Chapter 120 Explanation 1: Everything within the light cone is destined!
Facing Born’s sharp question, Einstein smiled lightly.
Fortunately, he was well prepared. He had listened to Li Qiwei's words a few months ago and carefully studied the angles from which the theory of relativity might be questioned.
As long as you predict the questioner's prediction, you will have everything under control.
Coincidentally, Born’s problem was within the scope of prediction.
So, he looked around at everyone, with a confident smile on his face, and said: "Thank you very much for your question, Born, this is a very good question."
"The core of this thought experiment is actually [Simultaneous] Concept. ”
“In the system of Newtonian mechanics, all reference systems share one time, and time is absolute. ”
“That is, as long as an event occurs in a certain reference system. If X occurs before event Y, then in all reference systems, event X occurs before event Y."
"This is indeed consistent with our life experience and daily phenomena."
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"However, the theory of relativity does not think so."
"In the relative space-time view, [at the same time] the concept itself is also relative and is based on the reference system."
"Different The situation is different."
"A second that happens to you is not a second to others."
"To explain the AB train encounter more vividly. , I introduce the concept of [Light Cone] here.”
As he spoke, Einstein began to draw diagrams and explain them simultaneously.
“We can establish a coordinate system based on event 1, with the abscissa representing space and the ordinate representing time.”
“As time goes by, the space the train passes through becomes longer and longer. . ”
“So there will be a cone-shaped range diagram.” As he spoke, he marked the size of the cone on the coordinate system.
“Then below event 1 is the past light cone, and above it is the future light cone.”
"The past light cone refers to: past events that have an impact on current events."
"The future light cone refers to: the impact of current events on future events."
"At this time, draw Looking at the space-time position of event 2 in the coordinate system, it can be clearly seen that event 2 is located in the future light cone. "
" Therefore, event 1 will produce event 2. Impact.”
"Only events that occurred within the past light cone will have an impact on event 1."
"Events outside the past light cone cannot have an impact on event 1 due to the limitation of the speed of light. ”
“Similarly, if the coordinate system is drawn with event 2 as the center, event 2 will have an impact on event 1.”
“So, for people on the ground and on train A. For the three different reference systems, the light cone distribution is different. "
"Therefore, within the light cone perspective of the three people, the sequence of events is also different. It’s different.”
"In other words, everything within the light cone is destiny, and outside the light cone is nothingness."
"I hope my answer can solve your problem."
Quiet!
Silence!
Deathly silence!
There was a sudden silence in the venue.
Countless people were shocked from ear to ear.
There are even various strange symbols popping up on his forehead.
Except for a few people, most people just listen to the Book of Heaven.
In fact, Einstein's diagram is not complicated, and the mathematical derivation is not sophisticated.
But this conclusion that goes against intuition and daily experience is still unbelievable.
Even physicists only roughly understand the logic.
Especially the concept of light cones made them rack their brains.
This idea is so genius, so bold, so magical!
Physics has always been a description of objective facts, but today they discovered that the theory of relativity actually involves fate.
It's like going back to the Middle Ages.
When will physics turn into metaphysics?
But they could not find a reason to refute it, because if they accepted the perspective of relative space and time, they would indeed come to this conclusion. Ordinary physicists are better. As long as they abandon Newton's view of space and time, there is indeed no problem in understanding it.
The derivation of the theory of relativity is also logical.
It's hard to accept, but it's the truth.
As for senior physicists, they fully understand Einstein’s logic.
They found that with this explanation, there is indeed no problem with the theory of relativity.
However, the less problematic it is, the less they can accept it in their hearts.
Very contradictory.
At this time, Born's hawk-like eyes were staring at Einstein's diagram, his face full of admiration.
He felt that the other party was definitely a super genius, and not just someone who was lucky enough to get to know Li Qiwei before he could publish the theory of relativity, as the rumors said.
With this ultimate understanding, the opponent's physical intuition and strength are unfathomable.
Then, thunderous applause broke out.
Obviously, Einstein's powerful ability conquered everyone present.
At least regarding this issue, his theory of relativity is impeccable and completely subverts people's imagination.
Even Li Qiwei couldn't help but applaud vigorously.
The God of Love is indeed the God of Love. No matter how dazzling his achievements are, he cannot hide his edge!
At this time, Lang Zhiwan suddenly asked another question: "Einstein, but if a baby has just been born."
"According to your calculation method, as long as the speed is fast enough, , in other people’s eyes, isn’t it possible that he hasn’t been born yet?”
Einstein smiled and said: "I know what you mean. You are worried that the theory of relativity violates the law of cause and effect, right?"
Lang Zhiwan nodded, and many people nodded in agreement, as if it did violate the law of cause and effect.
Einstein smiled and said: "First of all, I can definitely conclude that the theory of relativity does not violate the law of causality."
"The law of causality we know actually needs to be based on the speed of light."
“As far as the light cone theory is concerned, things outside the light cone are meaningless to the observer.”
"Therefore, we must understand cause and effect from a relative space-time perspective."
"This involves slightly complex mathematical operations, but it is essentially the use of light cones."
"Later, I will explain this situation in detail in the form of a paper."
"However, I think this explanation should be enough to prove the correctness of the theory of relativity."
Now, except for ordinary physics. Although it can be understood without any difficulty at home level or above, most people are starting to find it a bit difficult.
In fact, it is a matter of habit.
If one day you suddenly discover that human eyes are the organ for eating, and the mouth is for seeing.
It will be very awkward to understand. Your subconscious mind will always think that the mouth is what you eat, so you can't change your mind.
At this time, Einstein added: "I know that this conclusion is very inconsistent with everyone's daily intuition."
"But this is caused by the nature of the world."
"In the final analysis, the foundation of the human body is too weak."
"Our eyes can only see a small range of the spectrum, and our ears can only hear a small range of sound waves."
“The temperature we can sense is only within a narrow range, and the size we can feel is limited to microns.”
“We cannot explode with powerful power and achieve huge speeds.”
“If we humans have organs that are affected by high-speed motion, then it would be very natural to understand.”
"But unfortunately, we have evolved into a species adapted to low-speed movement."
"But fortunately, the human brain is not subject to any restrictions."
"This kind of thought experiment is completely It can be verified in our brains."
"I hope that in the future, technology can create instruments to measure high-speed motion, which will definitely prove my inference."
Everyone. He nodded silently, not knowing why.
This young man is not simple!
General doubts are obviously not enough.
(End of this chapter)