Chapter 492 proves the universe island theory! Shocked the whole audience! This is not my limit yet!
Hubble is only 33 years old this year. In the astronomical world that values experience, he is still barely considered a young person.
Astronomy is not like physics, which requires high talent, abstract thinking and other abilities.
A person's age has little impact on academic achievement.
But the field of astronomy is different.
An experiment can often take several years.
It is really difficult for young people to surpass their predecessors.
The old astronomer is fully qualified to say:
"I have seen more stars than you have eaten."
Even a genius like Hubble is not exempt from vulgarity.
He also had to observe the stars and collect data honestly.
For this reason, he lay dormant for ten years.
And today, he can finally share his amazing results at this supreme meeting of astronomy.
Under the gaze of everyone, Hubble spoke in a calm tone.
"Today, the title of my report is: Scale of the Universe."
"At the Great Astronomy Debate of 1920, Mr. Shapley and Mr. Curtis debated whether the Milky Way is the entire universe."
"I think this wonderful debate will definitely impress you."
Discussions suddenly erupted in the venue.
The original debate was huge and attracted the attention of countless people around the world.
Although in the end neither party convinced the other.
However, the debate process in the middle was full of twists and turns.
Looking back now, I still can't help but cheer.
"Especially Professor Bruce's final summary."
"He believes that the existing standard candles, whether they are novae, blue giants, or globular star clusters, are not the best distance measuring tools."
"The real measuring stick in the universe should be Cepheids."
"If we can find a Cepheid variable star in the M31 nebula, we can measure its distance from the Earth based on the candlelight method."
"But unfortunately, there are too few stable Cepheids in the universe."
"And now we have to look for it in a specific nebula."
"This undoubtedly increases the difficulty of verifying Professor Bruce's theory."
Shapley and Curtis nodded at the same time.
The two of them were the protagonists of the debate. After the debate, they took the matter of Cepheids very seriously.
Because whoever can discover Cepheids first will have a great chance of winning the final victory in the debate.
Even though it was an off-field victory.
Shapley was very confused.
After the debate, he was spotted by Harvard University and successfully served as the director of the Harvard University Observatory.
It can be regarded as reaching the pinnacle of life.
But at the same time, he also lost something precious.
That is the super telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory: the Hooker Telescope.
With an aperture of 2.5 meters, this telescope stands out from the crowd.
The facilities at Harvard University are far inferior.
Now, Shapley has lost access to the telescope and it has become exclusive to Hubble.
If you want to find rare Cepheid variable stars, using the Hooker Telescope can greatly improve your chances.
Suddenly, Shapley's heart moved and he guessed:
"Holy crap, that guy from Hubble must have found a Cepheid variable star, right?"
"Oh my God!"
Curtis and Shapley looked at each other and thought of this instantly.
The two people's hearts immediately became tense.
Could it be that Chaco fights and Hubble wins?
Haer's face was filled with a proud smile, and Dyson next to him didn't know why.
For Haier.
It doesn't matter whether Shapley or Hubble succeeds.
Anyway, they all came from Mount Wilson.
At this time, Hubble continued his speech, and his next words directly detonated the entire audience.
"Fortunately, I finally found two Cepheids in the M31 nebula."
"This is what they look like in the picture."
"Using these two Cepheids as standard candles, I re-determined the distance between the M31 nebula and the Earth."
"It is a full 1.2 million light-years away."
"This astonishing size extends far beyond the confines of the Milky Way."
"This shows that the M31 nebula must be located outside the Milky Way."
"By analyzing the motion trajectory of the M31 nebula, we can roughly judge its mass."
"It exists at the same level as the Milky Way."
"So, the outcome of the great astronomy debate can finally come to an end."
"The universe island theory is correct."
"The Milky Way is just a small village in the kingdom of nebulae in the vast universe."
"The vastness of the universe exceeds our imagination."
boom!
Hubble's calm tone was in sharp contrast to the excitement of the scene.
Everyone stared at Hubble's data with their eyes wide open.
This result is really shocking!
