Chapter 745: It is easy to plan when it is strong, but it is difficult to plan when it is weak and in chaos
The mapping telescope of the Royal Institute of Technology, but provided by the Institute of Geosciences, is a precision-made optical instrument.
At first, this thing was extremely expensive to make. In the past two years, as more craftsmen were grinding glass, it was made available to the students of the Polytechnic Institute for practical use. Previously, it was all kept by dedicated personnel and shared by three people. Remove and place.
A surveying telescope, even in the 14th year of Wanli, would cost as much as 200 silver to buy. There are only thirty of them in the Polytechnic Institute, and they are shared by nearly 4,000 students in the Polytechnic Institute. It is a treasure-like thing. When the instrument was pushed down by the supervisor of the Imperial College, the supervisor was furious and started fighting with the supervisor.
"Your Majesty, these supervisors of the Imperial College are very humiliating to the students of the Institute of Science and Technology. Whenever they meet, they will insult and scold the students of the Institute of Science and Technology for betraying the ways of the ancestors and their benevolence and righteousness. The supervisors must show ridicule. and mocking He used his expression to show his resistance to those who do not follow the right path and to show off that he is a benevolent and righteous person who loves the world and does not associate with these anxious people." Feng Bao told the emperor that this was not the first conflict; long-standing conflict.
A group of Confucian scholars who are not engaged in production look down upon the students of science and engineering who study the infinite principles of all things.
Feng Bao continued: "If it was just a conflict of words, the deans of the Institute of Science and Technology would only feel that they were despicable, so they would not pay attention to it. But this time the supervisor overthrew their equipment, and the anger that was already there made him angry. It turned into action.”
In this conflict between the old and new schools, the college students are the weak side and always avoid direct conflicts with the supervisors. It is very simple. The supervisors have merit and honor, but the college students do not. There was a real conflict, and it was more or less a crime.
But this time, the supervisors knocked down the instrument.
Zhu Yijun nodded and said: "So it was the prison students who made the mistake first. Because of their prestigious status, they were used to being arrogant, and they intensified their bullying of the dean students who had endured the humiliation, which led to this conflict."
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"And the supervisors are scholars. Abolition of their fame and privileges will be resisted by all scholar-bureaucrats. This will indeed be more difficult."
"Then do the opposite and give us The academic achievements of the students at the Royal Institute of Technology are equal to those of scholars, and they are all honored.”
Zhu Yijun went too far in this matter. He did not punish even the Polytechnic students who hit others. He even improved the social status of the students and gave them honors, which was equivalent to the treatment of supervisory students. When they face each other again in the future, these college students will not be at a disadvantage.
“They talk about benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom, trust, gentleness, courtesy, frugality, and humiliation, but I can’t see any of these ten words in this matter!”
“They flaunt themselves as Confucian scholars. , but do not have any virtues. These students are still very young, and their understanding of everything comes from their teachers. This arrogant attitude is probably the words and deeds of their teachers. "
"In the next chapter, the Hanlin Academy and the Imperial College asked: The aspirations of young people will lead to the aspirations of the country, and the prosperity of young people will lead to the prosperity of the country. I entrust the young people of the whole country to the Imperial Academy. Why are there such crazy and rebellious people?"
Zhu Yijun narrowed his eyes slightly, They chose to deal with it seriously and hold the heads of the Hanlin Academy and the Imperial College to account. Is this how they educate students? Can the emperor still rest assured when he hands over the Imperial Academy to them?
Feng Bao told the emperor that this was an unbearable counterattack by the students of the Institute of Science and Technology. If the precious instruments had not been knocked down, they would have continued to endure it until the entire Ming Dynasty realized the importance of the way of science and engineering. Only labels such as "dirty", "not doing business properly" and "exquisite skills" will be removed.
Feng Bao said with a very solemn expression: "What if these supervisors are making trouble? In other words, what if the academicians and academic directors of the Imperial College still instigate the students to make noise? After all, the supervisors were indeed beaten this time. I usually mess up three points unreasonably, but now I have suffered a loss, and I am determined not to swallow this breath. "
Zhu Yijun thought for a while and said: "I have dealt with it, but they still don't listen. It is disloyal. Then send them to Liaodong. There are schools in Liaodong but there is a lack of teachers. Let them go to Liaodong for three years of education and training. , can we return to the capital and send everything from supervising students to offering wine.”
