Chapter 478 Tai Chi Yin and Yang! Weak force appears! Four forces in the same sky, the pinnacle of physics! In the vast universe, my Lord rises and falls!
When Ridgway proposed the concept of a fourth force and the subdivision of protons and neutrons, everyone was shocked.
Because it's so shocking.
Even beyond this era.
Humanity's understanding of the nature of the world has been further refreshed.
Roentgen had remained silent from the beginning to the present.
He just listened quietly, always with a smile on his face.
The scene in front of him made him have endless reveries and emotions.
When he was young, it was an era when electromagnetism and thermodynamics dominated physics.
Maxwell was like a great sun, standing high above the world, suppressing all the geniuses of his generation.
The other party not only proposed Maxwell's equations and ended electromagnetism, but was also one of the founders of thermodynamics.
Such a terrifying existence makes all physicists despair.
But even so, Roentgen and others still did not give up the challenge.
Because the physics of that era was full of opportunities and unexplored virgin lands everywhere.
Design a few circuits and do some weighing experiments, and you can even discover incredible achievements.
Everyone has a chance to soar.
Sometimes, luck is more important than strength.
Roentgen's teacher was also a famous physicist and professor of that era.
The other party's research content is the phenomenon of sound propagation in solids and liquids.
If this were done now, I'm afraid it would be difficult to achieve elegance.
Roentgen was deeply moved after listening to Li Qiwei's speech and answers.
The third force, the fourth force, the fine structure of protons and neutrons.
These things can no longer be discovered simply by luck.
When Faraday accidentally saw that a closed circuit could produce current in a magnetic field, he proposed the famous phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
But now, even if you are blind, you cannot see that the fourth quantum number is the electron spin.
Luck doesn't play such a big role anymore.
Although the flash of inspiration still exists, after the flash, rigorous and complex theoretical calculations are the core.
Physics has entered a whole new phase.
The muddle-headed, simple calculation and operation methods of the past no longer work.
Today's physics requires super imagination, logical analysis ability, and experimental ability.
To understand it from an image point of view, physics has evolved from perceptual to rational.
Even after the 1960s, physics went from being rational to being inhumane.
Because many concepts have completely escaped human perception and imagination.
Such as dimensions, singularities, and Planck scale
Untouchable, unimaginable, simply scientific Cthulhu.
Physics and mathematics gradually became one.
Almost all becomes abstract mathematical calculations.
A good mathematician may not be a physicist, but a great physicist is definitely a great mathematician.
And one of the biggest advantages of mathematics over physics is:
Mathematics holds true in any universe, but physics doesn't necessarily.
The former transcends the universe, while the latter is the internal rules of the universe.
But humans only need to figure out their own universe.
Roentgen smiled and said to Planck next to him:
"Fortunately, I was born early, otherwise I would have to wait outside the hotel for the meeting to end."
"There is no qualification to participate in this kind of meeting."
Planck smiled knowingly and said:
"No, Brother Roentgen, I believe you can still create new brilliance."
Although he was so comforting, what was heartbreaking was that what Röntgen said might be the truth.
Even he himself feels a little behind the times.
Physics is developing so fast!
If Newton were placed in later generations, it is estimated that he would not be able to come up with a theory of everything.
At the beginning, Planck was still cautious about proposing the quantum concept, thinking that it would subvert the world.
But compared with these current concepts, quantum has become conservative.
He looked at Li Qiwei with relief, his eyes full of approval.
I recall that back then, the other party was just a young boy.
Relying on his bet with Lord Kelvin, he attracted the attention of the physics community.
Just when everyone thought Bruce was just a joke, a miracle happened.
As earth-shaking results are published one after another, people have to admit a fact:
Bruce Lee invented modern physics.
And now, he is climbing to the top.
Planck sighed in his heart:
"Bruce, you have become a qualified leader of physics."
"I even see hope in you that can surpass Newton and Maxwell."
"On the shoulders of those great sages, you are getting closer to the truth."