The problem that has troubled astronomers for hundreds of years has been solved in this way.
"Oh my God! Hubble is prepared this time."
"This is simply the best representation of soaring into the sky."
"His success is all indispensable to hard work, luck, and patience."
At this moment, everyone was shocked by Hubble's results.
Everyone seems to be able to imagine Hubble's struggle.
A handsome young man has been waiting by the telescope for his dream.
Just to find the extremely rare Cepheids.
Genius is not terrible.
Geniuses who work hard and endure loneliness are terrifying!
Shapley had a complicated expression. He clenched his fists tightly and tried his best to control his emotions.
But in the end I couldn't hold it back.
He asked directly:
"Dr. Hubble, is it possible that the Cepheid variable star you discovered in the M31 nebula is a pseudo star?"
Wow!
As soon as this statement came out, there was an uproar in the venue.
Everyone was curious about Shapley's reaction.
Only Haer shook his head slightly, looking helpless.
Although Hubble and Shapley were colleagues at the observatory, their relationship could only be considered moderate and they were not close friends.
Now that Hubble has confirmed the island universe theory, it naturally means that Shapley is wrong.
I'm afraid he is unwilling to do so.
The so-called pseudo stars refer to those stars that also change in brightness but are not real Cepheids.
In this era, astronomers did not have a comprehensive understanding of the stars.
Concepts such as supernovae and white dwarfs have not yet been proposed.
But the above stars were discovered by humans very early on.
However, astronomers cannot study the nature of these stars because the theory cannot keep up.
Generally, they are addressed directly by Xinxing.
A nova is a star that is bright and unusual.
Therefore, Shapley's suspicion that the Cepheids discovered by Hubble in the M31 nebula may be wrong is not unreasonable.
It is a normal academic question.
What surprised everyone was that Shapley was so excited that he couldn't wait until the end of his speech before asking questions.
But this also reflects the shocking results.
Soon, all eyes were focused on Hubble.
Just two Cepheid variable stars really cannot convince everyone.
The distance of more than 1 million light-years shocked everyone even more.
The universe is too big.
Hubble was not surprised when he heard this, but smiled and said:
"Mr. Shapley's question is a good one."
"At first I also suspected that what I found might not be a real Cepheid variable star."
"But very, very fortunately, I also found Cepheids in several nebulae such as the M33 Nebula."
"According to calculations, their distances from the earth far exceed the diameter of the Milky Way."
"As shown in the picture." "So, I have every reason to believe that the universe island theory is correct."
(Note: M31 Nebula is the Andromeda Galaxy, and M33 Nebula is the Triangulum Galaxy. These are the two galaxies closest to the Milky Way.)
Wow!
The venue was shocked again!
Many astronomers can't find a few Cepheids in a year, but Hubble discovered so many in a row.
Other than luck, everyone no longer knows what to say.
"Oh my God! How can a person's luck be so bad!"
"Envy of chickens!"
"This is the power of the 2.5-meter Hooke Telescope."
"Caliber is justice! Don't deceive me sincerely!"
Among the crowd, Gao Lu and Yu Qingsong sat together.
Hubble's achievements make them envious.
Gao Lu sighed:
"You saw it."
"This is what the telescope does for astronomy."
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"Without the 2.5-meter telescope, the young man named Ha would never have been able to find so many Cepheids."
"Because if a Cepheid variable star happens to be in the stage of brightness contraction, ordinary telescopes may not be able to observe it and ignore it."
"If a worker wants to do his job well, he must first sharpen his tools."
Yu Qingsong and others nodded.
They deeply felt the gap between China and Western countries in the field of astronomy.
Fortunately, this gap can be caught up.
Professor Bruce is already working on this.
Today they can have an 80-centimeter telescope, and in the future they can have a 2.5-meter telescope.
As for the 20-meter one, everyone is just thinking about it for now.
But there was one thing that Yu Qingsong still couldn't figure out.
There are so many categories in the field of natural science, why is Professor Bruce so concerned about the development of domestic astronomy.
Is there anything special about it?
