Chapter 293 Denies the mechanical universe! One person challenges the entire world of physics!
Faced with Li Qiwei’s probabilistic explanation, Einstein’s rebuttal was recognized by the vast majority of people.
The strange transition behavior of electrons must be because there is still some unknown mechanism that has not been discovered, so it presents the current appearance of probability.
As research continues to deepen, physicists will surely be able to figure out the nature of the transition.
It’s the same as after having the law of universal gravitation, you can calculate the orbit of celestial bodies.
In ancient times, the movement patterns of celestial bodies were like miracles.
I have to say that this comparison is indeed very reasonable.
And it is in line with the development of physics in this era.
So Li Qiwei needed to think carefully about how to answer Einstein's question.
At this moment, the audience is still noisy, and everyone's emotions have not calmed down yet.
Today's meeting exceeded many people's imagination.
They had never had such a wonderful meeting.
The battle between the bosses is like a fight between the gods of Olympus.
Mortals can only watch from a distance. Once they get close, they will be affected by the residual power.
But now, once they think deeply, they will be sorry for their own brain cells.
It took a full five minutes before Li Qiwei finally spoke.
"As I expected, when I told you my explanation, it still shocked you."
"Einstein, I understand what you mean."
"In fact, it is the kind of determinism expressed by Laplace."
"If Laplacemon can know any situation of all material atoms in the universe."
"Then, it can list a system of equations based on this."
"Even if the number of equations in this system of equations is too large to be imagined by humans."
"But from Essentially, Laplacemon can know the past and future of the universe by calculating the solutions to the equations."
"This is the most popular world view at the moment."
"I put it. This view is called the mechanical cosmology ”
"In this view, the world is deterministic and predictable."
"However, what I want to say is that this view has a fatal problem."
" That is, it developed from Newtonian mechanics."
"Newton's three laws of mechanics and the law of universal gravitation firmly dominate the macroscopic world."
"Grown up in this context. Physicists will naturally choose to believe in the mechanical view of the universe.”
"Because everything we come into contact with in our daily lives perfectly fits the structure of this physical view."
"Knowing the speed of a car, we can calculate where it will be one hour later."< br>
“We can accurately predict the location of celestial bodies and predict solar and lunar eclipses.”
“All phenomena in nature can be calculated by physicists with a pen.”< br>
“This is a great achievement that no words can describe.”
Li Qiwei's words made everyone nod frequently.
Yes, this is the world view of all current physical people.
The world is accurate and predictable.
Although the quantum concept denies continuity, special relativity denies absoluteness.
But these two properties are far less important than certainty and causality.
They are the building blocks of something deeper.
Once a problem occurs, even the nature of the world will be rewritten.
So, many people cannot accept probability theory.
However, Li Qiwei continued:
“But physics is always moving forward.”
"The old theory has encountered more and more problems."
"Especially in the two fields of high-speed motion and microscopic particles, all existing theories have failed."
"Newton Mechanics has encountered unprecedented challenges."
"It can neither explain the constant speed of light nor the quantized orbit of electrons."
"This is enough to prove the limitations of Newtonian mechanics. ”
"Even in some aspects, it is likely to be wrong."
"The specific analysis, I have discussed in detail in the special theory of relativity."
"So, based on Newtonian mechanics Mechanical cosmology will inevitably have natural flaws.”
“I don’t think this is an immutable thing.”
“New phenomena will inevitably require new theories to explain. .”
"Thus gave birth to special relativity and quantum theory, two cornerstone theories of modern physics."
"One studies high-speed problems, and the other studies microscopic particle problems."
"Both It makes up for the shortcomings of physics."
"It has perfectly incorporated those previously helpless phenomena into physical theory."
"Now quantum theory has gone a step further and not only believes that. The micro is discontinuous, even probabilistic.”
"Today I just said that the transition behavior of electrons is probabilistic."
