Chapter 498 The Second Destiny of Stars! White dwarf quality limit! Naruto! The audience is sensational!
Li Qiwei's theory of star evolutionary evolution deeply shocked everyone present.
Using the theory of atomic and quantum theory can solve the unsolved mystery of astronomy.
This is another wonderful guidance of physics for astronomy.
It is like the original quantum theory perfectly explains the element cycle table.
Many astronomy big guys sighed silently in their hearts:
"I am afraid that in the future, I am afraid that I will be used for physics in half."
"The kind of thought that studies astronomy alone by observations is outdated."
Edin, Hubble, Yu Qingsong and others looked at Li Qiwei with an extremely admirable gaze.
Their hearts were so shocking.
At first, Newton used a pen to unify the heavens and the earth.
The sky is the sun, which is the star.
Now, Professor Bruce uses another pen to depict the nature of heaven.
The charm of physics conquered everyone again.
At this moment, when Li Qiwei said that there was a second destiny, the venue boiled.
The concept of red superstar and white dwarf has made people shock.
There are even many astronomy old, and the white dwarfs are linked to some celestial bodies found before.
"Looks like we have found white dwarfs."
In the real history, as early as 1844, when German astronomers, when Sirius, German astronomers discovered that it had a very dull companion.
Later, it proved that the companion star was actually a white dwarf.
This discovery of unknown celestial bodies and phenomena is normal in the field of astronomy.
Whether it is East and West, there are many records of astronomical phenomena in ancient times.
It is not until later generations that the various theories of astronomy can make a reasonable explanation of these phenomena.
Therefore, Li Qiwei was the first person to propose "white dwarf", but it was not the first to discover the star body.
He is only responsible for giving the theory. Of course, the dirty work is thrown to astronomers to do it.
The theoretical physicist is to have such a force!
And now everyone wants to know what the stars have the ending ending.
In the expectations of everyone, Li Qiwei continued:
"Just said, the stars will be exhausted in the hydrogen element, and after the nuclear aggregation stops, it will go to perish."
"It throws a large amount of substances in the outer layer, only the core of the white dwarf."
"The reason why the white dwarf can exist stably is because its own gravity and electronic simplification pressure are balanced."
"So, now the question is, what if the balance is broken?"
Well!
Everyone was shocked again!
They don't understand what Professor Bruce means.
Balance is broken, which means that the white dwarf stars will collapse directly and become a cloud of dust.
Is there any other ending?
Many people are puzzled.
However, Eddon flashed.
He suddenly stunned everything.
"Yes, it must be quality!"
"In Professor Bruce's theory of star evolution, what has always played a key role is the gravity size of the star."
"And the gravity of the star depends only on its quality."
"At the same time, this will be uncommon with the large -quality stars I have made."
"Oh my god!"
"I seem to understand Professor Bruce's way of thinking!"
At this moment, no word can describe the shock in Edinon's heart.
It was as if he was picking up the shell by the sea and found that there was a person in front of him. Looking up, it turned out to be Newton.
And the two are holding the same color shell.
Walk with God!
Under the surprise of everyone, Li Qiwei revealed the mystery:
"Based on my theoretical calculation, there is a quality limit for white dwarfs."
"When its quality exceeds 1.44 times the quality of the sun."
"The powerful gravity will exceed the pressure of electronics, which crushes the atoms."
"At this time, the white dwarf will become a brand new celestial body!"
Well!
The audience was shocked!
What kind of terrible celestial bodies are that, even the atoms that make it up are crushed.
Does the universe really exist?
Everyone couldn't even imagine that even the atoms were crushed.
Someone dare not believe it, exclaimed:
"Professor Bruce, if you don't even exist at the atom, what composition of the celestial body?"
Everyone nodded, and everyone wanted to ask.
Astronomers have proven that the elements on the earth are the same as the elements in the universe.
Therefore, the earth is composed of atoms, so other celestial bodies must be composed of atoms.