The feudal monarchy has limitations, and it is based on the emperor's likes and dislikes, that is, complete rule of man.
When Zhu Yijun heard about this, his first question was whether anyone had died. If it were a human life lawsuit, it would be very troublesome, but fortunately there was no life, so the emperor had complete discretion in this matter. If you continue to make trouble, send all the troops to Liaodong to support border education construction!
Three years is not enough, then six or nine years. This is a warning to give them a long memory.
"I obey the order." Feng Bao obeyed the order of his leader.
Zhu Yijun thought for a while and said: "Oh, by the way, let the Imperial College pay compensation for the broken surveying telescope, pay a price of 500 silver, and have the Imperial College deliver it to the Institute of Science and Technology before sunset. ”
The internal price of the mapping telescope was 200 silver per unit, but it was only 500 silver when sold out, so the emperor claimed 500 silver and asked the Imperial Academy to deliver it within a time limit.
"I obey the decree." Feng Baozai bowed his head and said.
Xiaohuangmen sent the memorials approved by the emperor to Wenyuan Pavilion. Wang Chonggu, who had been working in Wenyuan Pavilion for a long time, opened the memorials and read them for a long time. After reading them, he glanced at Zhang Juzheng, who was sitting upright.
"If Wang Cifu has any objections to His Majesty's handling, he can just write a floating note to refute it. Why do you keep looking at me? I agree with Your Majesty's handling." Zhang Juzheng put down his pen and looked at Wang Chonggu.
Obviously, Zhang Juzheng noticed Ci Fu’s little move.
Wang Chonggu waved his hands repeatedly and said: "Of course I don't have any objection to His Majesty's handling. They are just a bunch of cheap scholars. Why should I support them? I am the leader of the Labor Party. The future of the Labor Party depends on the Institute of Science and Technology. Geotechnical engineers are required to explore mineral veins. , architects are needed for great construction projects, and cartographers are needed for repairing bridges and repairing roads. , ship design requires naval engineers, etc., each of them is a treasure of our Labor Party.”
“Your Majesty is biased, of course I agree with both hands and feet.”
Hua Daming Kanyu. Every cartographer of the general map is very valuable, and their arithmetic skills are excellent.
It is not easy to train cartographers. The main reason is that it is very difficult to learn. You need to practice the six skills, that is, proportion, orientation, distance, terrain, inclination, and straightness. The straightness is the twists and turns of roads, rivers, and mountains. Each one is very difficult to learn.
There are less than fifty apprentice cartographers in the Polytechnic Institute. It’s not that the Polytechnic Institute doesn’t want to expand its enrollment. Wang Chonggu can’t wait to build a big house in the Royal Institute of Technology. Planting sycamore trees attracts phoenixes. The Royal Institute of Technology’s first The third phase of the project has been fully completed.
Enrollment in a polytechnic is inherently difficult. People with some talent are rushing to take the imperial examinations to gain fame and become officials. However, mapping requires a strong arithmetic talent. If you don't know how to do arithmetic, you just don't know how. This is the only way this cartographer apprentice can do it. A few people.
"Then what do you want me to do?" Zhang Juzheng frowned.
"It's nothing, I just saw that His Majesty asked the Imperial College to pay compensation, and I thought it was a bit strange." Wang Chong, the ancient god, said.
Zhang Juzheng smiled and ignored Wang Chonggu. The old official immediately understood Wang Chonggu's strange aura.
First of all, when did the group of scholar-bureaucrats like the Imperial College suffer such a loss? His Majesty has made this decision;
Secondly, the emperor could even see five hundred silver, and he specifically emphasized that he lived up to his reputation of being frugal.
To make such a decision and to be frugal, in the minds of the Ming Dynasty scholar-bureaucrats, they were all freaks educated by Zhang Juzheng. But in fact, Zhang Juzheng knew very well that this was not his teaching, but his own temperament.
