Chapter 550: One house, a very strange but realistic unit of measurement
A lazy donkey poops and urinates a lot when grinding on the grinder. It is said that a lazy donkey always tells various stories to be lazy when grinding on the grinder. Of course, The mill donkey doesn't use his rations to buy coffee for refreshment.
Coffee comes from the Ethiopian Plateau in East Africa. The shepherds here discovered very early that sheep would become excited after eating these black fruits, so they collected these black fruits. , used to provide warriors in battles. Later, coffee was introduced to the food countries, and the Arab world had coffee.
Arab traders brought coffee to the world, but they did not take the seeds out. They ground the roasted coffee into powder and told everyone how to use it, which was to boil it with water and drink it, but the seeds were still there Cultivated on a small scale in the Arab world, this 'plant drink' is very popular in the West.
According to the teachings, drinking alcohol is prohibited by the teachings, so coffee, a plant drink, is extremely popular in the Arab world. It is also called Arabic wine, or Islamic wine.
The red-haired fans are curious about everything in the world, especially the code of wealth. The Arabs sell the black powder everywhere and make a lot of money. The red-haired fans also want to make this. Money, they began to frequently probe into the secrets, but in the end they did not get the coffee seeds. They only knew that it was a black round bean and a necessity for religious ceremonies.
Zhu Yijun got the coffee seeds. King Akbar of the Mughal Kingdom sent his special envoy Shah Maimaiti as a national gift to the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Akbar hoped to maintain the friendship with the Ming Dynasty and obtain ships and the Ming Dynasty. goods and cotton was sold to the Ming Dynasty at the same time, so Emperor Akbar still sent some coffee seeds to the emperor.
In the original words of Shah Maimaiti: [The emperor of the Ming Dynasty was a very hard-working and interesting emperor. His hobbies were a bit strange. They were neither gold, silver, treasures nor beauties, but all kinds of things. Strange seeds, yes, he likes to farm, a very strange hobby. ]
Collecting all kinds of strange plants was an open hobby of the Ming Emperor, so Shah Maimaiti liked it.
Why tobacco, coffee, tea, tobacco and other substances can refresh the mind has become a research topic of the Ming Dynasty Jieju Institute. Fan Yingqi’s topic is this aspect. He wants to study why people are interested in these things. Get addicted to something and cure yourself.
Wang Jiaping and Fan Yingqi talked about outside things. Fan Yingqi was not very interested. The topics that he could talk about in the past were now too far away from him. But Fan Yingqi talked to Wang Jiaping about his research topic, and Wang Jiaping Also confused.
Just like that, the two former friends no longer had anything in common.
Fan Yingqi noticed that adding some coffee to the livestock's forage can effectively increase the workload of the livestock, but the only problem is that the livestock will become thin. The dosage is appropriate and needs to be repeated multiple times. experiment.
Wang Jiaping left Jiecuiyuan and stood blankly in front of the door of Jiecuiyuan for a long time. He knew that this was probably the last time the two of them met. He generally did not like this place. Come here, and Fan Yingqi will not come out. He is already socially dead. As the instigator behind the case of Baoding’s occupation of official land and nests, Wang Jiaping just needs to prove that he has no evil intentions. It is not conducive to maintain the relationship between friends. progress.
Fan Yingqi seems to be very reluctant to see his old friends, because what he did is not honorable.
This can be regarded as a kind of separation between yin and yang.
Wang Jiaping knew that this meeting would bring him some trouble. Seeing him or not seeing him would be trouble. The lesser of two evils would at least prove that he had no evil intentions, but he never expected that it would bring him trouble. With so much trouble coming, the officials of the Department of Science and Technology were obviously well prepared, and even wrote two memorials in advance! No matter what Wang Jiaping does, he will have to go through this impeachment.
After realizing that he would definitely be impeached, Wang Jiaping didn't bother to care. Anyway, there were too many lice and it didn't itch. The things he did in Guangdong were indeed worth talking about. Wang Jiaping began his journey to the capital. , wandering around while waiting for the emperor's summons.