Li Qiwei smiled slightly and continued:
"According to proton-neutron model, when a neutron decays occurs, it will become an electron and a proton."
"Similarly, in some cases, this process will be reversed. The combination of electronics and protons will form a neutron."
"So, when the white dwarf exceeds the quality limit and the atom is crushed, the electrons no longer follow the principle of compatibility."
"All electrons are pressed into the nucleus of the atomic core, and a neutron is formed with the proton."
"In other words, the celestial body at this time is a strange celestial body composed of neutron!"
"I call it [neutron star]."
"According to calculations, the density of neutron stars will far exceed the white dwarf, reaching the degree of hundreds of millions of tons per cubic centimeter."
"But its diameter is only tens of kilometers, which is only equivalent to a city on the earth."
boom!
As soon as the neutron star came out, the audience was quiet!
All astronomers present were stunned.
Because this terrible celestial body has surpassed the current cognitive limit of astronomical literature.
In their knowledge, everything in the world is composed of atoms.
Even stars in the universe are no exception.
Regardless of whether it is large or small, bright or dark, it will definitely not change.
But now, Professor Bruce crushes it all.
A celestial body composed of neutron?
What kind of existence?
A fierce discussion broke out in the venue.
"Oh my god! Naruto's name is too domineering!"
"So high density, dig a spoon with a spoon, isn't it equivalent to the weight of the entire Alps?"
"It's so scary!"
"How can this composition structure exist?"
"We have never found a substance that simply consisting of neutron."
"No, you said something wrong, even the existence of the neutron has not been confirmed now!"
"This is another theory of Professor Bruce's peak of thinking."
"He pushed the star evolution to an unimaginable point."
Big brothers such as Hayel, Dyson murmured to himself:
"This is too exaggerated."
"Does it really exist?"
The neutron theory made a traditional astronomy like them deeply shocked.
It seemed to destroy their scientific three views and brought the big brothers into the new celestial material world.
At this moment, everyone didn't even know what mentality to face the speech.
Although they are very clear, Professor Bruce's star evolution model is just a pure theory. But this theory contains the most cutting -edge physics such as atomics and quantum theory.
In this world, except Professor Bruce himself, no one can combine astronomy and physics so deeply.
Therefore, all the big brothers at the scene regarded the theory of star evolution as a treasure.
Even if it is wrong, it is full of inestimable value.
What's more, is Professor Bruce wrong?
While everyone was shocked, Li Qiwei's speech was not over yet.
"Now, we can look back at the problems that Edinton just raised."
"He said that according to his observations and statistics, there are rarely seen large -quality stars in the universe."
"This is because the large -quality star itself is unstable."
"They can easily become white dwarfs or neutron stars."
"When the white dwarf reaches the quality limit of 1.44 times the quality of the solar, the quality of its stars born is 8 times the quality of the sun."
"In other words, all stars with more than 8 times the sun in the universe have a high chance to become neutron stars."
There is no mistake, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one 619, one book, one, one, one, one, one, one, a book!
"So, it is difficult for us to find these stars."
"Only low -quality stars are stable."
At this moment, not even many people care about Endatt.
Even Edington himself didn't care anymore.
He was shocked by the model of a neutron star.
After the stars' later years, they could become such a terrible celestial body, which surpassed his imagination.
Edin also studied the direction of the star, but compared with Professor Bruce, he felt that he had studied it on the dog's belly.
"This is the astronomy I pursue!"
but!
Suddenly Edan's heart.
"Although Professor Bruce explained my problem, he still did not discuss the most critical question."
"He has to prove which extensive prediction?"
Immediately after, he shook his head gently.
At this time, even if Professor Bruce's next content and extensive prediction were unrelated, everyone felt acceptable.
Because only the current results are enough to shock them.
However, Li Qiwei will not be satisfied with this.
Under the shock of everyone, he went on to say:
"Just now I saw Professor Harwa, Professor Dyson, etc., as if shaking my head."