"The Ministry of Rites reported that Han Feizi will be tested in the next national examination. The annotated Han Feizi has been sent to the Imperial College. What does Wang Cifu think?" Zhang Juzheng asked Wang Chonggu for his opinion.
"There is no greater good." Wang Chonggu said with certainty: "It's just that the entire Han Feizi is word for word without any deletions. I'm afraid these Confucian scholars will think it is an insult to them again, hey."
"Is Cifu worried about Wu Zhipian?" Zhang Juzheng asked after thinking for a moment.
Wang Chonggu nodded and said: "Of course, Han Feizi scolded them by name in the Wu Zhi Chapter."
Zhang Juzheng thought for a while and replied: "Han Feizi also scolded all Confucian scholars. Everyone was scolded. Whoever jumps will bring the label of cheap Confucianism to his own head. It's good, the humble Confucians jumped out on their own."
"Besides, they can't change anything."
"What Yuan Fu said makes sense." After agreeing with Zhang Juzheng's idea and getting the stamp on the floating ticket, the next imperial examination will be "Han Feizi".
Nowadays, arithmetic is required to be tested in the examination of candidates, and there are many things to be tested in the examination of Jinshi. It turns out that the weight of Confucianism is gradually decreasing.
The promotion of cultural education and the promotion of military affairs are important parts of the cultural aspects of the Wanli Reform. Taking the imperial examination as a guide to reform education is the general trend. No matter how dissatisfied these cheap Confucians are, they can only hold back while His Majesty is alive.
If you have the ability, kill the emperor. If you don’t have the courage and ability, you can only accept this anger.
The specific issue discussed by Zhang Juzheng and Wang Chonggu is that there is an article in Han Feizi called "Five Pests", which talks about the five pests that must be eliminated in the dynasty. The first pest is the one who likes law. A humble Confucian of three generations or more.
Han Feizi was a Legalist, and what he hated most were these conservative Confucian scholars.
In the words of Han Feizi: The social customs of ancient and modern times are different, and the old and new political decrees are naturally different. If you blindly pursue lenient and gentle decrees to govern the people in the era of great changes, it will be like driving a fierce horse without reins and whips. Just as ridiculous, this is an unwise scourge.
In ancient times, why didn’t all the peoples fight? Because there are so few people, hunting and gathering are completely sufficient even without farming.
The so-called lenient government of three generations above is itself illusory and cannot withstand scrutiny and research. It does not matter whether it is true or false. The ancients despised property not because of benevolence and righteousness, but because of the abundance of wealth. Today, people treat each other with disdain. The fight is not because of despicability, but because of lack of money.
(This means that the ancient way of changing money was not benevolent, because it was rich; today's competition is not contemptuous, but it was poor.)
Why are today's anxious people fighting for each other? Because there are many people.
Five children in a family are not too many, and five children have five children. Before the eldest father died, there were twenty-five grandchildren.
Over three generations, how many ancestors were there? Nowadays, there are many people and few wealth. Even if they work hard and work hard, they still can't support so many people. Therefore, all the people are fighting. If they don't fight, they will starve and freeze. However, the government's decree doubles the rewards and rewards. Continuous punishment will inevitably lead to chaos.
(This is because the people are common but have little wealth, work hard but have little support, so the people fight, and although they are rewarded and punished, they are not immune to chaos.)
At this time, these individuals Confucian scholars only know how to foolishly praise the ways of the previous kings, preach benevolence, righteousness and morality, pay attention to the beauty of clothing, use sophistry, clever arguments, and words to criticize today's government decrees, and use the laws of the past kings' times to disturb today's laws and shake the king's authority. determination.
(Scholars say that the way of the former kings was based on benevolence and righteousness, and they decorated their arguments with grand appearances and costumes, doubting the laws of the world, and deceiving the hearts of the masters.)
This is Han Feizi's criticism. The first silverfish, the scholar.
The second type of silverfish that Han Feizi criticized was, as the ancients say, people who seek personal gain under the guise of political strategists. They deceive, mistake people for horses, and use foreign forces to achieve their own personal goals. They give up most of the interests of society and the country. They also encourage others to give up collective interests and disrupt the public order and good customs of the country.