Compared with the dull atmosphere when the emperor was young, now as the emperor has grown up, the capital has gradually become more active.
Wang Jiaping was startled when he saw the roaring steam engine. Although he had known that the Royal Academy of Furniture was tinkering with this thing for a long time, he was still a little frightened when he saw the real thing for the first time. The movement was really too great, the roaring sound, the billowing smoke, and the scorching temperature all made people excited.
The principle of a steam engine is quite simple. It is a two-sided bellows. It sounds simple, but Wang Jiaping asked him to make it and he couldn't tinker with it. As for the steam turbine that Zhu Zaiyu, the director of the Gewu Academy, was tinkering with, Wang Jiaping couldn't even look at it. don't know.
Watching the sixteen-horse steam engine roaring on the track, Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong roared excitedly.
The dead weight of the sixteen-horsepower steam engine is still too big, and the cost of use is too expensive. It takes two thousand kilograms of coal to pull one thousand kilograms of goods, but Wang Jiaping can see that this is the future.
Because the power of steam engines is still increasing, miniaturization, that is, weight reduction, is being vigorously promoted. One day, this thing roars past, carrying goods from all directions.
The Ming Dynasty’s small-scale peasant economy transformed into a commodity economy, and steam engines were indispensable. If silver is the metaphysical channel of department stores, then steam engines and Chidao are the physical channels of department stores.
Wang Jiaping saw a steam engine and experienced a rickshaw at Deshengmen. As long as a strong laborer can pull a cart, he can go wherever he wants to go.
Wang Jiaping and his two disciples circled the rickshaw three times to the left and three to the right, looking at it very carefully. It was not until the driver became anxious that Wang Jiaping gave the driver thirty copper coins and asked them to continue. Watch for a while.
The wheels of the rickshaw are made of steel and the rest are made of wood. The seat is not very big, but it is quite comfortable to sit on.
In the past, the scholar-bureaucrats in the Ming Dynasty liked to ride in sedans, two-person sedans and four-person sedans. There were many in the Ming Dynasty. Later, the emperor liked to travel by car. What was good for the superiors was very different for the inferiors. Everyone also changed I wanted to take a car, but actually it was very, very uncomfortable to ride in the car because the bumps were so severe that the fatigue of traveling was no joke. If I were to drive for more than ten miles, I would be shaking and falling apart.
The main reason is that the roads are not hardened and not smooth enough. Now, with the burning of cement and the smog in the capital, the roads are beginning to be smooth.
In addition to road smoothing and hardening, there are also shock-absorbing mechanisms. The large-scale mass production of spring steel has made "宀" shock-absorbing mechanisms used everywhere. This kind of shock-absorbing mechanism is also used by emperors to travel in cars. , in order not to knock the emperor to death, and for the sake of the fetters of the nine clans, the craftsmen of the Ming Dynasty completed the design of the shock-absorbing mechanism.
This kind of rickshaw is also equipped with this kind of spring shock-absorbing mechanism. Sitting on it is like sitting on a boat, swaying three times.
I am still so upset, but it is not unacceptable anymore.
Even if it rains, it can still be used, because there are four-spoke wooden brackets on the seats with a cotton and linen roof. If you are afraid of rain leaks, you can hold an umbrella while sitting in the car.
The reason why Wang Jiaping had to turn three times to the left and three times to the right, and even let two disciples sit on it, Wang Jiaping pulled it personally and kept nodding.
"Teacher, what have you been staring at?" Wan Wenqing asked a little strangely.
“I saw the car body that is light and strong enough, the bearings that are not very strenuous, the shock absorption of the Zang-shaped structure, the smooth road surface, the coal output of Daming, and the steel output. , saw the cotton and linen production, saw the department store thoroughfares, you can see this kind of rickshaw in the streets and alleys of the capital, which means that the coal is enough for heating and cooking, and there is leftover to burn cement and steel, at least in the capital. "Yes." Wang Jiaping said with emotion.
He actually saw the epitome of the Wanli Restoration in this seemingly inconspicuous rickshaw, and he even saw the transformation of production relations, because ten years ago, even if there was a rickshaw, the driver would not They will work in Chaoyangmen and Deshengmen, because the most popular people in Chaoyangmen and Deshengmen are dignitaries.
