Chapter 271 Third Generation Perovskite Cell Technology
"Gong Yang, happy New Year." After saying that, Chen Yuanguang handed over a red envelope.
On the first working day after the New Year, Chen Yuanguang stood in front of Guangjia Aerospace’s headquarters building in Mianyang and handed out red envelopes to employees one by one.
This is also a custom in Guangdong Province.
“Thank you, God of Light.” Yang Jiashan raised his hand after receiving the red envelope.
Guangjia Aerospace's office building in Mianyang is almost given away for free by Mianyang.
After Guangjia Aerospace landed in Mianyang, students majoring in aerospace in the entire southwest region have a new place to go.
“Tianmin, happy New Year.”
After the Lunar New Year, time seems to be accelerated.
In March, the perovskite technology research group supported by Amerikan's Department of Energy announced that they had achieved a technological breakthrough and had developed technology for the industrial mass production of perovskite batteries.
As early as China's technological breakthrough, Amerikan chose CubicPV to lead the solar energy project at the MIT Research Center as an industry leader.
The research center has been working on how to use automation and artificial intelligence to optimize the production process of tandem solar panels.
After CubicPV took over, perovskite batteries and production process optimization are being promoted together.
CubicPV announced that their process can achieve a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 37%. At the same time, mass production of photovoltaic modules through automated technology can reduce costs to extremely low levels.
In other words, the entire project can be located on Amerikan's own soil because the demand for labor is very small.
Shortly after CubicPV announced its technological breakthrough, the Gates Foundation announced that it would invest an additional US$10 billion in CubicPV, with them leading the investment and other Silicon Valley companies following the investment.
CubicPV’s main backers from the beginning include Breakthrough Energy Ventures, a subsidiary of the Gates Foundation.
CubicPV announced that it will invest US$10 billion to build factories in Texas and Massachusetts.
The environmental protection forces in these two places are not strong, and various NGO organizations are relatively weak. At the same time, there are preferential taxation.
Why is it that the manufacturing industry in the United States is not doing well, and clean energy such as photovoltaics is being made difficult by environmental protection organizations.
It is still a photovoltaic factory that uses Americen’s most advanced technology. It would be surprising if it could be done well.
It is also about building chip factories. The ones invested and built by TSMC in Neon have been officially put into production for more than a year, and the Americen factory is still under construction.
Many of the engineers at TSMC who were coerced into running to Amerikan have been working from home for more than a year.
American’s efficiency is impressive. A weakling like TSMC, which has its own dog food, is about to collapse, and the market is giving up to others in vain.
After the outer islands are gone, they really don’t dare to return to 4v. Now it is equivalent to being stuck.
At the groundbreaking ceremony of CubicPV, the host of the White House personally attended:
“This is an exciting moment! CubicPV’s technological breakthrough proves that American’s lagging behind in very few technical fields is only temporary, American The innovation mechanism still exists, and the source of our innovation power always exists.
We will soon be able to catch up with the technological breakthroughs achieved by our competitors.
This is a great victory. This is another iconic moment for the return of America's manufacturing industry! "
To be honest, not many Americans are happy, and there are even more Chinese people who are happy.
Mainly because this thing is too high-end and does not require many front-line workers. All it needs are engineers.
Ordinary workers and front-line blue-collar workers have no way to get jobs from this project.
What I said when I returned to the White House was to bring back manufacturing and job opportunities to rednecks.
To be honest, in the past few years, there has been almost no manufacturing industry back home, and most of it has gone to Mexico and Southeast Asia.
Although the media supported by the Xiang Party trumpeted the significance of this matter to the heavens, photovoltaics is a big business, which means that we are on the same starting line as China's photovoltaics.
We can force our allies to only buy Americen’s photovoltaic modules and not China’s photovoltaic modules.
This is a huge market.
If you consider that environmental protection is the general direction in the future and all countries must achieve carbon neutrality, then this market is not a small number no matter how you estimate it.
But it is useless because it cannot bring employment opportunities to the lower-level Amerikans.
Not to mention that after the immigration bill introduced Chinese people, many people believed that this seriously affected their employment opportunities.
Everyone is not too excited, and this photoelectric conversion efficiency is just what CubicPV says verbally. Huaguo has been selling components with this photoelectric conversion efficiency for almost two years.