(Those who speak of the ancients are trying to deceive others by borrowing external forces to achieve their own interests while leaving the benefit of the country.)
If the five kinds of beetles are not eliminated, the country will perish. Strange.
Xunzi, the most sage teacher of Confucianism, scolded Confucians as cheap, and Han Feizi also scolded Confucians as cheap. In fact, these Confucians are really hated by people. For example, Li Zhi, the supervisory censor, was dissatisfied with the Ming Dynasty's Wanguocheng policy. , requesting to be let go to show the magnanimity of the Celestial Kingdom, was rejected by the emperor in the Huangji Palace. tolerance? This kind of thing really cannot be said about the magnanimity of the Celestial Kingdom. In the Southern Song Dynasty, we talked about this magnanimity. Later, the Pu family in Quanzhou killed most of the clan members of the old Zhao family, and the rest were packaged and given to Kublai Khan. Or Zhu Yuanzhang avenged the old Zhao family for "the crime of leading the Yuan Dynasty to the Song Dynasty".
And this Quanzhou Pu family is a businessman who came by boat, a serious foreigner.
The Ming Dynasty has its ancestors and established laws, so it is absolutely impossible to open this hole.
Ultra-conservatives, conservatives and retro-conservatives are not the same sect at all. Retro-conservatives and retro-conservatives are not more conservative than conservatives, but they are definitely more extreme than ultra-conservatives.
It is a pest of the country that Xunzi and Han Feizi criticized thousands of years ago.
In May of the 14th year of Wanli, the Ming Dynasty ushered in the annual Wine Festival amidst the aroma of wine at the opening of the wine inspection. It was not yet time for the big competition at the end of the month, but countless wine merchants, Bringing his own wine, he came to Beiya to participate in the grand event, hoping to win a good ranking.
In the aroma of wine in midsummer, the large sailing ship from Taixi also successfully arrived at the new port of Songjiang Prefecture. The envoy from Taixi stayed in Tongzhou to report the news, and then stayed at Siyi Pavilion.
"Why are there only two million taels of silver this year? In previous years, there were six million taels of silver. I didn't hear that a sailboat sank during this voyage." Chen Xuexue asked the Taixi in front of him with a frown. Person, Felipe II's Palace Secretary, Pedro Fernandez.
Pedro has black eyes and brown-red hair, which is well-groomed. He wears a ring collar around his neck. The ring collar is an indispensable decoration for the Thai and Western nobles. The reason is: Wearing a ring collar forces oneself to show a proud, tall, noble and arrogant posture. We never lower our heads.
"There was a riot in the rich silver mine. Last year, the silver production was seriously insufficient, so there were only two million taels of silver used for sea trade. We only learned about this situation after arriving in Peru." Dro said neither humble nor haughty.
Of course Pedro cannot say that the prices in Spain have stabilized and there is no need for so many Ming goods. This seems very barbaric. The Ming Dynasty is a celestial country and cannot be easily offended. The team found a reasonable reason.
Smoothness is not only a characteristic of the Ming Dynasty. Only barbarians will expose their intentions without concealment.
Chen Xuexue said unhurriedly: "The Ming Dynasty's ocean-going merchant ships have set off this year, carrying about seven million silver in cargo. If what the envoy said is true, wouldn't the Ming Dynasty want to bring the cargo back? ?”
The Taixi galleons and the Ming Dynasty’s ocean caravans will bring an inflow of 9.5 million taels of silver to the Ming Dynasty every year. This time the galleons brought less, just as the Ming Dynasty’s ocean caravans brought more Brought some.
"Wouldn't that be a waste of the ship's capacity?" Pedro's expression changed, seemingly concerned, but in fact he said reluctantly.
The galleons did not bring the silver, so Ming took the goods and went to get it himself.
Chen Xuexue said calmly: "Probably not. If Spain and Portugal cannot consume enough goods, I think France, the Netherlands and England will be very happy to consume these goods. You know very well that Ming Dynasty's goods are quite popular." Welcome, don’t worry about sales, Lisbon collects and distributes goods, there are a lot of them merchants, including Osman.”
“The transportation capacity will not be wasted.”