"I'm afraid they don't like our young people's theories."
Li Qiwei's humorous words made everyone smile and gradually calmed down.
"However, my neutron star theory is not just a conjecture."
"It also has its own evolution process."
"Everyone, please look at the screen."
"For stars with more than 8 times the quality of the sun, their gravity is very large."
"When the hydrogen cymbal elements in the core area are gathered, at this time the nuclear fusion still does not stop."
"Strong pressure and temperature, let the carbon, oxygen, silicon, sulfur and other elements start fusion until the iron is generated."
"At this time, iron will not converge again because it is a very special element."
"When the iron occurs, it is not to release heat, but to absorb heat."
"So, if you want to make iron fusion, you need an extreme condition."
"And different from the evolution of white dwarfs."
"At this time, the stars will expand much more than red superstars."
"Therefore, I call this state as [Red Super Star]."
"The biggest difference between Red Super superstar and red superstar is that the outer area of the former core area of the former is still undergoing nuclear fusion."
"Although there is no hydrogen element in the core area of the Red Super Star, there is still a large amount of hydrogen in the outer layer."
"Under its huge pressure, these hydrogen can still undergo nuclear fusion, and it is constantly attracted to the core area."
"So, at this moment, the core area of the red superstar is like a onion."
"Each layer of its layers is in nuclear fusion."
"From the outer layer to the core area, the order of the polytable element is getting larger and larger: hydrogen, cricket, carbon, oxygen, silicon iron."
Well!
Everyone is amazed!
The evolution of neutron stars is completely different from the white dwarf.
The image is even greater.
From the red superstar to the red super superstar, the quality of the star determines its destiny!
In this way, Edinton's theory just became essential.
Because it can more conveniently and accurately calculate the quality of the stars.
Everyone did not expect that Professor Bruce's theory made Edinton followed.
But at this moment, Edinton's face was not excited, but he was full of doubts.
He couldn't help asking:
"Professor Bruce, if the iron cannot be fustered, wouldn't it mean that the core at this time was still atomic, not a neutron state?"
"How can then a neutron star?"
Everyone was shocked!
Edin's analysis makes sense.
At this step, Professor Bruce's neutron evolution theory seems to be contradictory.
Because the iron fusion has been terminated, how can it become a neutron star?
Li Qiwei smiled slightly and said:
"Very good."
"It seems that Edinon likes my theory and has always been able to keep up with my thoughts."
"But I think Hubble's face was blank. I guess I didn't understand it."
"This is the consequence of using telescope every day. There is no time to think about meditation."
Everyone smiled again.
Hubble scratched his head awkwardly, and he was really strenuous.
However, he is already good.
Most people are worse than him.
Li Qiwei's theoretical model is full of various calculations and conjectures, making these astronomers feel big.
Their mathematics level is a lot worse than physicists.
Therefore, in the face of such pure theories, you can only have a few more hearts.
After the joke, Li Qiwei was right, and he wanted to answer Endton's questions.
"Yes, the Red Super Star at this moment cannot directly form a neutron star."
"It also needs the most critical step."
"That is to crush all the atoms of the core area."
"Since the iron can no longer be fusion in conventional state, the core area will gather more and more iron."
"The quality of the iron is far greater than the various elements of the outer layer."
"The huge amount of iron in the core area will produce a strong gravity, and starts to attract more outer material to fall quickly and fall into the core area."
"The kinetic energy of the outer material becomes the heat energy, and the greater the gravity, the stronger the gravity."
"The temperature and pressure of the core area have reached an unimaginable level, reaching an limit value."
"Finally, under such extreme conditions, even the iron began to start nuclear fusion."
Suddenly, Li Qiwei raised his voice, and his tone was excited, which surprised everyone.
"At this time, the Red Super Star will have an extremely terrible change!"
"It is the most scary phenomenon in the universe!"
boom!
The audience was shocked!
(End of this chapter)