Chapter 497 Star Evolution! Reappearance of quantum theory! Red superstar! white dwarf! Shock the audience!
The general theory of relativity published in 1912 has five major predictions.
They are: light bent, gravitational red, black holes, gravitational waves, and universe swell.
These five predictions are all content in the field of astronomy.
Therefore, the astronomy big brothers will respect Professor Bruce so.
He is not an astronomer, but surpasses astronomers.
The five major predictions means that the five major directions have greatly expanded the scope and depth of astronomy.
In 1914, Edinton proved that the starlight was bent.
Just now, in 1922, Hubble proved the expansion of the universe.
The two major prophecies have been proven that almost 100%can affirm the correctness of general relativity.
Now, Li Qiwei has proposed another prediction again.
It is conceivable what kind of sensation this will cause.
The venue was boiling instantly.
Everyone was shocked.
"Oh my god! Today's meeting should be able to carry the history book!"
"I have a hunch, I am afraid that this year I will get the Nobel Prize."
"If it doesn't, it is difficult to accommodate!"
"Strangely, why did Professor Bruce say he proved half of the prophecy?"
For a while, everyone's curiosity was mobilized to the extreme.
That is not an ordinary scientific proposition, but a supreme theory for extensive.
Each one has a profound impact on the development of astronomy.
Since the bending of Starlight is proven, scientists have explained a lot of astronomical phenomena based on it.
The most famous of these is the "gravity lens effect".
After a large -quality celestial body, light will occur.
This effect is similar to the effects of common convex lens on light.
Therefore, astronomers suddenly thought about the large -quality celestial bodies as lenses, and used it to observe other celestial bodies.
This is the so -called gravity lens effect.
Assuming that there is a celestial body in the distant universe, the light it emits can be shot directly to the earth.
But the middle happened to be blocked by a huge star.
Theoretically, we cannot observe the celestial bodies behind the stars, because the light is blocked.
However, due to the existence of the gravitational lens effect, the light on the surface of the star is bent, as if the convex lens focuses.
At this time, the detectors on the earth can capture these lights that are focused and changing directions.
Of course, what we see is only a virtual shadow.
But through theoretical calculations, the real situation of the distant celestial body can be calculated.
In the same way, it can also be used to use the gravitational lens effect to study the nature of the large -quality celestial body of the lens.
For example, you can even use it to find dark matter!
If the image of a celestial body is observed, the nature is different through different angles.
Then it can be suspected that the light of the celestial body in a specific direction may be bent by large quality celestial bodies.
If this large -quality celestial body cannot be found through optical means, it can be speculated that it may be dark matter.
In real history, the gravity lens effect has become an important measurement method in astronomy after decades of development.
As for the significance of the universe, let alone say more.
Therefore, the astronomy big brothers attach great importance to the five major prophecies.
Hubble's face showed a open smile.
Now he has no pressure, sitting below and listening, as if he returned to the days when he followed Professor Bruce.
It was an unforgettable time.
He learned all kinds of knowledge hungry.
Although he has achieved huge achievements, Hubble is not satisfied.
Because his achievements are all experimental, it is to observe a large amount of data, analyze and research.
But Hubble understood that the content that Professor Bruce wanted next was definitely pure theoretical nature.
This is the ability he lacks currently.
In this era, there is no distinction between theoretical astronomers and experimental astronomers.
Because it is not necessary.
How could there be an astronomer that did not need to do experiments?
For them, observing Xingkong through a telescope is to do experiments.
But the appearance of Professor Bruce broke this iron law!
It turns out that there are really people who can derive the energy source of the stars based on the theory.
This makes all astronomers feel incredible.
Now, Hubble is looking forward to everyone.
"What kind of shocking astronomical theory will Professor Bruce bring?"
Especially Edington is full of expectations.
Because Professor Bruce had said before, his results will explain the quality of the stars.
The other party now says that it is related to the prediction of the evidence.
I never thought of which one of the remaining three prophecies.
With the expectations of everyone, Li Qiwei finally started his speech.
"My speech is about the evolution of star."
"Although the nuclear fusion explains the source of the source of the stars to start energy, it cannot explain how the star will develop."
"The energy of nuclear fusion will be exhausted sooner or later. What will the stars look like at that time?"
"In other words, what is the fate of the stars?"
Well!
As soon as the words fell, the venue was instantly restless.
Everyone did not expect that Professor Bruce's speech theme was the evolutionary problem of star.
When the nuclear fusion came out, the world was shocked!
Star research has become a popular direction in the field of astronomy.
But the most difficult source of energy has been solved. Is there any leftover problem with stars?
Soon, everyone thought of a problem.
"How can the star problem connect with the other three predictions?"
"Gravity red shift and gravitational waves should be the phenomenon of all large quality celestial bodies."
"Not to mention the black hole, it is a strange celestial body, which is completely different from the star."
"I can't find a relationship if I look at it."
Many people are a bit aggressive.
They couldn't guess Professor Bros.
At this moment, everyone was waiting quietly.
Li Qiwei continued:
"I believe that many people have begun to wander."
"Am I not going to prove the extensive prophecy?"
"The content of how to speak is the evolution of the star."
"These two seem to have nothing to do."
"Don't worry, listen to me slowly."
At this moment, everyone calmed down and listened converge.
"We know that after the stars start the nuclear fusion, the interior has continuously gathered hydrogen to become 氦 elements."
"The huge energy generated by this fusion offsets the collapse effect of the stars' own gravity."
"However, no matter how large the star is, the material it contains is limited."
"Once all the hydrogen elements are exhausted and the nuclear aggregation stops, what will happen?"
Everyone began to think.
"Burning counts with countless hydrogen elements, at this moment its volume has expanded to the limit."