Will dignitaries and dignitaries give you money when they ride in the car? Absolutely not. If these people with official status take out their badges, the driver will have to take a ride for free. Not only will he have to take a ride for free, he may also have to work, and he will not make any money if he wastes time.
In the past, it was not just officials who had Yizhan Horse cards, but also various mountain people who relied on nepotism to obtain Yizhan Horse cards.
There is also a phenomenon of power sharing under the seat-teacher system. At that time, it was called tolerance of patronage and nepotism. We really need to start a discussion. Wang Jiaping can write tens of thousands of words and occupy several pages of the People's Daily. This is not the case since the implementation of the Kao Kao Law. The phenomenon of power sharing has become more common under the high pressure of the Kao Cheng Law.
The imperial court made timely adjustments.
"You guys have been watching this for a long time. Do you want to sit down? If you don't ride in a rickshaw, I still have to do some work!" The driver finally couldn't stand it anymore. I don't know which country bumpkin would be afraid of a rickshaw. I could look at it for a long time and make some serious comments about it. Isn’t it just a rickshaw? ! He looks like he has never seen the world!
"Sit, sit, sit, and join me in the hotel." Wang Jiaping said with a smile: "If I have an official body and teeth, how will you treat me?"
"With your outfit, you look like You are a noble person, but noble people have to pay to ride in a car. This is what your Majesty has announced! Look at the notice on the city gate. His Majesty's decree is: If someone rides in a car without paying, go to the Metropolitan Procuratorate to sue him. The censor will impeach him." The driver put the sweat towel on his shoulders and pointed to the yellow list posted on the big notice board on the city gate.
It is really Zhu Yijun’s will.
"Can you see the censor?" Wang Jiaping asked curiously as he got into the car.
“Yes, the censor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate has to go to the water hole to fetch water every day. There is no need to write a complaint, just tell the censor about it. I don’t know what you, the officials, are. "Who, but Yushitai knows it very well." The driver said with a smile: "Sit tight!"
"Slow down, slow down!" Wang Jiaping grasped the armrests on both sides of the seat. If you have a lot of strength, you can walk as fast as flying.
Wang Jiaping was still frightened at first, but he soon discovered that the car was very stable, neither bumpy nor sideways. When he encountered a corner, he had to shake the bell and shout. A sound prevents a car crash. This is a brand new experience. Wang Jiaping rides a rickshaw and shuttles through the streets and alleys.
What the coachman said about the censors carrying water is also an interesting story. Wang Jiaping went to see it and the censors were really carrying water.
The imperial censors of the Metropolitan Procuratorate urgently need His Majesty’s Holy Family to take back their duties of carrying water, so they are still very concerned about the complaints from the people who are watching, and they have actually impeached several officials. Wearing official status, eating King's meal, grabbing a handful from stalls when passing by with unclean hands and feet, not paying for rides in the car, and other illegal things.
But the censors are still carrying water.
Wang Jiaping listened to these anecdotes about the capital and got off the bus at Huitongguanyi. He counted the money clearly and gave it to the driver.
"Thank you for the reward, sir. My journey has soared to the sky!" The driver shook his sweat towel and left happily. In fact, Wang Jiaping had already paid. He gave thirty yuan to look at the car. Now this is considered a reward. If you give me a lot of money, of course I am willing to say a few words that the official would like to hear.
“Have you seen it?” Wang Jiaping said, standing in front of the Huitong Hall Posthouse.
Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong glanced at each other, each looking confused. They looked at Wang Jiaping and asked: "What did you see?"
"Vibrant and positive "If the people are like this, why should the world be unhappy?" Wang Jiaping held up his right hand and said excitedly.
Compared with farm work, pulling a cart is very easy. Although Wang Jiaping does not know how to farm, he still knows the hard work of the people. He is just sitting in a cart alone. No matter how fat he is, how much can he weigh? The harvest from the fields would be piled on carts and taken to the house, and that was the coolie. In fact, there were not many livestock among the people. If there was a donkey in the house, it would belong to a wealthy farmer.
