Chapter 170 University Company Newspapers, advancing hand in hand, Li Qiwei’s ideals and reality
With the New Deal education reforms in full swing, a wave of schooling suddenly set off in the Qing Dynasty.
In almost two months, universities were established in every provincial administrative region of the Qing Dynasty.
Of course these universities are not newly built, but are directly merged and transformed based on the original universities or colleges.
The same is true for Guangdong University, which was formed by the merger of several schools.
However, the final location was changed to another place in the center of Guangzhou.
Since there was no concept of "city" at this time, Guangzhou was actually equivalent to a region in later generations, with a very large area.
And its center is naturally the most prosperous.
The Qing Dynasty did not consider Li Qiwei's point of view when building universities, and put it where no bird poops.
Cixi believed that universities should be built in the most conspicuous places to show the majesty of the Celestial Kingdom.
As a result, all provinces followed suit and found the best craftsmen to build university buildings.
Li Qiwei also obtained some information about craftsmen from Yu Shimei.
Of course, he does not want to build Guangdong University, but wants to build his own Huangpu University of Technology.
Guangzhou Prefecture, Panyu County, Huangpu, Changzhou Island.
Li Qiwei is taking He Yujie, Xia Yuanxi, Xu Qitai, and Zhou Ziyu to visit the scenery of the island.
Now Zhou Ziyu has temporarily escaped the Qing government's wanted order because of Li Qiwei's relationship, but he needs to keep a low profile in the near future.
“Qiwei, you are really good at choosing places.”
“This place has beautiful scenery, is far away from the busy city, and is self-contained. It is a good place for doing research and learning.”< br>
Although Cheung Chau Island has not been developed at this time, the various flowers, plants and trees on the island have a pure natural atmosphere, which makes people linger.
During the Opium War, the British initially wanted the Qing government to cede Changzhou Island.
However, the Panyu people strongly protested but failed, and XG was ceded.
This was once an important seaport for foreign trade in the Qing Dynasty, and the Guangdong Customs Huangpu Branch was established here.
Cheung Chau Island used to be a prosperous place where merchants gathered, but now it is gradually declining because there are better ports.
Li Qiwei smiled slightly. After the Whampoa Military Academy is established here in the future, I am afraid it will become a double hero with his own Whampoa University of Technology.
One civil and military force transformed China.
"According to estimates, the main building of the university will be completed by the end of this year, and we can start recruiting students by then."
"I am also the president of Guangdong University, and I am also needed there. Participate."
"So, Yujie, you need to share some things for me."
"You need to follow up on the progress of the project and the details of the construction."
He Yujie said quickly: "Okay, Brother Li."
"I am planning to live here during this period, just supervising and writing my teaching materials at the same time."
He Yujie is now in high spirits. Not long ago, his large-scale translation of "Physics" was officially completed .
The book consists of 12 volumes, which introduces the development history of Western physics in detail.
There is also the review and approval work of various physics terms.
This work also received strong support from Xia Yuanzhen and Xu Qitai.
Xu Qitai even used his family connections to collate and print this book, which later became the enlightenment textbook for Chinese physics.
The textbooks compiled by Li Qiwei in the UK were too professional and not suitable for use as popular books.
More suitable as a further education textbook for physics students with a certain foundation.
He Yujie and the others also discovered this, so they did not copy it rigidly, but added their own understanding.
As an authority on physics in China at this time, Li Qiwei personally wrote the preface to this book.
In the name of the Deputy Minister of Management, he promoted this book throughout the country and made it a must-read textbook for all university physics majors.
Lecturers can write their own teaching materials based on this book to suit the school's educational methods.
The Qing Dynasty was not a fool, and naturally they would not let Li Qiwei control everything in the education field.
The Qing government also hired many Western teachers to take charge of science education in universities.
Nowadays, there is a shortage of talents, and there may only be a few professors in a university.
The liberal arts majors are a bit better, with a lot of talents, but the science and engineering majors can only be described as miserable.
Now He Yujie and the others have only found a few interested people to teach at Huangpu University of Technology.
In future generations, hundreds of candidates may be competing for a university teaching position.
Li Qiwei praised He Yujie lavishly, making the latter smile.
He Yujie not only completed the compilation of "Physics", but also determined the subjects he would write textbooks and teach.
After Li Qiwei saw it, he was immediately shocked.
Good guys, in He Yujie's plan, the courses he wants to teach include: electricity, thermodynamics, gas kinetic theory, quantum theory, relativity and other courses.