For these older physicists, the concepts of the third force and the fourth force are so amazing that they can divide eras.
Maybe it's just a concept now, but its proposer is Bruce.
The man recognized as the most intuitive in the world!
Just based on this name, countless people will flock to this field.
A new research boom is about to begin.
Of course, no one can make a breakthrough until quantum mechanics is completed.
Einstein, Rutherford and other Li Qiwei's contemporaries were very excited at this moment.
Einstein seemed to see a broader future for unified field theory.
He confidently said to Ehrenfest:
"I'm a firm believer in Bruce's instincts."
"My unified field theory will include all four fundamental forces."
"This is true unity!"
Ehrenfest was stunned for a moment.
Good guys, come and have a meeting, the unified field theory will be doubled.
He smiled and joked:
"Einstein, your theory should be renamed unified two field theory."
Einstein didn't react at first.
But soon, he started laughing.
Rutherford was shocked by the fine structure of protons and neutrons.
For experimental physicists like him, exploring the ultimate origin of matter is a fatal attraction.
It was only after his mentor Thomson discovered the atom that mankind truly understood the nature of matter.
Matter is composed of atoms;
Atoms are composed of nuclei and electrons;
The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons;
Protons and neutrons may also have finer structures.
Physicists are constantly pushing the limits.
And these achievements all came from the Cavendish school.
"Father of the Atom" Thomson;
"Father of the Atomic Nucleus" Bruce;
"Father of Proton" Rutherford;
Good guy, atomic science was directly divided up and rounded up, and other people couldn't drink the soup.
Rutherford saw the delighted look on Professor Thomson's face.
The other party's heart must be in turmoil.
I even want to borrow another five hundred years from heaven.
As a physics guru, Rutherford was not a blind person.
Suppose that before, a young man publicly said that protons still have a structure.
Then he will definitely sneer and ignore it.
Why was he so excited when Professor Bruce proposed it.
Because proposing a brand new concept requires a solid foundation rather than talking nonsense.
Ridgway first found a stability bug in the proton-neutron model.
Then the concept of force is logically put forward.
Then, when the strong force conflicted with beta decay, he naturally introduced a fourth force based on the strong force. In order to prevent the two forces from conflicting, we must start with a more refined structure.
Rutherford saw Ridgway using the schematic diagram as a model.
A round ball contains three small balls.
Then through various permutations and combinations, the strong and weak forces can remain stable.
Step by step, linked together.
All these speculations are reasonable and bold logical deductions based on sufficient phenomena.
If the proton-neutron model had not yet come out, Ridgway would have proposed the current conjecture.
Then there will definitely not be many people who believe it.
Because that's real bullshit.
Just like Li Qiwei now speculates that electrons also have a finer structure.
Check out the 16-9 book bar and see the correct version!
This is hard to convince.
Because why do electrons need more microscopic components? What problem do you need to explain?
It's totally unnecessary!
Do not add entities unless necessary.
Therefore, for many big guys present, it is easy for them to accept these shocking theoretical conjectures.
As for geniuses like Pauli, they were even more excited.
The scientific education they received since childhood was to listen to Professor Bruce's stories.
Quantum theory and relativity may be difficult for the older generation to understand, but it is much easier for them.
No matter how unreasonable or shocking the theory is, they can accept it.
Because the threshold has been greatly increased.
For geniuses like Pauli, Heisenberg, and Dirac, when they learned about quantum theory and relativity, they actually felt bitter in their hearts.
They will feel that they were born at the wrong time.
"I wish I could be in the same era as Professor Bruce."
"Just because I pick up someone (Hai, Di) doesn't necessarily make me weak."
Although a person's development cannot be separated from personal efforts, the historical process must also be considered.
It's just like, in the past, college students who graduated were considered favored by heaven, but now, college students who graduate are inferior to dogs.
Aren’t future generations of physicists smart?
But many theories and phenomena have been discovered in advance, so they will never have a chance.
This is how Pauli and others felt at first.