After hardening, the roads in the city are easier to walk than the muddy roads in the countryside.
"It turns out that the teacher likes to be flattered, and flattering makes you energetic. Let's flatter him more in the future." Wan Wenqing said with sudden realization.
Wu Weizhong nodded repeatedly and said: "Yes, yes, yes, I wish you a bright future!"
"Huh?!" Wang Jiaping's face was covered with black lines and his face was cold and stern. The water is almost dripping out, what’s all this!
“What I’m saying is that you see him striding forward, making money with his own hands, moving forward bravely for a better life in the future, having hope in the future, having a direction in the future, looking forward to life, and heading towards life, but he is not full of vigor. You, you!" Wang Jiaping shook his sleeves and was too lazy to care about these two treasures.
These two live treasures did it on purpose, they had resentment in their hearts.
Wang Jiaping came to the capital. Although he did not see Wang Chonggu, he happened to meet Wang Qian. Wang Jiaping said hello to Wang Qian and did not allow the two disciples to fool around in the capital. Wang Qian agreed as soon as he heard it. Coming down, this little bit of face had to be given, and soon Wang Qian greeted the restaurants in the capital. The two monks, Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong, only eat vegetarian food.
Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong took advantage of Wang Jiaping to learn about the courtyard, so they sneaked out of Taibai Building, and then took a few mouthfuls of vegetarian food. They might as well not eat it, no I haven’t thought about it before I ate it, but this time I ate it, it was completely bad. On the contrary, I was thinking about it, so I acted like this.
Wang Jiaping is still able to accept new things. He is not a rigid and conservative old-fashioned, nor is he a cheap Confucian who is above three generations of the law and believes in the eternal law.
They were all very fresh experiences, allowing him to truly feel the changes in Ming Dynasty.
"Teacher, the censor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate has also complained a lot of grievances to the people, so when will this water-carrying matter come to an end?" Wan Wenqing is still more concerned about the outcome of this matter. of.
"Don't ask me, I'm not your teacher. Go, go, go and listen to music." Wang Jiaping waved his hand impatiently and said, "Ask the girls, they know."
"Don't mention it!" Wu Weizhong said cheerfully: "It's a lazy teacher if we don't teach strictly. If it's embarrassing for the two of us to go out, it will also lose the teacher's face!"
"I didn't have to have that love in the first place. I have a talent for accepting you as my disciples!" Wang Jiaping raised his eyebrows. He already regretted it. At first he thought these two were very capable, but after accepting them as his disciples, he discovered that he still liked to go to brothels without ambition. Going to brothels led to a disorderly life. , will be scolded by Qingliu.
Wang Jiaping thought for a while and said: "The imperial censor of the Duchayuan thought about not carrying water. The chickens ate up the rice mountains, the dogs licked up the noodles, and the fire burned the copper locks."
"What do you mean, teacher, it's never possible?" Wan Wenqing had read Journey to the West, and of course he knew what this meant. The prefect of Fengxian County offended the Jade Emperor, who refused to rain and also set up three laws to prevent rain. It is possible to complete the conditions before it can rain.
Wu Weizhong gloated and said: "It's really miserable. It's fun to carry water. I went to see it. I couldn't carry it. I had to carry it. Two people had to run several times a day to carry it. Tsk, tsk, along the road The people are not surprised, but those who come to Beijing from out of town have to go and see the excitement."
"I guess I have to keep choosing. Your Majesty is not allowed to become an official because of this." Wang Jiaping also smiled. Said with interest.
Wan Wenqing frowned and said: "Then the censor is still willing to redress the grievances of the people? Anyway, whether the grievances are redressed or not, you have to carry water."
"You finally got the idea, look. We have reached the crux of the matter." Wang Jiaping looked happy as a child, and explained: "The more the Censor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate redresses the grievances of the people, the more he has to carry water, even if it is not for the sake of venting his anger, but for this matter of redressing grievances. Son, Your Majesty is also willing to let them run around.”