Would an undergraduate student really be able to talk about this? Li Qiwei expressed doubts.
However, he still expressed encouragement and asked Xinghuo and the others to try boldly and correct their mistakes.
Anyway, the three of them are definitely the strongest except for themselves in terms of physics level at the moment, and they are enough to be everyone's teachers.
Xia Yuanwei is not to be outdone. The courses he wants to teach include: optics, fluid mechanics, advanced theoretical mechanics, acoustics, elasticity and other courses, which complement He Yujie.
Xu Qitai is not so exaggerated. He still focuses on his own expertise and teaches only one course: Theory of Radiology.
But he is responsible for all experimental courses alone.
At this point, the physics courses of Huangpu University of Technology have been initially determined. As for mathematics, chemistry, life sciences, etc., they are still being slowly improved.
Li Qiwei agreed to their plan. Next, it depends on the specific teaching effect.
Since Li Qiwei returned to China in March, he had not been idle throughout 1903, and was occupied with countless things every day.
By the end of June, the Qing Dynasty had established a total of 22 new universities across the country.
Among them, Capital University and Guangdong University have the highest status and are directly under the central government of the Qing government. Two ministers of management and education are responsible for specific affairs.
The rest of the universities are under the responsibility of the Education Departments of each province.
In addition, private universities like Li Qiwei have not yet been included in the statistics of the Qing government, but they are subject to varying degrees of supervision.
Elementary schools, primary schools, and middle schools have also sprung up in various provinces.
These low-level schools operate faster and better because they do not require strong teachers.
In developed areas such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the number of students in a grade can even reach 100.
In July, the first engineering university in the Qing Dynasty, Beiyang University (the predecessor of Tianjin University) officially opened.
Inspired by Li Qiwei’s suggestion, the Qing government also established engineering universities such as Beiyang University in the north.
In fact, Peiyang University was also transformed on the original basis.
In 1895, Xuanhuai, the Daosheng of Tianjin Customs, reported to Emperor Guangxu to establish a new school. Emperor Guangxu approved the establishment of Tianjin Beiyang Western School.
In 1896, Beiyang Western School was officially renamed Beiyang University Hall.
It was the first institution of higher learning named "University Hall" in the Qing Dynasty, 2 years earlier than the establishment of the Capital University Hall. Now, Peiyang University Hall has been renamed Peiyang University and has begun enrolling students in the name of a university.
In the same month, the first higher vocational school in the Qing Dynasty: Beiyang Polytechnic School was established in Tianjin, and its first principal was Zhou Xuexi.
Li Qiwei was also surprised when he heard the news.
His own vocational high school and technical school have not yet been established, and the Qing Dynasty has already started to do so.
It seems that the Manchu and Qing government were not all idiots, but some people were not famous in history.
Li Qiwei's outline is very clear. Anyone who is interested in education and studies it in depth can basically think of this.
It can be seen from these actions that Li Qiwei was taking advantage of the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty was also taking advantage of Li Qiwei.
Because Guangdong University is in the south, where the Qing Dynasty has had weak control since ancient times.
Of course Cixi and others would not let Li Qiwei go, but copied his ideas and established the university in the Gyeonggi area that they could control.
Li Qiwei then realized that although he was a time traveler, it did not mean he was smarter than everyone else.
In September, the Qing government formally established the Ministry of Commerce, with Prince Qing Yikuang’s eldest son Zai Zhen as minister, and Wu Tingfang and Chen Bi as ministers.
The Ministry of Commerce immediately issued a statement to encourage private companies to open factories and enterprises.
There are even tax incentives for heavy industry.
Li Qiwei immediately approached Hu Xizhong and asked him to take advantage of this opportunity to accelerate the development of Shanhe Industrial Group.
At present, with the full dedication of General Manager Hu Xizhong, Shanhe Industrial Group has developed rapidly and has reached cooperation with many domestic giants to provide consulting or overall solution services to each other.
Li Qiwei still felt it was too slow and asked Hu Xizhong to produce the product as soon as possible.
Hu Xizhong did not complain about this. He continued to learn from foreign companies and strive to achieve the chairman's goal.
However, it is worth mentioning that the 50 tons of uranium ore transaction reached with Belgian Crown Prince Albert has been successfully completed.
Currently, these uranium ores are stored in the warehouse of Taishan Industrial Company. Li Qiwei ordered Hu Xizhong to keep them under strict supervision and not to use them for the time being.
