Chapter 243 Physics Bible! Bohr's notes! Laue soared into the sky! The physics community is shocked!
Although the discussion of evolution and creationism is becoming more and more heated, most people just go to the theater.
The biology bosses have finished their meeting and set the tone.
The future research direction of biology is also basically clear.
Li Qiwei's gene mutation and gene chain hypotheses are like ancient prophecies, waiting for some lucky person to prove or realize them.
As for the existence of God, it is too far away.
A certain biology master once said with great emotion after the creationism seminar:
Bruce is at least decades ahead of the times. Instead of chasing God, it is better to chase him.
As soon as these words came out, it caused a sensation instantly.
At this point, Bruce Lee has become a super scientist spanning the three major disciplines of physics, chemistry, and biology.
His name is like a star, engraved on the scientific sky, spreading endless brilliance.
Under his influence, countless people continue to break through their limits and achieve great results.
Physics, as the first of the natural sciences, is Bruce's only major, and its bright future has just begun.
Germany, University of Munich, Department of Theoretical Physics.
In a conference room, Laue was excitedly sharing his latest findings with his friends.
They were Sommerfeld's doctoral student Ewald, Sommerfeld's assistant Friedrich, and Roentgen's doctoral student Knipping.
Laue said excitedly: "Many people think that X-rays are particle flows, but I have the same view as Professor Bruce."
"I think it is an electromagnetic wave, but I haven't yet Only people can prove it.”
“But I will be able to prove it soon!”
Erwald and others were shocked, this is a big deal.
Since X-rays were discovered by Roentgen in 1895, there has been debate about their nature for 15 years.
The first Bruce Conference regarded the discovery of X-rays as a landmark event in modern physics.
So any breakthrough in X-rays will cause a huge sensation in the physics community!
The previous debate between Bakla and Bragg on the nature of X-rays aroused enthusiastic response in the academic community.
Although there was no winner in the end, it also made all physicists see the charm of X-rays.
Its value and potential are endless!
Ewald asked excitedly: "Laue, is it possible that your experiment finally made a breakthrough?"
Since Laue came to the University of Munich, he has a cheerful personality. The three of them soon became very good friends.
The four of them often gather together to discuss the most cutting-edge theories of physics.
So, the three of them knew that Laue's recent experiments had been about X-rays.
Now that Laue has excitedly announced that he wants to prove the nature of X-rays, it must be a breakthrough in the experiment.
Knippin smiled and said: "Congratulations, Laue, I think Professor Roentgen will be happy about this."
Friedrich also congratulated him.
However, Laue's next words immediately stunned the three of them. He smiled and said:
"No, you three guessed wrong. My experiment did not make progress. On the contrary, Big mistake, I’m ready to give it all up and start over.”
Wow!
Ewald, Friedrich, and Knippin were shocked.
“Laue, are you kidding me.”
“You have been doing this experiment for three years. Are you going to give up?”
“Since your experiment The experiment is wrong, why do you insist on proving the nature of X-rays?”
"Laue, if it doesn't work, you should rest for a while first and regain enough energy before talking."
"Someone as strong as Professor Bruce will be silent for 6 years."
There is no greeting between good friends, so the three of them asked Laue directly in surprise.
They were worried that there would be no problem with Laue's thoughts or emotions.
After all, Professor Boltzmann’s example is here, which makes Erwald and others a little worried.
Laue couldn't have been stupid while doing the experiment.
They knew that Einstein was Laue's close friend.
But the other party’s current status is already on par with Professor Sommerfeld, or even surpasses him.
After all, he was a powerful person who was able to attend the first blues conference and published several blockbuster papers.
Erwald was worried that Laue might have suffered a psychological shock or had a low self-esteem.
Laue was touched and amused when he saw his friends caring about him so much.
“Oh, you guys think too much, I am very good, I am not depressed and inferior.”
“If one of you can win the Nobel Prize in Physics one day, I will definitely be happy. It’s not too late.”
The three laughed, knowing themselves very well.
At this time, Laue said seriously and excitedly: "I overturned my previous experiment because I found a better experimental method."
"I read Bohr's notes many times a few days ago, and finally I found inspiration."
The three of them exclaimed, Bohr's notes!
Nowadays, in the physics circle, it has an even more awesome name: The Physics Bible! (Free translation, not the original word in the Bible)
This book, which records the first blues conference and the speeches of all the participating leaders, was sought after by countless people the day it came out.
But the reading threshold for this book is simply scary.
Knipping clearly remembers that his mentor, Professor Röntgen, said: Those who do not have a bachelor's degree in physics or above cannot read this notebook.
It’s scary that a notebook requires at least a bachelor’s degree or above to understand.
There are not many undergraduates in the world now, let alone those above.
Of course, this does not mean that others cannot understand it at all.
Rather, this notebook is of no use to them.
No matter what questions they have, without a certain accumulation of physics, they will not find any answers in this notebook.
And Laue is obviously not among them.
Every time he reads Bohr's notes, he will gain something different.
