Chapter 370 is shocking! The four stages of scientific development! Scientific ideas are more important than theories!
October 8, 1915, French Concession.
The convening of the first general meeting of all members of Huaxia Science Society marks that the field of Huaxia Science has entered a new stage of development.
At this moment, Li Qiwei stepped onto the podium.
Looking at the hungry faces and unwavering faith.
Li Qiwei's mood was agitated.
He wants to point out the direction for these passionate young people in the audience, so that they will no longer be confused and move forward bravely.
They are the hope for the future of Chinese science.
“Today, the topic of my speech has three parts.”
“The first part is: what is the development process of science.”
“When talking about science, our first reaction is often Western science.”
“Although it is a pity, it is an established fact that science was born in the West. No one can deny this.”
“I know that many people in China will go to the literature for archeology for national pride.”
“It proves that there was science in ancient China.”
“But as scientists, all of you here Elites in the field, I believe you have a cautious attitude towards this.”
"Science seeks truth from facts and cannot be troubled by any subjective factors."
Everyone in the venue looked serious instantly.
President Li emphasized the scientific spirit in his opening chapter.
Hua Xia Science Society wants to spread science in the country, but it must not be restricted by patriotism.
Promoting science is patriotic, but science itself has nothing to do with the country.
This logic is deeply remembered by everyone.
“After science was born in the West, it has actually experienced a long and tortuous development.”
“What we call science now is generally regarded as modern science by default.”
< br>“The period between the ancient Greek era and the Middle Ages can be vividly called classical science.”
“The most important achievement of classical science is to determine the guiding position of logic in science. ”
"Euclidean geometry is the pinnacle representative of logical deduction."
"From then on, the construction of the scientific building has a solid material foundation."
"However, only logic It’s far from enough.”
“Another characteristic of classical science is the use of brain imagination instead of experiments.”
“For example, the famous iron ball falling problem”
"Aristotle just imagined this process in his mind, so he got the wrong results."
"This dislike of experiments is also related to that era."
< br>“In ancient Greece, people who could do scientific research with peace of mind were generally not ordinary people.”
“It is indeed a bit impossible to let these great men do hard work.”
“Therefore, it is a pity that the experiment has not received the attention of scientists.”
"Modern science has realized the importance of experiments."
"Theory must be consistent with experiments to be correct, and the experimental results must be consistent with natural phenomena."
"Modern science It has gone through four stages so far. "
"The first is the Enlightenment stage in the 15th and 16th centuries."
"The most important achievement of this stage is Copernicus' heliocentric theory."
"This great achievement in the field of astronomy has completely shattered the church's shackles on people's thinking."
"Although from today's perspective, the heliocentric theory is also wrong."
"But it has a profound impact on people's thinking." The influence on society at that time and on the humanistic trend of thought was unparalleled. "
"And the heliocentric theory laid a profound foundation for later astronomy and even Newtonian mechanics."
" The 17th and 18th centuries were the formative stage of science.”
"The two most important scientists of this period were Galileo and Newton."
"Galileo established the scientific system of experimental research, while Newton developed this system to its peak and proposed Newton's laws."
< br>“At this stage, science began to form branches, such as physics, chemistry, medicine, etc.”
“But no matter which branch it is, their research process is the same.”
"The first is to formulate hypotheses by observing natural phenomena."
"Then, conduct a large number of experiments to verify these hypotheses."
"Finally, by comparing the theoretical and experimental results, prove whether the hypotheses are correct."
"This system is today It seems obvious.”
“But its birth is extremely difficult. It can be said to be a revolution in thought and a historical turning point.”
“At least, China. After thousands of years of development, this kind of systematic research thought has not been summarized. ”
"So, the real essence of science has never been the theorems and formulas, but the process of obtaining those theorems and formulas."
"Knowing what is not enough is not enough. Only by knowing why can we truly enter the threshold of science."
“From this period, experiments have become the most important link in scientific research.”
“And the by-product of science: the industrial revolution, has profoundly changed our The world.”
Wow!
Everyone looked shocked.
President Li’s analysis helped them understand what the true scientific spirit is like.
This huge and exquisite wisdom system was not established overnight, but took successive efforts over hundreds of years.
And this entire process is closely centered around these two pillars: logic and experimentation.
“The 19th century was a stage of rapid development of science.”
"There were three shocking achievements during this period: Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, cell theory, and Darwin's theory of evolution."
"Science during this period was more brilliant and diverse, and various fields were booming."
"Moreover, science has undergone one of the most significant changes, that is, it is getting further and further away from ordinary people."
"This far does not refer to unfamiliarity in experience and cognition, but to the difficulty of understanding the theoretical system. . ”
“One can easily imagine the picture of Newtonian mechanics, but it is difficult for him to directly construct how the electromagnetic field operates. ”
"From this period onwards, science gradually transcended people's experience and paid more attention to rationality."
"The two major ideas of logic and experiment have developed to their peak."
"Scientists have since then and There is a difference between ordinary people."
"A person without professional training will never be able to communicate effectively with scientists in a professional field."
"With Newton. In this era, it is not uncommon to move across industries.”
"But now, even if I want to be a biologist, I have to learn from scratch."
A burst of laughter broke out from the audience.
Everyone thinks President Li is too modest.
You are always proposing the existence of creationism, who dares to say that you are a biological layman.
“Science in the 19th century gave birth to the second industrial revolution.”
"If the first industrial revolution greatly enriched our material life."
"Then the second industrial revolution made our lives more sophisticated and unimaginable."
< br>“However, everyone must remember that these are only by-products of science.”