At the same time, Li Qiwei also called Sheng Jingran in the UK and asked him to pay attention to a newly established automobile company in the United States called Ford Motor Company.
Strive to invest in shares in the early stages of establishment.
Sheng Jingran didn't ask why, but followed the chairman's instructions and got in touch with Henry Ford, the president of Ford Motor Company.
Pioneer Investment Group invested US$20,000 and became the second largest shareholder of Ford Motor Company.
In October, a piece of overseas news made Li Qiwei feel like he was in another world.
The third Nobel Prize in Physics was announced, and the winners were Becquerel, Pierre Curie, and Marie Curie.
The reason for the award is in recognition of their joint research on the discovered radioactive phenomenon.
Li Qiwei immediately wrote a letter via telegram and asked Sheng Jingran to forward it to the Curies on his behalf, congratulating them on their achievements.
At the same time, he sighed in his heart.
Since he returned to China, he seemed to have returned to another world.
In Europe, he is all-powerful, like a king in the field of physics, and is respected and sought after by countless academic leaders.
However, few people in China can understand his physical achievements.
Despite the propaganda from newspapers such as "Shenbao", it is simply a fantasy to expect that someone in a country that does not even have a serious university can understand the theory of relativity.
Everyone knows that Li Qiwei is a great scientist in the West, a very powerful one, but he does not have a specific concept.
It’s just like modern people know that alien technology is awesome, but they don’t understand where the awesomeness is.
Li Qiwei misses his days abroad a little.
However, he knows where his responsibility lies, and now is not the time to go abroad for fun.
On the one hand, physics is now in a vacuum.
In real history, the narrow phase was published in 1905, the broad phase was published in 1916, and quantum mechanics was officially established in 1925.
There was a gap of more than ten years.
If Li Qiwei stayed abroad, he would look very boring unless he published these theories in advance.
However, he cannot do this. He has to wait for Bohr, de Broglie and others to grow up.
On the other hand, his atomic bomb program requires too many talents.
Not only physicists, but also ordinary engineers, industrial personnel, etc., are all there.
If he did not return to China to start science and engineering education in advance, it would be even more impossible when the warlords were in trouble.
Start cultivating students now who can graduate at least four or five generations.
When the time comes, they will become the backbone of the City of Science and help Li Qiwei complete that grand plan.
Moreover, in times of trouble, Li Qiwei can also provide them with shelter and protect the domestic scientific fire.
So, now it is necessary to run education in the country.
In order not to feel too disconnected from the world, Li Qiwei suddenly thought that he might as well start a newspaper.
Although there are many universities in China, they are still a drop in the bucket for China's huge population base.
In fact, more people cannot go to college, even if it is free.
But if he can run a science and technology newspaper, it may be able to improve the scientific literacy of the general public.
In this era, the Qing Dynasty actually had science and technology newspapers, but the content on them was really unflattering.
The newspaper Li Qiwei plans to run will naturally be more professional and focused and will not lead people astray.
Li Qiwei gave this task to Xu Qitai.
Their family is a family of Western learning. They have not only translated a large number of Western scientific and technological documents, but also have experience in newspapers.
Coupled with the accumulated contacts, it is easy to handle such things.
Soon, a newspaper called "Science Weekly" came out.
The above mainly introduces the latest scientific advances in the West, covering various fields such as physics, chemistry, life sciences, and engineering.
And the content reported above is not a rigid article with pure theories and formulas.
Li Qiwei has the experience of later generations, so he naturally knows what is the most important thing about newspapers.
When he chooses content, he chooses content that is closely related to people's lives.
For example, "Science and Technology Weekly" reported that German scientists are researching an artificial fertilizer. Once successfully developed, natural manure fertilization will no longer be needed.
By then, food production can even increase dozens of times.
This news instantly caused a sensation among the people, and even the people in power in the Qing Dynasty were alarmed.
Food is the most important thing for the people. If the food crisis can be solved, I am afraid there will be no change of dynasty in this world.
Only then did the Qing government understand the importance of science and technology. Although this research has not been successful for the time being, the potential is too great.
In November, the main building frame of Huangpu University of Technology was completed, and it is expected to be officially used in two months.
In December, "Science Weekly" reported that the Wright brothers of the United States completed the first human flight in an airplane they invented.
The common people in China regard this news as a talking point, but only Li Qiwei knows how the birth of the airplane will change the entire world.
In the same month, he personally took charge of the Yangtze River Industrial Company and began the secret research and development of aircraft.
(End of this chapter)