"That's not right. The purpose of redressing grievances is for the Holy Family. To obtain the Holy Family, the more Holy Family members there are, the fewer Holy Family members there are?" Wu Weizhong immediately understood the paradox. The more Holy Family members there are, the more Holy Family members there are for the censors. The fewer the family members, the less likely they are to be forgiven.
Wan Wenqing immediately shook his head and said: "But the censor can be promoted as an individual. Therefore, the more grievances are redressed, the faster you will escape from the sea of suffering. It does not mean that the more saints you have, the less you have. , but the holy relatives are concentrated on the individual. "
"Of course." Wang Jiaping nodded and said, the holy relatives have not disappeared, but are concentrated on the censor who is willing to redress the grievances of the people. This is the excitement. The reason why I can keep watching.
Wang Jiaping was announced, and he returned to Beijing to report on his duties. The Emperor of Ming Dynasty naturally wanted to meet him in person, but the meeting place was not at Tonghe Palace, but at the Royal Gewuyuan. Although they were both forbidden gardens, But it’s not a place either.
Wang Jiaping brought Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong to the Royal Gewuyuan. This was also the first time for the three of them to come to the Royal Gewuyuan. The entrance was just a simple and faithful screen wall.
Zhu Zaiyu, the word "faithfulness", has already explained it in detail in Gewu Bao. Make bold assumptions and demonstrate carefully, which is in line with practice. If it is not in line with practice, overthrow the assumption.
Wang Jiaping came to the Zangjing Pavilion, which is the tallest building on the central axis of the Royal Garden, with a height of six floors. The inside is separated by a steel-concrete structure. That is to say, even if there is a fire, The fire will not spread to the entire Sutra Pavilion.
The books are all kept in drawers, and these drawers are also made of iron.
"Isn't it true that unless a fire is deliberately set on fire, there will be no fire? Looking at this posture, His Majesty is very defensive." Wan Wenqing said in surprise.
Wang Jiaping sighed. On the way to the meeting, Da Xun was leading the way. He dared to talk such nonsense. It seemed that he really didn't want to make progress. He shook his head and said, "You can give it a try. ”
"Forget it, the head is more important." Wan Wenqing's feet were trembling when she heard Wang Jiaping talking about Zhang Siwei in that room. That was a whole room! This is a strange but realistic unit of measurement.
The Sutra Collection Pavilion of the Imperial Palace is not a wooden structure, and the books are stored in categories. Who is this being guarded against? It goes without saying that it is naturally tens of thousands of Zhang Siwei.
The shooting holes on the wall of the Sutra Pavilion are His Majesty’s precautions.
Zhu Yijun has arrived at the Royal Garden, and this time Zhu Zaiyu is offering auspiciousness again.
The emperor's uncle Zhu Zaiyu always brought countless surprises to the Ming Emperor, and this time was no exception. Before unveiling the red silk cloth, Zhu Yijun was not very clear about what the Royal Academy of Furniture had done. Weird stuff.
The emperor had many things to do and his schedule was very tight. Moreover, because Wang Jiaping came to Beijing from Guangzhou to resume his duties, the centripetal force of this far south place also needed to be maintained, so Zhu Yijun chose the Imperial Palace Museum.
"I pay my respects to Your Majesty. Long live Your Majesty, Long live Your Majesty." Wang Jiaping led two disciples and bowed five times and kowtowed three times in a grand ceremony.
"No gifts, no gifts." Zhu Yijun looked at Wang Jiaping and said with a smile: "Did Wang Aiqing go to learn about the courtyard the day before yesterday?"
"Yes." Wang Jiaping hurriedly bowed his head and said.
“I still remember the way you and Fan Yingqi taught me together. Things have changed and people have changed. Now you are the governor of Guangdong, and he has closed himself in the Jiecuyuan. You must always remember Fan Yingqi's lesson," Zhu Yijun said with regret.
Fan Yingqi was very talented. He was Ge Shouli's disciple like Wang Jiaping. He had a bright future, but his life was ruined by this opium. Even if he quits now, it's too late. He has become like that, a fate that manipulates people. .
