Chapter 535 Ghost Ghost! It's everywhere! "Did God roll dice?" asked the soul! Shocked the audience!
After Lorentz's summary and analysis, the probability wave brought greater shock to the physical masters present.
Erenfest briefly described the speech a few days ago to everyone.
Suddenly, another burst of exclamation arose. "This is a coincidence!"
"Professor Bruce just said that thermos may affect quantum mechanics in the future."
"There was a probability wave."
"Now, Professor Bruce will set off another trend of thermos research."
At this moment, Lorentz has calmed down and restored his host's duties.
"Today's meeting is more enjoyable than a feast. I think everyone's souls have already eaten their fill."
Everyone smiled knowingly.
Professor Lorentz's humor subdues the solemn atmosphere on the scene.
"However, it would be a pity that he could not taste its beauty after eating delicacies."
"Professor Bruce's theory of probability waves is comparable to the shock that space-time bending brought to the physics community in general relativity."
"The essence of the world is probabilistic and random, and this view challenges the beliefs that humans or scientists adhere to."
"I believe that everyone here must have too many questions in their hearts."
"Then now, please ask questions in an orderly manner."
"I believe Professor Bruce will give us a perfect explanation."
Wow!
Everyone was shocked!
Li Qiwei smiled slightly. "What is coming is finally here." At this time, what everyone unexpectedly was that Rutherford was the first to speak.
"Haha, I'm not asking a question, but want to share something."
"Bruce, your probability wave theory reminds me of the concept of half-life that I once proposed."
"In radiology, the time required for half of atoms in a radioactive element to decay is defined as the half-life of the element."
"For example, the half-life of the element is 30 years."
"This means that no matter how much strontium you take, half of the strontium atoms will decay into other elements after 30 years."
"And, I have done more precise experiments."
"Even if there is only one radioactive atom, this atom will definitely decay."
"
"But its decay process no longer follows the law of half-life."
"That is, we cannot predict when this atom will decay."
"Only statistical explanations can be made for the decay behavior of a large number of atoms."
"At that time, I thought this was because the theory was not perfect enough, so it was impossible to predict and calculate the decay behavior of a single atom."
"However, now it seems that perhaps the essence of atom decay is probabilistic."
"
"It is like probability waves, and it is a manifestation of the probability behavior of microscopic particles."
"Of course, finally, I personally have a neutral attitude towards probability wave theory."
"As an experimental physicist, I am more concerned about how many experiments can be proved in the end."
"At least, de Broglie's theory of matter waves needs to be proved first."
"Because it is the basis of wave dynamics and probability waves."
Wow!
Rutherford's speech shocked everyone.
As a tycoon of experimental physics, his attitude represents the attitude of almost all experimental schools.
That is to keep "waiting and watching".
"You theoretical physicists come up with some fantastic theories all day long."
"We don't know if it's right, and we dare not evaluate it, we don't have that ability."
"Our experimental school only values the experimental results."
"If you say electrons have wave-particle duality, then prove it to me."
"If you say probability waves exist, then prove it to me."
However, everyone still keenly felt that Professor Rutherford should be biased towards Professor Bruce.
Otherwise he wouldn't raise the question of half-life.
Isn't the randomness of the decay process of a single atom exactly in line with the probability wave theory?
This is a disguised proof!
The decay behavior of atoms is actually associated with probability waves.
This is a bit scary!
Although the correlation of this evidence is a bit weak, it is also amazing enough.
Sure enough, after Rutherford finished speaking, he looked at the stage as if nothing had happened.
Li Qiwei understood it and smiled slightly.
He said: "According to the current atomic theory, the essence of decay is that the atomic nucleus changes and becomes other elements."
"For example, a nucleus emits a proton and decays into elements with a smaller atomic number."
"The nucleus, the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus, are all microscopic particles, so they naturally have a probabilistic essence."
"Protons have wave-particle duality. The process of their separation from the nucleus is actually different in space positions, and is naturally described by its wave function."