"Perhaps in the future, the movement of any microscopic particles will be probabilistic. This is not impossible."
"Everything depends on the development of theory."
"This is a battle of ideas."
"I welcome different opinions, but I will always reserve my own probabilities Explain.”
"Because my intuition tells me that it must be the most correct explanation."
"Even if there are countless people who oppose me, I will persist."
"Although there are thousands of people I Go!”
Boom!
At this moment, everyone was stunned by Li Qiwei's domineering attitude.
The other party wants to challenge the entire physics world by himself.
Almost no one present recognized the theory of probability. Bruce was the only one who insisted on this point of view.
However, he still showed strong self-confidence.
The overwhelming aura infected everyone.
Even if someone wants to refute, the level is not high enough and there is no logic to refute.
Ordinary people are not even qualified to refute.
The lowest common people here are university professors
Only big guys like Rutherford and Einstein can argue tit for tat and argue with reason.
And Li Qiwei’s refutation of the mechanical cosmology is also well-founded.
Start directly at the cornerstone of this worldview, Newtonian mechanics.
If even Newtonian mechanics has problems, then the various scientific buildings built on it must also have problems.
The special theory of relativity has proven the limitations of Newtonian mechanics in high-speed motion.
As long as Li Qiwei can publish the general theory of relativity and make up for the shortcomings of the special theory of relativity, then everything will be logically closed.
At this moment, no one expected that general relativity would have a wonderful connection with quantum theory.
After hearing Li Qiwei’s answer, Einstein not only did not feel disappointed, but became even more motivated.
His whole body trembled, and his eyes seemed to be burning with fire.
“This is the Bruce I know.”
“What he is sure of, even if God stands in front of him, he will have to try it before he knows it.”
“He has transcended the category of genius and reached another realm.”
“Perhaps, that is the realm of God?”
"But no matter what, I firmly believe that the world cannot be probabilistic."
"There must be some hidden variables that have not been discovered."
"And this will be my next step. The goal is to come down."
"Bruce, I didn't expect that we would be academic rivals one day."
"But you are definitely wrong this time."
Einstein vowed so confidently that he wanted to look up to the sky and roar with excitement.
His relationship with Li Qiwei will not be alienated by arguments, but will become more sincere. This kind of friendship mixed with high respect for physics made Einstein regard it as a treasure.
You may only encounter it once in your life.
Einstein smiled at Li Qiwei and then sat down with satisfaction.
He knew that it was impossible to decide what was right or wrong in today's meeting.
Such an incredible theory must require a lot of experiments and calculations.
Oral talk alone cannot convince anyone.
And Bruce just used an example to express his point of view.
No exact proof was given.
Therefore, today's meeting is just the beginning of future academic competition.
Einstein can't wait to see it.
Glank in the front row is probably the person with the most complicated mood on the field at the moment.
He watched Li Qiwei talk eloquently on the stage, even throwing out such sensational views as probability theory.
He had mixed feelings in his heart.
When Planck was young, he was also a master who was not afraid of anything.
His physics teacher told him that physics is as good as it gets.
You can't do anything if you go in now.
It is better to study medicine.
Glanck's bullish temper came up with just one kick.
I'm partial to learning!
Thus, his scientific talent began to show.
He solved many physics problems at a young age and became a physics boss in Germany.
Quantum concepts were already being considered before Li Qiwei.
The appearance of Li Qiwei made him determined.
So a good story became a legend in the field of physics.
Even Li Qiwei regarded the publication of quantum theory as the dividing line between modern physics and classical physics.
Planck feels very lucky every time he thinks of this.
However, Li Qiwei’s point of view today made Planck feel scared for the first time.
That’s right, it’s just fear.
In fact, the older generation of physicists such as Lorenz, Michelson, and Thomson who were present all felt this way.
Give a vivid example.
It's like your wife who has been sleeping with you for decades, and suddenly one day you find out that the other person is actually a slut.
