Chapter 229 Ph.D. Graduation Requirements: Winning the Nobel Prize in Physics
After entering 1910, Li Qiwei could clearly feel that the pace was accelerating.
The pace is accelerating not just in the scientific community, but in society as a whole.
He has the soul of future generations. If he knows the outcome in advance, he can of course see the clues from the recent layout of various countries.
The demand from the military is increasing, and orders from various military industrial companies have skyrocketed, and they are increasing their efforts to produce various weapons.
Even various universities and research institutions suddenly received various research and development needs from the military.
This also made his Pioneer Investment Group a huge profit.
Li Qiwei couldn't help but sigh that he had made a fortune from war.
In war, scientists are as vulnerable as ordinary people and can easily lose their families.
In real history, Planck had two sons and two daughters. The eldest son died in the Battle of Verdun in World War I, and the second son died in World War II.
Both daughters died in childbirth. In the era of war and chaos, a professor did not have many privileges.
Fortunately, in 1911, because his first wife Melk died of illness, he married a second woman and gave birth to his third son.
In this life, with Li Qiwei's existence, he would naturally not let his mentor experience such a tragic fate.
Li Qiwei doesn’t care about the next battle. Fighting to the death has nothing to do with him anyway.
When the time comes, he will definitely go to his hometown in Borneo and take advantage of the opportunity to grow obscenely.
By the way, all the European scientists were fooled.
Almost all scientists are extremely war-weary. They want a paradise-like environment where they can concentrate on their research.
However, it is too early to think about this for the time being.
His top priority now is to assign topics to his doctoral students.
He has been thinking about this issue since the last meeting.
Bohr didn't need to think about it. His path had already been paved. All he had to do to study atomic structure was to cultivate it step by step.
Qian Wushi, Qian Huzhou, Deng Huaining, and Yu Yin, Li Qiwei will take them to Borneo to take on important responsibilities in the future.
But the four of them cannot study the atomic structure for the time being, because that will have to wait until Bohr perfects the quantum orbit.
So after thinking about it, he decided to assign the superconducting subject to Qian Wushi, Qian Huzhou, and Deng Huaining.
As for Yu Yin, he arranged to study spectroscopy with Chris and Gregory.
Li Qiwei also thought about the subject, about the splitting phenomenon of element spectrum under electric field.
This topic contains Li Qiwei’s bad taste.
After the topic was determined, he called all seven people into the office.
Bohr and others walked in excitedly and looked at Li Qiwei expectantly.
Three days ago, Li Qiwei informed them that their research directions would be determined in the near future.
The seven people were extremely excited.
It has been more than half a year since they entered the Ph.D. program, but Professor Bruce has never let them formally carry out research, but continues to study.
The daily task is to read papers, interpret papers, and then become familiar with various instruments in the laboratory.
However, a few people did not complain. The boss has his own reasons.
And the accumulation during this period makes all seven people feel that they have gained a lot and have laid a deep foundation for scientific research.
So they were grateful to Professor Bruce.
Li Qiwei looked at everyone's expressions and nodded with satisfaction.
If anyone shows impatience, he will regret it for the rest of his life.
He asked with a smile: "What do you think the purpose of studying for a Ph.D. is?"
Everyone was stunned. Isn't there an assigned topic today? Why ask about the purpose of studying for a Ph.D.
However, they still thought about it and said one after another:
“For my dream.”
“To study more advanced physics.”
“To return home successfully. country, serve the country”
“.”
Li Qiwei shook his head and smiled softly, "Okay, don't fool yourself there. What you want most is to get a doctorate."
A few people touched their heads and smiled, with faces showing that the child was lying. The cute expression that adults see through.
Li Qiwei thought to himself, let’s see if you can still laugh soon.
“A doctor who doesn’t want to graduate is not a good doctor and will not create much achievements.”
“My doctoral students have only one graduation requirement.”
With that said, Li Qiwei stretched out a finger, and Bohr and others secretly rejoiced, great, it would be easy to graduate now.
However, the next words were like a basin of cold water, chilling the seven people from head to toe.
“That is to win the Nobel Prize.”
“Considering that the awarding of the Nobel Prize is delayed, as long as your achievements are evaluated by me as Nobel Prize-level, you can graduate. ”
“How about it, it’s not too demanding, right?”
"You won't be able to achieve it, right?"
Faced with Li Qiwei's question, several people had their brains shut down and were immediately confused.
Their thinking was fixed by the sentence that graduates of Ph.D. are required to win the Nobel Prize.
At this time, several people looked hopeless and felt that the world had become darker.
Are you kidding? Who wants to win a Nobel Prize or publish Nobel Prize-level results after graduating from a Ph.D.?
Killing! Killing!
Gregory: I just feel noisy. I should have known better than to be fooled into studying for a Ph.D.
Chris: Woohoo~ I have to rush to Philips overnight!
Bohr: I had known that I should have chosen to study for a Ph.D. with Professor Rutherford. He and I have the best affinity.
Four members of Qian’s Fifth Division: Believe in the country, believe in Professor Li Qiwei, and believe in themselves.
