again...
In fact, if you consider it from the perspective of academic journals, booksellers, and even many researchers, then Chang Haonan and Perelman's approach has indeed greatly damaged their interests.
Because what the reporter just said was right.
This is to challenge the existing academic rules and break the academic monopoly formed by publishing houses and some research institutions.
Although the term "academic monopoly" has been completely discredited due to the non-stop shouting about civil science.
But that doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist.
Especially after the end of the Cold War, it has been unprecedentedly strengthened.
In fact, this itself is a type of invisible hegemony.
But...
There is really nothing we can do this time.
The challenger is too strong...
Most papers need to be recognized by journal editors and peers to prove their academic value.
As for this paper, peers and journal editors need to find ways to recognize it to prove its academic value.
This is like——
Why do you have to give Einstein a Nobel Prize even if you find the photoelectric effect in a roundabout way?
Because if Einstein doesn’t win an award that includes physics, there is a high probability that it will be regarded as a pheasant award...
"Professor Benahou just said that the Poincaré conjecture is the only possible key to our understanding of high-dimensional space. Now that this conjecture has been proven, does it mean that we will soon be able to make a leap in applications, or at least in basic physics? Is it possible to create a new technological revolution?”
The question this time was from a female reporter from Wired magazine.
As a media that mainly targets new industries and new technologies, they are obviously more concerned about whether this result can have any real impact.
It is best to be the one who can see business opportunities in it.
"Unfortunately, you may be disappointed."
Richard Hamilton shook his head:
“This paper does involve a series of new topology tools, but it is even difficult for us to use them to solve theoretical problems in other fields in a short time. As for putting it into practical application..."
He hesitated:
"I think you should ask the two authors to verify this issue."
"..."
The reporter thought to himself that if I could contact those two people, why bother blocking them here...
At the same time, 12,000 kilometers away.
Chang Haonan, who was watching the live broadcast of the press conference on TV in Beijing, suddenly received a series of system prompts.
[Acquire theoretical level experience: 100000]
[Theoretical level: LV4: 20000/1000000]
[Theoretical science is the most powerful weapon for understanding the world. Therefore, after your theoretical level reaches LV4, when you study an unknown phenomenon within your ability, there will be a certain probability that you can see through its essence]
? ? ?
Chang Haonan was half lying on the sofa in a rather awkward posture, but now he sat up suddenly.
It is expected that the theoretical level will be improved after solving the Poincaré conjecture.
But the latter one... may be called a passive skill.
It was indeed an unexpected surprise.
In particular, Chang Haonan is not a pure mathematician like Perelman.
He is going to do a project.
Behind the project, there are many scientific principles that cannot be fully explained.
Therefore, this ability, even if it only has a "certain probability", will definitely bring huge benefits to research efficiency.
(End of this chapter)