"It has become a huge celestial body."
"But at this time its core temperature can no longer continue to rise."
"Even in the process, there is a fusion." "氦 constantly gathering into carbon elements, oxygen, etc."
"Because these elements do not continue to fusion without sufficient energy, they can only accumulate at the core."
"At this time, the core and outer layer of the stars will produce two completely different endings."
"The outer layer is a thin star dust that expands to the limit, which slowly spread out, forming a huge cloud -like cloud."
"It looks like the colorful nebula."
"But at the core, because of the accumulation of a large amount of carbon oxygen and other elements, its density is getting higher and higher, which has caused great pressure."
"This pressure can even crush the atoms."
"But soon, it will encounter an extremely powerful barrier."
"That's the resistance of the electron itself."
"We know that atoms are composed of atomic nucleus and electronics."
There is no mistake, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one 619, one book, one, one, one, one, one, one, a book!
"Electronics around the nuclear movement, it must occupy a certain volume."
"According to the principle of incompatibility of Paoli Bruce, even if the electron is external force, it still needs to follow the incompatible rules."
"In other words, electrons will not be pressed together so easily."
"I named the electrons' resistance to external pressure, named [Electronics Defeated Pressure]."
"As shown in the figure."
"After my calculation, the pressure of electronics is enough to resist the huge gravity pressure generated by the core of the star."
"When the electrons are equal to the pressure and gravity pressure, the stars at this time reach a state of balance."
"All stars' peripheral substances are thrown into the universe space, leaving only the core of this density."
"According to calculations, its density can reach the degree of horror of 10 tons per cubic centimeter."
"The core temperature will continue to decrease, and eventually fades."
"A great star, in the end, there is such a core."
Speaking of which, Li Qiwei paused.
There is an uproar in the venue at this moment!
"Oh! In the process of the evolution of the star, quantum theory is still used!"
"This is really incredible!"
Everyone was shocked by Li Qiwei's theoretical analysis process.
The previous nuclear fusion was used to use atomic knowledge.
But now, the evolution of stars has even begun to involve quantum theory.
The astronomers present were directly aggressive.
Of course, everyone knew the principle of Paoli Bruce.
It was proposed by the peerless genius Paoli that it was the last puzzle of quantum theory.
But everyone can't think of it anyway, this theory can be used on a star evolution.
This is so amazing.
Edin's eyes were shining, and he looked at the content of the demonstration screen, like a rare treasure.
This can predict the fate of the star through theory and make him dazzling.
It turns out that astronomy can be so aggressive.
Instead of waiting for the telescope every day.
Hubble was short of breathing.
His heart shock was endless.
"Is this the strength of Professor Bruce? It's terrible!"
"I'm afraid only he can create the theory of evolution of stars."
"Because the big guys present, I am afraid that not many people understand quantum theory."
Li Qiwei applied quantum theory in the field of astronomy, which really shocked everyone present.
The original nuclear fusion seemed to appear in front of it again.
Then, Li Qiwei continued:
"Stars are burning at the time when the hydrogen element is burned, and the volume expands to the limit of the limit, because the surface temperature is low, according to calculations, it will show red."
"So, I named the stars of this state to [Red superstar]."
"After the red superstar throws the peripheral material, the core left, because the density is extremely high, it will be white."
"So, I named this core [white dwarf]."
After hearing these two names, everyone was not surprised.
Both are very vivid.
The stars are swollen into a large and red celestial bodies because of nuclear agglomeration, of course, red superstars.
The core of the last reserved is a small dwarf compared with the star itself, so the white dwarf is also regarded as the name.
At this time, Li Qiwei concluded:
"The evolution of the star has gone through four stages."
"I compare it to a person's growth process."
"First of all is the birth period."
"Various dust and molecular atoms in the universe attract each other under the action of gravity to form a primitive nebula."
"As the gravity is getting bigger, the fire of nuclear fusion is finally ignited."
"So, the stars have entered an adult."
"It's the stage where the sun is now."
"Nuclear gathering becomes a star with a steady stream of energy, so that our universe is no longer cold and full of light heat."
"At the same time, there are smart species such as human beings."
"However, just as people can grow old, the fuel of the stars is also burned."
"At this moment, I entered the middle age of the star, the red superstar stage."
"The stars are constantly swelling and devouring everything around the surroundings."
"Until the end, the core wreckage left into a white dwarf, lonely in the universe, and the light and heat continued to extinguish."
"This is the decline of the star, with death as the end."
With Li Qiwei's narrative, a tragic atmosphere permeated.
The fate of the star seems to be a touch of scrolls, slowly showing in front of everyone.
For a while, everyone was moved.
It's so beautiful!
I don't know how long, everyone finally got out of sadness.
Immediately, he took a breath.
Professor Bruce actually described the evolutionary cycle of stars with theory.
This is so shocking.
Although Hubble's results are equally shocking, compared with Professor Bruce, the style is very different.
The former was to sleep and eat, and waiting for the telescope to observe and analyze countless astronomical data without day and night.
In the end, the conjecture was proved.
The latter only outlines the stars' life through only one piece of paper and a pen.
Whether it is aesthetic or shocking, the latter far surpasses the former.
"This is the powerful strength of Professor Bruce!"
At this moment, everyone finally understood how terrible the top physicists were.
When they study astronomy, they are simply a reduction of dimension.
No!
"The terrible thing is not a physicist, the terrible thing is Professor Bruce himself."
But soon, everyone discovered a problem.
"The evolution cycle of the star is clear."
"But it has nothing to do with the three predictions of Guangxiang."
In the eyes of everyone's puzzle and doubt, Li Qiwei smiled slightly and said:
"The above is just the first ending of the stars."
boom!
The audience was shocked!
(End of this chapter)