The Ming Dynasty does not have any fulcrum in the West. The distribution of goods in Lisbon will cause chaos in various places every time. Merchants flocked there, including Spain's life-and-death enemy, the Ottoman Kingdom.
Chen Xuexue is reminding the Spanish envoys not to compete with the Ming Dynasty!
Hello, I'm good, everyone, and I will bring the silver to Da Ming honestly. I will not give it to Da Ming if I insist. Da Ming has many means.
Pedro thought for a moment and said: "Because the Queen of England issued a privateering license, there are now more than ten times more pirates on the sea than before, and the sea environment has become harsh."
“Many ships look like merchant ships, but they may also be pirates. The Ming Dynasty’s ocean-going merchant ships traveled thousands of miles to reach the West, but they may also be attacked by these ships. The pirates' harassment, my king apologized, did not create a stable environment, but the storm in the Atlantic blocked my king's conquest."
It is true that privateering licenses destroy the business environment. , but there is a very clear threatening meaning in Pedro's words. If Chen Xuexue can't even understand this, he will stop being the right minister of the Ministry of Rites.
Spain refused, so Ming Dynasty took the initiative to send merchant ships there. If something unexpected happens, don’t blame their king. These pirates may occupy the island as king, they may be English pirates, or they may be Spanish pirates. Who can say for sure.
The Spanish navy also raises pirates. Although Pedro did not say a single harsh word, every word was a threat.
Gao Qiyu, who had been listening for a long time, smiled when he heard this. He sat up straight, thought about it and said, "I have a story here, told to the special envoy."
"At about one hundred and seventy Years ago, the Ming Dynasty sent its Western envoy Zheng He to lead the Ming Dynasty fleet to Ceylon in the West. When we were staying in the country, the king of Ceylon, Ariel Kunel, coveted the goods of our Ming caravan and invited the special envoy Zheng He to come ashore. However, the king ordered his son to besiege our Ming ship with the intention of robbing the goods.”
“The king, as the master of a country, mobilized more than 50,000 troops; Our fleet only has less than 2,000 people. Guess what the result was?"
Pedro frowned and asked in confusion: "What was the result?"
"Cha Cha? It was more than two thousand soldiers of the Ming Dynasty who took advantage of the night to raid the Royal City of Ceylon and captured the countrymen alive. The king and his family brought it back to the Ming Dynasty and presented it to the palace." Gao Qiyu looked at Pedro and said, "The valor of Emperor Cheng Zuwen and the style of Yongle in the past cannot be matched today, but the Ming Dynasty's ocean-going merchant ships are also the same. If you do business with a sword, you will not lose the dignity of your ancestors.”
"Don't bother the envoy to worry."
Threaten the Ming Dynasty? Ask about the thirty-six kilogram naval gun on the ship. Do you agree?
“There is an old saying in China, it is easy to plan when it is strong, but it is difficult to plan when it is weak and chaotic.”
“This sentence means that when the country is stable and strong, it is particularly easy to succeed no matter what you plan. ; But the country is weakening Chaos, no matter how powerful the strategy is, cannot be realized. Since the Wanli Restoration, your majesty has worked hard and all the ministers have worked hard to make the Ming Dynasty strong." Chen Xuexue's words were also very impolite and even sounded a lesson. .
The Ming Dynasty is a celestial dynasty, and envoys from various countries are treated as Sun Tzu. According to the "Fan Guo Yi Note" during the Yongle period, when the Ming envoys go to all directions, the king must kneel and play against the Ming envoys. That is to say, His Majesty repeatedly told the Ming Dynasty They must not be arrogant, both internally and externally. Only then did Chen Xuexue and Gao Qiyu restrain themselves a little.
When Pedro heard this, he wanted to refute it, but he still solemnly said: "I will carefully note down what the Foreign Minister said."
"On the way to Ming Dynasty, I heard that Ming Dynasty's Some merchant ships have appeared in Guayaquil. My king has not Give these merchant ships permission, they should not trade in these places. "
Guayaquil is the Pengju Port in Daming's mouth. Obviously Pedro knew that Daming had opened up this route, and Daming merchant ships arrived in Pengju. There is no way to hide the matter of Hong Kong from Pedro.