On the contrary, some people in China are even more excited. You see, the lighthouse is the lighthouse. The lighthouse just didn't exert its strength before, but as soon as it exerts its strength, it will catch up with you.
As for why they didn't make more efforts before, they couldn't explain. The question is that the mechanism of the lighthouse is invincible. Don't be proud of the small breakthroughs in the past few years.
This kind of rhetoric is also consistent.
From some small achievements in the economy to some small achievements in the military to some small achievements in scientific and technological breakthroughs, in short, all you have are small achievements, and all the old and American ones are Zenith Star Technology.
The people in China who knelt down psychologically in the 1990s have never stood up.
Until JinkoSolar issued an announcement:
“It plans to invest 10 billion RMB to build a next-generation photovoltaic module production plant.”
Subsequently, Longi Green Energy and Tongwei Co., Ltd. Leading domestic photovoltaic companies have also successively issued announcements that they will invest heavily in building a new generation of photovoltaic module production lines.
It caused a sudden shock in the entire sector. All the stocks in the photovoltaic sector hit the daily limit. LONGi fell from 500 billion back to 100 billion, and then rose back from 100 billion back to 200 billion. Now there is another daily limit.
The entire photovoltaic sector drove the Shanghai Composite Index up 2 points.
“What the hell? Is there another breakthrough in photovoltaic technology?”
“The next generation of photovoltaic technology, isn’t it obvious? Everyone is starting to build the next generation of photovoltaic module production lines, no? It is clear that the upstream technology supplier has achieved a technological breakthrough. Who else can be Guangjia Aerospace?
The only regret is that Guangjia Aerospace is not listed on the market. If aerospace can be put on the market, why can’t Guangjia Aerospace be put on the market? ”
"The United States has just announced the success of perovskite battery research, but the domestic manufacturers have made technological breakthroughs? Learn from Intel and squeeze toothpaste, right?" I already want to die. I just announced that I will invest 10 billion US dollars to build a factory, and you have a technological breakthrough.” Announcement of technological breakthroughs in the middle will put you in a dilemma. If you withdraw a few billion dollars to reach the level, if you advance, you may lose 10 billion dollars. "
"I would say this is the time to announce it. The most heart-wrenching thing is that it makes it clear that the photovoltaic industry has a future, and China’s monopoly is because we can’t win over China, not because this market department is important.
As the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules becomes higher and higher, the photovoltaic industry will only become more and more important. Now that technological breakthroughs are announced, if you don't follow them, you will fall behind more and more until you can't keep up.
You will lose if you follow.
For Lao and China, I wish I didn’t follow. If you follow, you will only lose this time. If you don’t follow, there will be no competitors in the photovoltaic industry of Lao and China in the future.
This is just like when the United States did not insist on keeping chip manufacturing in the country. It would be more troublesome to get it back later.
As the influence of Laos and the United States declines, they will no longer be able to bring the photovoltaic industry back to their home country in the future. If they don’t follow suit this time, they will never be able to keep up. ”
"Damn you, I wonder why the photovoltaic sector has been receiving funds and has been rising moderately. It turns out there is such a major benefit.
It is obvious that funds have rushed away in advance."
Stock Bar There was a heated discussion among the shareholders. On platforms like Weibo, people may not understand what the next generation of photovoltaic technology is and the background of Americen’s establishment of the factory.
Brothers from the stock exchange bar, the calculators are smoking when you press them. You can calculate a company’s revenue based on some external statistical data. Their interpretation of this kind of news is very clear. .
After all, this is how you make money. When it comes to money, everyone is very honest and no one pretends to understand.
"The discomfort is not ordinary."
The White House doesn't care, because the money was not allocated by America. CubicPV built the factory on its own initiative, and it also received money from Silicon Valley.
CubicPV was not happy. CEO Frank Van Mierlo stood up and advocated on Mitai’s podcast that the American government should give greater support to new energy companies:
< br>"It turns out that solar energy is a form of energy agriculture, so every acre of yield matters. Over the past few decades, we have continued to improve the efficiency of solar panels, and the emergence of perovskite cell technology has allowed us to see The dawn of a breakthrough in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Our counterparts in China have given us a very good demonstration in this regard.”