“If you study science with utilitarian purposes from the beginning, you are destined to achieve nothing.”
< br>“Because you will always think about the use of this and the use of that.”
"Thus ignoring many important phenomena."
"Those real scientists never care about whether it is useful, only about why."
"It is true that the Huaxia Science Society is to spread science , to improve the level of domestic science and technology. ""But this does not mean that we should utilitarianize science."
"What we should spread is scientific ideas and inspire more. people, and then transform this idea into technology.”
"Otherwise, it will be like the United States."
"It is obviously the world's largest industrial power, but in the field of science, it can only pick up the leftovers of Europe."
" If China follows this path and always uses doctrine, it will be choked by the West in the future. "
The word choked made the members present feel very strange.
After reading it silently several times, I found that it was easy to understand the meaning and it was very vivid.
At this time, Ren Hongjun said:
“President, I understand.”
“You asked us to view science and communicate science correctly from the foundation.”
< br>"Treat science as an idea, not a tool, just use it."
Li Qiwei nodded and said: "That's right."
"We must first figure out what the core of our communication is."
"Just like the industrial revolution is a by-product of science."
"It is just a matter of improving domestic science and technology and enhancing national strength. A by-product of the communication science of Huaxia Science Society."
"Because only in this way can we go further and be more solid."
"Assume an extreme situation." br>
"One day the three-star civilization came to the earth and wiped out the entire Western world."
"Then can the remaining countries continue to develop science?"
"I think it is difficult. ”
“Because this scientific idea has not been fully accepted and digested by us.”
Li Qiwei used "Insects" as an example, which is easy for everyone to understand.
He continued:
"In the 20th century, it was the fourth stage of science, which I call the breakthrough period."
"Although there is a suspicion that Wang Po is selling his melons and boasting, but The theory of relativity and quantum theory are undoubtedly breakthroughs in the field of science."
"This breakthrough is ideological. It changes the way people look at the world, which is no longer the same situation before. ”
“Although the theory of relativity and quantum theory have just been born, I am confident that these two theories will dominate the next hundred years.”
"From this stage, science has completely separated itself from ordinary people."
"An ordinary person may be able to understand Newtonian mechanics through popular science. If he is smarter, he may be able to understand electromagnetism."
“However, it is absolutely impossible for him to understand the theory of relativity and quantum theory in depth just through popular science.”
“You must realize this.”
“ What content the science society wants to popularize and to what extent it should be popularized need to be carefully considered.”
"For different groups of people, such as college students and ordinary workers, the focus of science popularization is also different."
"These are contents that require careful and careful planning by the Science Society."
"So, You must not underestimate your own work.”
“It’s not just a matter of translating a few foreign documents to popularize science.”
“You must first have your own understanding. And crumbled it up and explained it to others.”
"If you can't explain it, it means you don't understand it yourself, so how can you popularize science?"
Wow!
Li Qiwei’s remarks shocked everyone.
Because it speaks to their hearts.
Everyone did not expect that there are so many ways to do science popularization work.
Especially activists like Zhou Ren, who immediately stood upright and warned themselves to take this career seriously in the future.
Most of the members of Huaxia Science Society have their own jobs.
Joining the science club is a voluntary labor. Currently, there is no salary. It is all supported by dreams.
Therefore, Li Qiwei needs to let everyone understand that science popularization cannot be done casually.
If you really want to revive Chinese science, then everything needs to be done seriously.
If we fish for three days and dry the nets for two days, and fool around every day, it would be better to leave early in the morning, but it will waste both parties' time.
Ren Hongjun quickly recorded this point on paper.
As the vice president, he needs to comprehensively consider the development of the society.
Since the president raised this issue, he must find a way to solve it.
“Perhaps we can consider introducing an incentive mechanism in the future.”
As for what it is, he hasn't figured it out yet.
At this time, Li Qiwei continued:
“The above are the four stages of scientific development.”
“This is just my personal summary, a general classification. "
"The specific situation is countless times more complicated than this."
"However, what I want to express is the same."
"Although science originated in the West, anyone and any country can learn it."
"Scientific ideas are universal , There are no national boundaries.”
“Although the Huaxia Science Society is not a specific scientific research institution, it also needs to follow scientific ideas.”
“There are so many research laboratories. Knowledge, without unified ideological guidance, will be very confusing.”
"So, I hope my analysis can help you."
"You should also be good at using scientific ideas in your daily work."
Wow!
Thunderous applause erupted in the venue.
At this moment, all the members felt that President Li was like a god.
His speech was inspiring!
From a high-level perspective, he analyzed the development of science from a macro level.
Let everyone have a deeper understanding of the scientific system as if reading the article on the palm of their hand.
The impact this depth has brought to China in this era can be imagined.
You know, in China now, there is not even the official title of scientist.
Folks have no concept of this at all.
It was precisely because of the emergence of Li Qiwei that science accelerated slightly in China, but it was also limited.
Because of the lack of media and power of communication.
Now, there is a media, and that is the Huaxia Science Society.
There is also power, and that is the power of thought.
Therefore, this guiding theory can be said to have laid the foundation for the entire scientific development of China.
Even in the future, historians will evaluate Li Qiwei as the "Father of Chinese Science".
Even if he previously published the theory of relativity and won the Nobel Prize, it would not work.
Because he has no ideas, his theory is his own and cannot guide others.
Now, Li Qiwei began to influence others, allowing the seeds of science to take root and sprout.
This is the most important thing for a country.
Scientific theories apply to individuals, while scientific ideas apply to nations.
Although Li Qiwei's current remarks are not even ideological, he will gradually improve them.
The speech continues!
(End of this chapter)