After all, as long as Pedro arrives at Pengju Port, he can see the goods of the Ming Dynasty, the merchants of the Ming Dynasty, and even the overseas currency issued by the Ming Dynasty.
Hiding the fact that the Ming caravan opened the route is like an elephant trying to hide behind a small tree. There is no way to hide it.
"Our caravan did not use artillery to blow open the water gate, but entered the port extremely smoothly and completed the transaction. I don't know what the envoy was accusing. If the port of Guayaquil does not allow it, our fleet cannot Just enter." Chen Xuexue pushed the question back.
Blame the Ming caravan? The Ming Dynasty did not use cannons to open the water gate. It was a law-abiding transaction. Pedro really needs to be blamed. The Ming Dynasty fleet is really not allowed to go. Shouldn't the Governor of Guayaquil be restrained?
What's the use of crying with Ming Dynasty? Go and kill the governor of Guayaquil.
"This is illegal! I will naturally ask the king to reprimand and strictly prohibit unlicensed trade!" Pedro said loudly.
Chen Xuexue said matter-of-factly: "Okay, if the Port of Guayaquil refuses to trade, then just bring the ship back."
"But the Spanish mainland ignores the needs of the Governor's Palace and interferes violently and arbitrarily with the Governor's Palace's free transactions. In the short term, the Governor's Palace will still abide by it, but over time, I'm afraid the decree will be in vain."
“According to the view of our Ming Dynasty liberals: all parts of the world should be committed to production for themselves, Low-cost and high-efficiency goods are exchanged for goods that cannot be produced at low cost. This is mutually beneficial and the most rational choice. ”
Chen Xue Xue raised the banner of free trade. In the past, Felipe II arbitrarily interfered with the trade of the Governor's Palace. I am afraid that the gains outweighed the losses, trade could not be banned, and it would be easy to alienate.
“This is a fallacy!” Pedro took a deep breath and firmly opposed the free trade theory.
Even if this theory is so perfect and has almost no flaws, he still has to object, because Ming Dynasty has an absolute commodity advantage, and Spain has no commodity advantage. To believe this is to believe in nonsense.
The Ming Dynasty had a very complete free trade theory, which was based on the division of labor. Division of labor can improve workers' proficiency in their own division of labor, that is, practice makes perfect and improve work efficiency; division of labor can help workers invent, create, and improve production tools, that is, Cleverness breeds essence; and international trade will naturally give rise to regional division of labor.
It seems that as long as this theorem of geographical division of labor is followed, labor efficiency can be improved.
Reducing obstacles to trade, lowering tariffs, reducing bans on goods, and increasing the speed of goods turnover are beneficial to all participating trading countries.
On the surface, this theory has no logical trap, but the problem arises. The Ming Dynasty can produce everything by itself. Except for silver and raw materials, there is almost no demand. It really opens the door to free trade. It will completely destroy your fragile handicraft workshop.
The Ming Dynasty has absolute production advantages and cost advantages. Their Spanish brains are sick, so they believe in this set of free trade theories.
"We are going to raise tariffs! We are going to impose a 60% tariff on goods coming from the Ming Dynasty!" Pedro stood up and said: "If we don't impose additional tariffs, the few remaining handicraft workshops in Spain will also fall to the Ming Dynasty. The goods are under attack, so we have to ban the Ming Dynasty’s cotton from entering Spain.”
Pedro is a noble of the Mesta Association, which is an association of shepherds. The Ming Dynasty’s cotton has obviously impacted Metz. Benefit of the Tower Association.
Gao Qiyu said very seriously: "You want to impose additional tariffs. These tariffs will only be allocated to the civilians in Spain, not the merchants of the Ming Dynasty. Cheap cotton cannot be widely used, and the clothes are not suitable for the body." are Spanish civilians."
"What you said is like stabbing yourself hard twice, making it bloody, but in Ming's eyes, it is really strange, isn't it?"
Free Trade The theory, in Ming's view, is that Qin Shihuang looked in the mirror and achieved a win-win situation.
Gao Qiyu just pretended to be confused because he understood. The Ming Dynasty banned the raw silk trade in the early years of Wanli. To this day, the ban on raw silk has not been lifted.
(End of this chapter)