Looking at the shocked expressions of several people, Li Qiwei smiled shamelessly.
“Oh, you young people are so unsure of themselves.”
“I thought you would be full of fighting spirit after hearing this request, but now it feels like the sky is falling?”
“It’s just a Nobel Prize, it’s not a big deal.”
“My Li Qiwei students, if they don’t have a Nobel Prize and are recognized by others in the future, please don’t mention mine. Name.”
After Bohr and others heard Li Qiwei's words, they seemed to suddenly think of something, their eyes became brighter and brighter, and their hearts were no longer as gray as before.
Could it be that Professor Bruce is already sure? They imagine in their hearts that this must be the case.
Professor Bruce already has a Nobel Prize-level project and is now preparing to distribute it to them.
For a time, several people's hearts felt like they were encountering the scorching sun in the cold winter, with great ups and downs.
At this time, Li Qiwei paused and said: "Yes, it is what you think."
"I personally think that these topics are Nobel Prize-level."
" As long as you take it seriously and study with concentration, you will definitely achieve great results."
"But if you are often lazy and fool around with experiments, you can only blame yourself."
A few people nodded obediently like chickens pecking at rice.
"Okay, next, I will divide you into three groups."
"Bohr, in a separate group, the topic is the study of atomic structure."
"Qian Wushi, Qian Huzhou , Deng Huaining, you are in a group of three, and the subject is the study of the properties of low-temperature materials."
"Chris, Gregory, and Yu Yin, you are in a group of three, and the subject is the study of the spectrum of elements by electric fields."
After listening to it, the seven people were very excited.
The topics Professor Bruce gave them were all cutting-edge research directions.
Needless to say, atomic structure and spectrum were the directions of modern physics designated by the first Bruce Conference.
The study of low-temperature material properties was a sudden idea of Professor Bruce, so there is definitely a lot to be done.
Several people are very satisfied with their projects.
The next step is to redistribute each person's small topics under the big topic.
Ridgway first asked Bohr to stay alone, and the others went out first.
"Bohr, the reason I asked you to work alone is because atomic structure is still in its early stages."
"There are not many foreseeable research directions, so there is no need for more ”
“I believe that with your wisdom, one person is enough.”
Bohr nodded sheepishly.
"I can give you a starting point."
"I recently revisited my planetary model, and I found that it has two problems that it cannot explain."
"The first is atoms. The stability. "
"According to the explanation of the planetary model, the motion of electrons around the nucleus is a circular motion, which is an accelerated motion."
"According to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, acceleration is inevitable. Will radiate energy”
"Therefore, the electrons should eventually fall into the nucleus, causing the atom to collapse."
"But the reality is that the atom always exists normally without collapse."
"Second, the electron The problem of arrangement outside the nucleus."
"The planetary model cannot explain how many electrons are inside the atom and how they are arranged."
"Based on the above two questions, I Want to introduce quantum concepts into atomic structure”
"I have an idea that you can think about."
"I think maybe the orbits of electrons outside the nucleus are also quantum."
"Some orbits are stable, and some Orbitals are unstable, and electrons do not radiate energy as long as they are in stable orbits."
"This explains the first problem."
"Furthermore, the size of each orbit is. is determined, so the number of electrons it can accommodate is also fixed, which explains the second question.”
"Of course, these are my rough ideas."
"It needs detailed mathematical and logical proof, and then experimental verification."
"However, I think it can be used as Your reference."
"You can try to study the atomic structure from this direction and see if you can find anything."
After listening to Li Qiwei's analysis, Bohr was already fascinated. Shocked and speechless.
Horrible, really terrible.
Professor Bruce’s physical intuition and talent are simply impossible to look directly at, as dazzling as the sun.
In fact, regarding the two issues of the planetary model, Bohr also thought of similar situations before.
It’s just that he can’t give any new solutions.
Now, Ridgway's concept of quantum orbits shocked Bohr.
This is too bold!
Orbit, this concept of classical physics, is obviously continuous.
Professor Bruce actually thinks it is quantized.
Bohr has nothing but admiration.
He wanted to surpass his teacher before, but now he looks like a mountain that can never be climbed.
The higher you stand, the more you realize your own insignificance.
Bohr said excitedly: "Professor, this is a great idea."
"Maybe you should study it yourself. I'm worried that I will ruin your idea."
Li Qiwei smiled and said, "Bohr, this is not your character when you were a child."
"Where is the Bohr who is not afraid of anything and who points directly at Bruce Lee? ”
"I'm still waiting for you to surpass me."
"If one day you really prove that my planetary model is wrong, I will personally promote it to you, hahaha."
Bohr also laughed after hearing this. He was infected by Li Qiwei's open-mindedness.
After studying physics, Bohr realized how young and frivolous he had been.
But what’s wrong with that? Professor Bruce was much crazier than himself at the beginning.
I will definitely not let him down!
Li Qiwei looked at Bohr's confidence and was very satisfied. He smiled and said: "Okay, Bohr, go back to do research."
"Let Chris and the others come in by the way. .”
(End of this chapter)