Until some time ago, he suddenly saw something Li Qiwei said in his notes:
“Perhaps there are such natural substances in nature, such as crystals, that can serve as finer gratings. .”
This was something Li Qiwei deliberately said casually when discussing X-rays.
However, Bohr didn't feel much when he heard this sentence, because he was not interested in X-rays.
So when he recorded it, he did not put it in an important position.
Bohr's notes are recorded in a form similar to a drama script.
What words each person said, or some irrelevant words, will also be recorded.
Among them, Bohr did not miss a word of Li Qiwei's words. But this also creates a reading problem.
It is easy for a careless person to skip over a chat thread when they see it.
Who would have thought that the truly essential sentence is hidden in it.
That’s the case with Laue.
If he hadn't read it several times, he would have ignored this sentence.
But this sentence made Laue feel like he had found a treasure, and he was so excited that he stayed up all night.
Because it can be seen from the strong penetrability of X-rays that if X-rays are waves, their wavelength must be very short, only about one thousandth of visible light.
The condition for diffraction to occur is that the wavelength must be of the same order of magnitude as the size of the grating.
With existing technology, it is impossible to make such fine gratings.
But crystals are different.
Laue first proved theoretically that if the size of the three-dimensional structure of the crystal really matches the wavelength of the X-ray, then diffraction will definitely occur.
This proves that X-rays are electromagnetic waves.
When Laue informed his three friends about the source of his idea, there was an immediate exclamation.
Erwald said in surprise: "What a genius idea, but why haven't I seen these words from Professor Bruce before?"
Knippin laughed and said: "You are so big and thick, how could you possibly notice such details."
Friedrich sighed: "Professor Bruce is really terrible. His words made Lao Er directly gave up several years of accumulation."
"And also pointed out the correct research direction."
"I decided to read Bohr's notes again tonight."
Friedrich's words made several people feel the same and lamented.
At this time, Laue suddenly smiled and said: "Okay, don't sigh there."
"I need the help of my brothers now."
"Because all my previous experiments have Canceled, so I want to speed up this time."
"I'm worried that sooner or later someone else will discover this."
"If someone else gets there first, I'll be really depressed. Now, we can only learn from Professor Boltzmann.”
Laue's words made all three of them smile, and they quickly clapped their chests in assurance.
"Laue, just tell us what you want us to do, and we will do it for you all night long!"
Laue was very moved and said: "Erwald, help me find it. Some crystals that are easier to prepare."
"It's better to have more than 10 types, so that people won't say we are a coincidence."
"Friedrich, Knippin, help me prepare them. A light source that can continuously emit X-rays, and camera equipment.”
"I will write down the specific methods for you. I have done these before."
"My next main job is to design experiments."
"Everyone, please !”
After saying that, Laue thanked him deeply.
For the next time, the four of them stayed up all night, forgetting to eat or sleep.
Sommerfeld was very pleased to see the boys working so hard.
Laue repeatedly calculated on the draft paper to ensure that there were no problems.
March 1, 1910, in the physics laboratory of the University of Munich.
Laue suddenly shouted excitedly: "Look!"
The three Ewalds quickly moved closer to look at the photographic film.
I saw that after X-rays passed through the copper sulfate crystal, diffraction spots actually appeared on the film.
Laue's experiment was a success!
X-rays are really electromagnetic waves!
“Wow, Laue, you are such a genius.”
“The Nobel Prize in Physics has been booked.”
"My God, am I going to witness the birth of a Nobel laureate?"
The three of them danced excitedly, holding Laue in their arms and shouting loudly.
Although Laue was in extreme excitement, he remained calm.
"Quick, let me try a few more crystals."
Immediately afterwards, Laue experimented with lead sulfide crystals and sodium chloride crystals, and saw diffraction spots in all of them.
Laue finally shouted loudly, "It worked! I succeeded!"
He cried with joy.
The three Erwalds hugged him in the center.
Although Laue behaves very openly in front of outsiders and does not take everything seriously.
But no one knew how much pressure he was under.
As someone who had been personally invited by Ridgway to attend a meeting of young scholars in Brussels, Laue had always been a genius in the eyes of those around him.
Nonsense, if you are not a genius, can you win the favor of Bruce?
However, as Li Qiwei's status became higher and higher, Laue was under increasing pressure.
When his best friend of the same age, Einstein, rose unstoppably, Laue reached the lowest point in his life.
He has studied under the super masters of physics such as Röntgen and Planck.
The evaluations received are all excellent and smart.
But this is not enough in Laue's opinion.
Physics has always been about strength.
Now, Laue can finally raise his head confidently and chat and laugh with other big guys.
“I, Laue, will never be weaker than anyone else in my life!”
Only half a month passed, March 15th.
The cover of the journal "Nature" published Laue's paper: "Study on the Diffraction Phenomena of X-rays by Crystals".
In the paper, Laue perfectly and powerfully proved that X-rays are an electromagnetic wave through precise and exquisite experiments.
This ends the 15-year debate on the nature of X-rays.
Boom!
The physics community is shocked!
(End of this chapter)