Now, this is how the big guys feel.
It was like seeing a ghost.
Even Planck, who claimed not to be afraid of authority, grew up in the context of classical physics.
The publication of the quantum concept has exhausted all his courage.
Probabilistic explanation is unacceptable to him under any circumstances.
But it was proposed by his most proud student, Bruce.
This feeling can only be expressed by a mixture of five flavors.
At this moment, Planck's idea is: You can build it whatever you want, I won't participate anyway.
In real history, at the Fifth Solvay Conference, known as the meeting of the century.
Planck, Lorenz and other big guys are just melon-eaters.
They did not participate in the discussions at the meeting at all and mainly played a symbolic role.
It was completely watching Einstein lead Schrödinger, de Broglie, Compton, and Bohr led Heisenberg, Pauli, Dirac and others.
Planck, as the founder of quantum theory, did not participate in the discussion of quantum mechanics.
Just because it's so weird.
Thoughts surged in Plank's mind.
However, Planck knew very well, no matter what he thought.
After today, Bruce's fame will definitely reach another level.
The nature of the world is probabilistic, and this sentence will surely spread throughout the world.
Everyone in physics is going to be crazy about it.
Planck sighed: "Hey, I am getting more and more confused about physics."
"I hope Bruce's generation can develop physics to an incredible level. ”
“I really want to witness that day coming”
Several big guys nearby were affected by Planck's words.
A few people even thought of quitting.
Modern physics is indeed not suitable for old guys like them to participate.
In real history, the contribution of the older generation of physicists to modern physics is indeed very low.
There is nothing we can do about it.
You can't expect ordinary people in the Qing Dynasty to imagine the prosperity of New York at this moment.
They can’t figure it out even if they break their heads.
And Michelson and others cannot imagine what modern physics looks like.
Only someone as imaginative as Bruce is the most suitable.
Einstein, Bohr, Laue, Qian Wushi
These talents are the future of modern physics.
Li Qiwei on the stage did not expect that his remarks would actually make several big bosses want to quit.
But this is also a good thing.
When the war comes, Li Qiwei may be able to trick them into the City of Science.
In the era of war and chaos, as a purely academic city, its attraction to physicists is self-evident.
At this moment, Li Qiwei stood on the podium, his heart racing.
This feeling of defying everything and shocking everyone is intoxicating.
Although he can't convince anyone yet.
Rutherford would not believe it, Einstein would not believe it, and even Planck would not believe it.
Li Qiwei knew this very well.
If they were so easily persuaded, they wouldn't be able to become super bosses in the field of physics.
Boss, who is not stubborn and paranoid?
He Li Qiwei is not the same in the eyes of others.
He is even more stubborn than everyone else.
The whole world is opposed to this, but he is the only one who insists on it. I am afraid that he is the only one who dares to do this.
If it were any other person, he would have been sprayed all over his body.
Li Qiwei took a deep breath, this was just the beginning.
The weirder and more incredible physics has not really appeared yet.
Bohr, who was next to him, suddenly walked to Li Qiwei's side.
He said with a hint of worship: "Professor Bruce, I believe in your probabilistic explanation."
"I also think that the behavior of electrons is a purely probabilistic behavior."
"Oh?" Li Qiwei stared closely at Bohr in front of him, half-smiling.
Of course he knew that the other party supported probability theory. After all, Bohr was the leader of the Copenhagen School.
Bohr was a little overwhelmed by Li Qiwei's look.
Soon, he figured it out and quickly explained: "Well, I'm not trying to flatter you, I really think so."
"The moment I proposed orbital quantization, I knew that everything I had learned before was questionable."
Li Qiwei showed a pleased smile, and he patted Bohr's shoulder gently, He smiled and said:
"Whether you agree or disagree, as long as you think independently, I will be very happy."
"Come on, there is still a long way to go in the future."< br>
Bohr nodded heavily and showed a child-like smile.
(End of this chapter)