And now, Professor Bruce has given them new hope.
Whether it's the other two forces or the fine structure of protons and neutrons.
All of them are declaring that the existing quantum theory and relativity theory are far from the whole world.
They still have a broader future to explore!
They don't have to live in the light of Professor Bruce forever!
"I admire Professor Bruce, but I want to surpass Professor Bruce even more!"
These young people are more willing than the older and middle-aged physicists to firmly believe in the correctness of their conjectures.
Because that's their future.
Chadwick is still shocked and thirsty.
Faced with Professor Bruce's answer, he had no way to refute it again.
If he insists on refuting, he can only completely deny the existence of the fourth force and fine structure.
Of course this is possible.
Because Professor Bruce is not absolutely right.
But that would turn into a war of words, which would be meaningless.
Neither side can prove themselves, nor can they point out the other's mistakes.
Chadwick knew very well how important a new theoretical conjecture was to physics.
Refuting for the sake of refuting is extremely stupid.
Moreover, ambition also rose in his heart.
"If I could discover the fine structure of the proton, then"
Chadwick smiled like Brother Pig.
But soon, he calmed down and asked a question that everyone ignored:
"Professor Bruce, if the fourth force you predicted really exists, what force would you name it?"
When everyone heard this, their eyes lit up.
Yes, how could they forget such an important thing.
The young geniuses immediately started discussing it.
Li Qiwei was also stunned, then smiled softly and said:
“At the annual meeting of the Royal Society, I proposed Chinese Tai Chi thought.”
"The yin and yang of Pisces are mutually reinforcing each other. They flourish and then decline and then return from decline to prosperity."
"It's like being extremely strong and then becoming weak, and being extremely weak becomes stronger again!"
"Now that we have strong force, why not call the fourth force weak force."
"And we can see from a little analysis that the intensity of the fourth force must be much lower than the strong force."
"Otherwise, the question raised by Chadwick will arise, and electrons cannot escape."
"So the intensity of the fourth force will certainly not be very great."
"I think it's more appropriate to call it weak force."
"Of course, the real discoverer of weak force can change it in the future."
Wow!
Weakli's name made everyone present couldn't help but cheer.
Because it's so appropriate.
Both the weak force and the strong force exist in the nucleus and are microscopic forces.
Moreover, the strong force governs the aggregation and fixation between particles, so it needs to be strong.
The weak force governs the decomposition and dispersion of particles, so it needs to be weak.
Everyone was shocked to find that this fit perfectly with Chinese Tai Chi thought.
There is a philosophical atmosphere in the air.
"No wonder people like Professor Bruce can appear in China."
"Although they missed the scientific revolution, the sages there seemed to have embarked on another path of observing the universe."
"The secrets of physics coincide with their thoughts."
"This is so unbelievable."
"Perhaps it's time for me to take time to understand Chinese philosophy."
The weak name instantly conquered everyone present.
Among the crowd, Femi suddenly felt a little cramped in his heart.
It was as if he had lost something most precious.
He kept muttering in his mouth:
"Weak force~"
"Strange, why do I feel that this name has some connection with me."
Li Qiwei looked at Fermi and said guiltily:
"Next year I will go to Rome for a meeting and treat you to pasta."
"If you young people suffer any more hardships, I will take the blame."
Gravity, electromagnetism, strong force, weak force.
At this moment, the basic forces in the universe changed from two to four.
Gravity governs the order of celestial bodies;
Electromagnetic force transforms wind, rain, thunder and lightning;
Power makes stars shine endlessly;
The weak force is the melody of elemental decay.
The four forces are intertwined, like the cornerstone of the world, forming our colorful material universe.
They are the Tao, the ultimate, and the only one.
The road to reunification begins now.
Who can unify the four fundamental forces and create a theory of everything?
Who is the well-deserved and undisputed god of physics!
At this moment, Li Qiwei was full of pride and domineering!
"In the vast universe, my Lord rises and falls!"
(End of chapter)