Mitai said: Frank, you are a senior practitioner in the photovoltaic industry. You know a lot about energy technology and climate change, especially solar energy. I want to start here. For those who are new to solar energy, can you talk about the current state of solar energy? ”
“The photovoltaic industry has made great progress over the past few decades, and in the last five years, after the breakthrough of perovskite cell technology, its rate of progress has increased rapidly again.
This is like a 30-degree growth curve that has been rising in the past, but in the past four years, it has been a 45-degree growth curve.
Originally, when solar energy was first invented in the laboratory, its peak cost was about $10 per watt. Five years ago, the cost of electricity was about 5 to 4 cents per kilowatt-hour. Now if we choose photovoltaic modules from China, the cost can be reduced to less than 3 cents per kilowatt hour. We've seen significant reductions in costs. "
Mitai asked: "You just mentioned that the past four years, are these four years related to Dr. Wright's invention? ”
In America, Wright's popularity is very high. If you often watch CNN, Wright's name will appear every now and then. He is even more famous than Musk in China and comparable to Bill Gates's popularity in China.
Bill Gates, Jobs and Musk, the popularity of these three people in China should be decreasing in order.
Frank nodded: "Of course Dr. Wright took the lead in industrializing perovskite cells and optimized the process in the past four years. Its photoelectric conversion efficiency has been improved again.
According to the latest news in the industry, under the leadership of Dr. Wright, their technology seems to have been iterated again. If China's latest technology is followed, I expect they can reduce the cost to close to 2 cents per kilowatt hour.
This is very exaggerated.
Four years ago, although there was some composite thin film technology in the photovoltaic market, it was mainly made of silicon, and 80-90% of the market has been occupied by silicon. Now the proportion of perovskite has exceeded 40%, and the entire market is rapidly abandoning pure silicon panels.
In the past four years, this technology has been monopolized by Chinese manufacturers. I have visited China 40 times before 2020, trying to understand their photovoltaic industry and their competitiveness.
During these 40 visits to China, I think the reason why they can reduce costs to such a low level is related to state-led support, China’s high-quality engineer group and stable policies. Engineers in China are incredibly cheap.
I remember very clearly. I asked my colleagues in China how much the salary of their engineers with five years of mature experience was, and the answer he gave me was 1,500 US dollars a month. Yes, it was only 1,500 US dollars.
I still remember very clearly, he was very proud and said Frank, this is why we can compress the cost to such a low construction factor.
The same engineer at Amerikan costs at least US$5,000 a month, or even more.
What shocks me even more is that the salary of their R&D personnel can even be lower. This advantage is incomparable to Amerikan.
For this reason, after the White House signed the International Student Act, CubicPV began to recruit people in China aggressively. When we offered a salary of US$5,000, our mailbox was flooded with resumes from Chinese engineers. We can recruit far better talent than Americen engineers at the same price point.
We have recruited many outstanding Chinese engineers in the past, helped them apply for visas, and helped them solve their housing problems after arriving in Texas. They have very strong adaptability and can get into work very quickly. This is the case in the White House The decision was very correct.
Recruiting Chinese engineers is the best way to help Amerikan's manufacturing industry return. Because this not only helps to strengthen your own strength, but also helps to weaken the strength of your competitors. ”
Frank paused for a moment and said: "Sorry, I got a little off topic. Going back to the topic, before 2020, I went to Amerikan 40 times. In the six years from 2020 to 2025, I went to 50
On average, I would go to China once every month and a half. Considering the two years during which the virus was prevalent, I should go to China once a month.
Dr. Wright helped his counterparts in China achieve rapid profit growth, and the salaries of their front-line engineers also increased. However, compared with the profits of photovoltaic companies, the salary growth rate of Chinese engineers quickly encountered a bottleneck. "< br>
“So what can be seen is that China’s advantages are so obvious that CubicPV needs to continue to go to China.” Mitai said.
Frank said: "Yes, China has made very rapid progress in the past four years with the help of perovskite technology."
"Does that mean that Americen has no chance of catching up? Especially as you just mentioned, China has entered the third generation of perovskite battery technology." Mitai asked.
(End of this chapter)