"At the moment of decay, protons can both depart from the nucleus according to the calculation of the wave function, or they can not depart from the nucleus."
"All this is a probabilistic behavior."
"At the moment of decay, protons can be calculated from the nucleus or not."
"All this is a probabilistic behavior."
"At the moment of decay, protons can be calculated from the nucleus, or they can not deviate from the nucleus."
"All this is a probabilistic behavior."
"So, for a single atom, we cannot accurately predict its decay time."
"But the decay behavior of a large number of atoms can be described by statistics."
Hiss!
Li Qiwei's analysis was seamless and unsparing!
He sang and Rutherford together, making the concept of probability waves deeply rooted in people's hearts.
Some people have even started nodding.
For example, Bohr felt that although his mentor's theory was shocking, it was very reasonable.
"Relativity breaks the absolute view of space-time in classical mechanics."
"Quantum mechanics should also be unique."
"Its uniqueness is breaking cause and effect!"
Bohr has begun to think about debating probability waves.
However, like him, is a very rare one.
At this time, Schrödinger, who had not made any sound, suddenly moved.
He was in extreme shock after Professor Bruce proposed the probability wave.
Because this view completely subverts his own explanation of wave function.
This also causes huge changes in the physical meaning of the wave equation.
This is something Schrödinger cannot accept.
But the man in front of him is too powerful and too majestic!
The other party is like a god who is above, and it is hard to look at it directly.
In the field of physics, that man is the only one!
But even so, Schrödinger still mustered up his courage.
"I love my teacher, I love the truth more!"
So, he asked: "Professor Bruce, forgive me for being stupid."
"You said that electrons can be at any position in the atom at the same time."
"How can this be understood?"
"How can it be both at the same time and at any position?"
"Then I can't help but ask, at that moment, where is the electron?"
"There is only one number of electrons, and it can't be both at point A and B, right?"
Schrödinger's question made everyone nod.
Obviously, this question is also the one that everyone cannot understand the most.
If you want to say that electron waves are probability waves, you can still accept them if you grit your teeth.
At worst, I admit that the world is probabilistic. This adds a mysterious vitality to the boring and cold universe.
After all, there are two roads in the yellow woods, and the unknown one is always the best.
But it is really incredible that electrons appear anywhere at the same time.
I can't imagine it at all.
Li Qiwei sighed in his heart when he heard this.
The people present were indeed famous big shots in history.
Their thinking has long been spreading.
Schrödinger's problem is directly at the core!
If you want to perfectly answer the other party’s question, you must use the complementary principle, the state superposition principle, and the wave function collapse.
Simply put, if you want to know where the electron is at time t, you must observe it.
The most new ⊥小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小
Once the electron is observed, the electron will instantly change from the state of the electron cloud to the certain state.
That is, from mathematical probability to fact. (It's really a bit difficult to understand, don't worry)
But Li Qiwei is not ready to throw these concepts out now.
Because the time has not come!
However, he can still reply Schrödinger with a slightly flawed look.
"The electron appears randomly due to the existence of a probability wave."
"This is the conclusion drawn through Born's experiment and the wave equation."
"It's not that I guessed randomly."
"The reason you think the two concepts of [at the same time] and [any] are contradictory because you involuntarily treat electrons as particles."
"But electrons are not simply particles, they are a combination of particles and probability waves, like ghosts, filling the atoms."
"Give an image example."
>
"A huge water wave, its scope covers the entire lake."
"So can we say that the water waves appear at any location on the lake at the same time?"
"Of course!"
"The same is true for probability waves."
"In fact, what we should think more about is what the process is like when electrons go from the form of probability waves [to] falls at a certain position."
"To be honest, I'm still thinking."
"I think there are some principles in it."
Wow!
Li Qiwei's analysis shocked everyone again.
Although this explanation is not absolutely perfect, it is at least logically self-righteous.
Moreover, Professor Bruce also admitted that there is still something that needs to be improved.