"I will obey the teachings." Wang Jiaping could only be angry with Fan Yingqi because he was a good person and was ruined by something like this.
"Just go and go, don't worry about the barking of the humble scholar, let's see what kind of treasure the uncle has made." Zhu Yijun motioned to Wang Jiaping and his disciples to sit down.
Wan Wenqing and Wu Weizhong did not have the courage to talk nonsense in front of His Majesty.
Zhu Zaiyu, Jiao Hong, Zhang Siwen, Li Kaifang, Huang Zifu and others solemnly received the gift. They are all talents from the Royal Institute of Geosciences, top talents in Ming Dynasty Geosciences.
Zhu Zaiyu stood up and said to everyone: "Last time, we said that everything in the world is made up of smaller bugs, or molecules. The greater the heat, the smaller the molecules. Active, many objects will melt into a liquid state after continuous heating, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, and glass, and the liquid state will become a gaseous state after further heating. "
"After the boiler is sealed, it can be obtained. Higher temperature, faster steam, coupled with the safety relief valve, prevents the boiler from exploding due to excessive steam. This triggered our thinking."
"We cannot solve these tiny problems. Can the molecules seen with the eyes be compressed? Forcibly compress them from the gaseous state to the liquid state, and from the liquid state to the solid state? "We started the experiment and started to pressurize the air, trying to force it. The gaseous molecules hugged together again, but we failed. Pressurization will further heat the gas. In our calculations, it must be reduced to at least nearly a hundred degrees below zero to complete liquefaction."
"We. Pressurization of the gaseous state cannot be achieved, because we can neither get a lower temperature nor a greater pressure, but our experiment is not without any results. We found that compared to gases, liquids seem to be more difficult to compress .”
"We found that when any point in the liquid receives an external force, it will be transmitted to every corner of the liquid evenly, instantly, and without any loss."
After Zhu Zaiyu finished speaking, he opened the first Red silk cloth. Under the red silk cloth is a thick glass bottle similar to a connector. The bottle contains amber fish oil. The thick double-headed dragon glass bottle contains not water, but oil.
“This is a weight weighing one pound. We put the weight on the left side. Please see, the liquid level on the left side drops and the liquid level on the right side rises. At this time, we are on the right side. Put a weight of the same weight, the liquid level on the left returned to its original position, and the two sides reached balance."
Zhu Zaiyu did a very brief experiment that can be understood at a glance. The up and down movement of a weight proves that force is transmitted between liquids.
This can be used for transmission.
Zhu Yijun, who was familiar with Zhu Zaiyu, was already prepared. If it was just such a simple demonstration, Zhu Zaiyu would at most write a special topic in Gewu Bao instead of calling the emperor to come to him in a big fight.
"It's easy to understand, right." Zhu Zaiyu clapped his hands. This time he was very happy, because everyone present understood what he wanted to express.
Zhu Zaiyu said with a smile: "We have known for a long time that the effect of pressure is related to the area. For example, the end of a nail is extremely sharp, and all weapons need to be sharpened. The street vendors were grinding scissors along the street, because the knives were not sharp enough to cut things. When we used to mark the cement, we used one kick as the basis."
"Stop! A kick is just a kick, there is no need to emphasize my kick!" Zhu Yijun strongly opposed it at first, so the label was changed from the emperor's kick to one kick.
"Uncle, please continue."
"The foot is the unit, and the area we use is the area of His Majesty's shoes." Zhu Zaiyu continued: "What will happen if we expand the area on the right side?"
Zhu Zaiyu opened the second A red silk cloth, he said with a smile: "This is an airtight container. We have sealed it. The area on the right side is twice that of the left side."
"We also use a weight weighing one kilogram to make it." Experiment."
Zhu Zaiyu placed two one-pound weights on the left and right sides. Something magical happened. The left side did not return to its original height.
“It’s amazing, isn’t it?” Zhu Zaiyu picked up another weight and placed it on the right side. He smiled and said: “The area on the right side is twice that of the left side. Two weights are needed to keep it. Balance, what if the area on the right is ten times that of the left? ”
(End of this chapter)