At this moment, Shapley seemed to have aged instantly.
All the unwillingness just now turned into helplessness.
The ironclad fact is before our eyes that his galactic cosmology is wrong.
He lamented:
"I feel like my world has been destroyed."
But on this occasion, he quickly cheered up and said sincerely:
"Dr. Hubble, your results convinced me."
Wow!
Shapley’s words sealed the debate of the century.
From now on, astronomy will reach consensus:
There are countless galaxies in the universe, and the Milky Way is just an insignificant one among them.
Curtis's face was filled with joy.
Not because he beat Shapley.
But it was an honor for him to witness major events in astronomy with his own eyes.
Even Shapley responded with an excited smile, celebrating the moment together.
From the ancient geocentric theory, to Copernicus' heliocentric theory, to the galactic center theory.
To this day, the galaxy where human beings live is not the center, but a drop in the ocean.
The mysteries of the universe are being unveiled bit by bit by astronomers.
Now, it has finally been revealed.
Vast, endless, and daunting.
The M31 nebula alone is more than 1 million light-years away from Earth.
So how big is the real universe?
10 million light years?
100 million light years?
Thousands of reveries.
At this moment, everyone applauded in unison.
They are doing this not just for Hubble, but for the entire astronomical community.
This is an event worthy of being recorded in the history of astronomy!
Eddington looked at his high-spirited friend and felt very happy.
His limelight just now was undoubtedly snatched away by Hubble.
The opponent fulfilled his domineering declaration at the beginning.
Eddington firmly believed that this result was comparable to Professor Bruce's theory.
On stage.
Hubble still maintained a determined expression.
He looked at the man down the field.
Without each other, he wouldn't be where he is today.
He said in his heart:
"Professor Bruce, thank you."
"The next step is my gratitude to you."
After everyone recovered from the shock and joy, the host Augusto also calmed down.
The excitement of today's meeting had left him feeling numb.
The achievements of Eddington and Hubble alone can shock the academic world.
Not to mention, the last speaker was Professor Bruce.
That’s the real highlight.
Augusto was afraid that today's meeting would be flawed because of his own mistakes.
So he was very restrained. He didn't interrupt Shapley's question just now.
Otherwise, it would not be able to create such a sensational effect.
Now that the speech was over, he finally had to perform his duties as host.
"Let us once again thank Dr. Hubble for his lecture."
"Now, you can ask your questions."
Just when everyone was about to raise their hands.
Suddenly, Hubble spoke first.
He said slightly embarrassed:
"Uh, sorry, Professor Augusto."
"My speech is not over yet."
"I still have a research result that I haven't shared."
Wow!
As soon as he finished speaking, everyone was shocked!
What's going on?
Hubble still has results?
And it was placed after verifying the universe island theory.
Doesn't that mean that this result is even more important than just now?
After all, normal people say the most important things last.
"Oh God! Is Hubble going to defy heaven?"
"He proved the universe island theory and can already go down in history."
"Now, does he have more important achievements?"
"Is this possible?"
At this moment, Eddington, Shapley, Curtis and others were all in disbelief.
With its current results, Hubble is enough to enter the field of top astronomers.
At least he'll get a professor title soon.
And now, he actually has a big move hidden away.
This is too exaggerated.
Augusto choked directly and didn't know what to say.
Hubble saw this, smiled, and then his momentum changed.
He entered the most fanatical state.
It was as if all the blood in his body was boiling.
"In 1912, Professor Bruce published the general theory of relativity and gave five major predictions at the end of the paper."
"These five predictions are treasures recognized by the astronomical community."
"Verifying any one of them is enough to shock the whole world."
"In 1914, Professor Eddington verified the first prediction: starlight bending."
"To a certain extent, this verifies the correctness of Guangxiang."
"But the academic community thinks it is not enough. At least the Nobel Prize Committee maintains a conservative attitude."
"And now, I will once again prove the correctness of general relativity!"
"Because, I found the fifth prophecy: evidence of the expansion of the universe!"
boom!
The whole audience was shocked!
(End of chapter)