Before it has been perfected, it is already so shocking.
One dare not imagine how amazing the perfect probability wave theory will be!
Li Qiwei said: It's just that Copenhagen interpretation will become a blues interpretation.
Schrödinger was very ashamed.
Professor Bruce saw through his little thoughts at first glance.
Yes, in order to refute probability waves, he even used the concept of particles he had abandoned before.
If you treat electrons as particles, you really cannot understand the statement that they appear anywhere at the same time.
It's like a person, how could he be in the UK and Germany at the same time?
But if electrons are regarded as a combination of particles and probability waves, it can be said that.
Although electrons have a particle side, their probability waves permeate the entire Europe.
As long as the conditions are appropriate, it can appear in any country in the form of electron particles.
This statement is extremely strange.
But as long as you accept the view of probability waves, it is still quite easy to understand.
The later double-slit interference experiment was actually related to this point.
At this moment, when Heisenberg saw Schrödinger's appearance, he rarely felt gloating, but felt distressed.
After all, if it were him, he would have gone crazy now.
The wave function modified by Professor Bruce can be said to have nothing to do with Schrödinger.
Probability waves replace the original mechanical waves!
The wave equation also has a brand new explanation: probability explanation!
After Schrödinger, Planck, Somofe, Lang Zhiwan and others raised questions one after another.
Some questions are even repeated.
The core reason is that everyone always treats electrons as simple particles involuntarily.
This is a thinking that needs to be completely abandoned!
To discuss the behavior of electrons, wave-particle duality must be used.
Electronics are not a certain matter and state like the apples in the material world.
You apply 5N force to the apple and it will move.
If you remove the force, the apple will stop due to friction.
But electrons are different.
Its movement is dominated by probability.
No matter what influence you exert on it, the final state is determined by probability.
This is the most essential difference between the two.
So, Li Qiwei repeatedly instilled this concept in the big guys present.
But the effect is very little.
Even big guys can hardly avoid thinking trends. It is conceivable how shocked and crazy those ordinary scholars will be when they hear the probability wave.
It's like facing Cthulhu!
At this time, Einstein, who had been silent, spoke.
He is probably the one who refuses to recognize the probability wave at the scene.
His words completely pushed the atmosphere on the scene to the climax.
In the future, it became a classic catchphrase representing this conference, and was talked about by countless people.
"Bruce, do you think God rolls the dice?"
Boom!
Everyone was shocked!
This short sentence instantly resonated with all the big guys on the field!
They are the smartest people in the eyes of the world.
Knowledge and talented!
They are confident that they can explain everything in the world and control everything in the world.
Flame, lightning, rays.
Everything is a vassal of physics!
Physics represents absolute precision and absolute cause and effect.
Even the theory of relativity dares to challenge cause and effect, thus introducing the concept of relative time and space in order to satisfy the law of cause and effect.
But the probability wave crushed all this!
Quantum mechanics smashed all this!
Einstein's question facing the soul was shocking!
At this moment, everyone looked at the figure on the stage!
Facing Einstein's question, Li Qiwei smiled slightly.
That bright smile is brighter than the spring breeze!
Heisenberg and others were stunned when they saw it.
It seems that something suddenly turned.
However, the next moment!
A terrifying aura erupted!
Surprising into the sky, it was almost about to pierce the sky.
Countless people were shocked!
"Oh my God!"
"What is that?"
At this moment, Li Qiwei was like a god coming to the world, covering the entire world with majesty!
He was not Planck's beloved disciple, not Einstein's close friend, nor Bohr's mentor.
He is the god of physics who ruled the world! Indifferent and ruthless!
That tall figure is even more majestic than the starry sky!
Those bright eyes are brighter than the sun!
Swallowing mountains and rivers! Invincible world!
I am the only one! Stand up to the sky!
Its sound is like the thunder of the nine heavens, and the mysterious sound of the great way.
"Einstein, don't command God what to do!"
Boom!
The audience was shocked!
(This chapter ends)